Search results for "Clima"
showing 10 items of 6069 documents
Life Cycle Energy and Environmental Assessment of the Thermal Insulation Improvement in Residential Buildings
2021
The refurbishment of the building stock is a key strategy towards the achievement of the climate and energy goals of the European Union. This study aims at evaluating the energy and environmental impacts associated with retrofitting a residential apartment to improve its vertical envelope thermal insulation. Two insulation materials, stone wool and cellulose fibers, are compared. The life cycle assessment methodology is applied assuming 1 m2 of retrofitted vertical envelope as functional unit. Moreover, to estimate the net energy and environmental benefits achievable in the retrofitted scenario compared with the non-retrofitted one, a second analysis is performed in which the system boundar…
Assessment of the Trend of Albedo: a Case Study of Palermo
2013
In this paper we propose a case study of urban heat island applied to Palermo. The urban heat island (UHI) is the most studied of the climate effects of settlements. The UHI refers to the generally warm urban temperatures compared to those over surrounding, non-urban, areas. The aim of this paper is to find a connection among the average rise in temperature and the modification of albedo.
Influence of bacterial physiology on processing of selenite, biogenesis of nanomaterials and their thermodynamic stability
2019
We explored how Ochrobactrum sp. MPV1 can convert up to 2.5 mM selenite within 120 h, surviving the challenge posed by high oxyanion concentrations. The data show that thiol-based biotic chemical reaction(s) occur upon bacterial exposure to low selenite concentrations, whereas enzymatic systems account for oxyanion removal when 2 mM oxyanion is exceeded. The selenite bioprocessing produces selenium nanomaterials, whose size and morphology depend on the bacterial physiology. Selenium nanoparticles were always produced by MPV1 cells, featuring an average diameter ranging between 90 and 140 nm, which we conclude constitutes the thermodynamic stability range for these nanostructures. Alternativ…
Traits and phylogenies modulate the environmental responses of wood-inhabiting fungal communities across spatial scales
2022
Identifying the spatial scales at which community assembly processes operate is fundamental for gaining a mechanistic understanding of the drivers shaping ecological communities. In this study, we examined whether and how traits and phylogenetic relationships structure fungal community assembly across spatial scales. We applied joint species distribution modelling to a European-scale dataset on 215 wood-inhabiting fungal species, which includes data on traits, phylogeny and environmental variables measured at the local (log-level) and regional (site-level) scales. At the local scale, wood-inhabiting fungal communities were mostly structured by deadwood decay stage, and the trait and phyloge…
Current state and future perspectives of biochar applications in Finland
2018
Kiinnostus biohiiltä kohtaan lisääntyy jatkuvasti, sillä biohiili tarjoaa taloudellisia ja ympäristön kannalta kestäviä ratkaisuja. Biohiiltä on tutkittu Suomessa noin kymmenen vuotta, mutta vasta viime aikoina sen taloudellinen kannattavuus on tunnistettu. Aikaisemmat biohiileen liittyvät tutkimukset ovat keskittyneet lähinnä pyrolyysiprosessiin, biohiilen ominaisuuksiin sekä biohiilen potentiaalisten käyttökohteiden tutkimiseen. Biohiilen markkinatilannetta ei ole vielä Suomessa tutkittu, lukuun ottamatta biohiilen käyttöä energiantuotannossa (biohiilen poltto), mikä on kuitenkin rajattu tästä tutkimuksesta. Tämän työn tarkoitus on tutkia biohiilen käytön nykyistä tilannetta ja sen tuleva…
Gulf of Maine shells reveal changes in seawater temperature seasonality during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and the Little Ice Age
2011
article i nfo In this study, we use subannually resolved oxygen isotope values of fossil (dead-collected) and modern (live- caught) bivalve shells (Arctica islandica L.) from the northwestern Atlantic (Gulf of Maine, USA) to reconstruct past seasonal changes in seawater temperature. Our results indicate decreased seasonal temperature amplitude of about 1.6 °C (or ∼21%) during Medieval times (ca. AD 1033-1062) compared to shells from the early Little Ice Age (ca. AD 1321-1391) and during the late 19th century (AD 1864-1886). Additionally, seasonal oxygen isotope data suggest that summers were cooler and winters were warmer in the Gulf of Maine during the 11th century compared to summers and …
The coralline red alga Lithophyllum kotschyanum f. affine as proxy of climate variability in the Yemen coast, Gulf of Aden (NW Indian Ocean)
2014
Abstract Recent investigations have shown the potential of red coralline algae as paleoclimatic archive. A previously unexplored subfamily of coralline algae, the Lithophylloideae, was investigated from the Gulf of Aden (Balhaf, Yemen). Seasonal changes in Mg/Ca, Li/Ca and Ba/Ca composition of Lithophyllum kotschyanum f. affine were investigated by Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). For the first time in coralline algae, the Li/Ca composition was analyzed and showed a highly significant and positive correlation with Mg/Ca and SST. Monthly algal Mg/Ca and Li/Ca variations indicate a positive correlation with sea surface temperature (SST), and sea surface…
Response of a shallow Mediterranean lake to nutrient diversion: does it follow similar patterns as in northern shallow lakes?
2005
Summary 1. In view of the paucity of data on the response of warm shallow lakes to reductions in nutrient loading, this paper presents a long-term limnological data set to document changes in the food-web of a shallow Mediterranean lake (Lake Albufera, Valencia, Spain) that has experienced reductions in phosphorus (P) (77%) and nitrogen (N) (24%) loading following sewage diversion. 2. Nine years after sewage diversion, P concentration in the lake was reduced by 30% but remained high (TP = 0.34 mg L−1), although the mean water retention time in the lake was only 0.1 years. Nitrate concentrations did not significantly change, probably because the lake continued to receive untreated effluents …
Influence of wood harvest on tree-ring time-series of Picea abies in a temperate forest
2012
Tree-ring width data are the prime source of high-resolution climate reconstructions covering recent mil- lennia. Their variations, from year-to-year, are calibrated against regional instrumental data to evaluate the strength of associations with temperature and precipitation records, though the level of variance explained by climatic variables is frequently less than 50%. Among the remaining factors affecting tree growth, the influence of forest management for tree-ring width time-series used to resolve annual climate reconstructions remains relatively unexplored. We here evaluate the impact of conventional single-tree harvesting on tree-ring data using a compilation of circumstantially ma…
Long-term dynamics of Collembola in a pine forest ecosystemProceedings of the Xth international Colloquium on Apterygota, České Budějovice 2000: Apte…
2002
Summary Biomonitoring data on soil Collembola collected over a six year period (1992-1997) in Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) forest in the Northern Vidzeme Biosphere Reserve, northern Latvia, are analysed. Monitoring was conducted in three plots: young (30-40 years), middle-aged (50—70 years), and old (150—200 years) pine stands. Sampling was performed once a year, in late August or early September, according to a systematic sampling scheme. One hundred soil cores (5 cm 2 × 10 cm) were taken within each plot every year, Collembola were extracted from the cores by using a modified high gradient extractor. During the monitoring period, there was a tendency of climate warming between 1992 a…