Search results for "Clos"

showing 10 items of 1439 documents

First Glimpse of the N=82 Shell Closure below Z=50 from Masses of Neutron-Rich Cadmium Isotopes and Isomers

2020

We probe the $N=82$ nuclear shell closure by mass measurements of neutron-rich cadmium isotopes with the ISOLTRAP spectrometer at ISOLDE-CERN. The new mass of $^{132}\mathrm{Cd}$ offers the first value of the $N=82$, two-neutron shell gap below $Z=50$ and confirms the phenomenon of mutually enhanced magicity at $^{132}\mathrm{Sn}$. Using the recently implemented phase-imaging ion-cyclotron-resonance method, the ordering of the low-lying isomers in $^{129}\mathrm{Cd}$ and their energies are determined. The new experimental findings are used to test large-scale shell-model, mean-field, and beyond-mean-field calculations, as well as the ab initio valence-space in-medium similarity renormalizat…

PhysicsSpectrometerAb initioShell (structure)Closure (topology)General Physics and AstronomyRenormalization group7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesISOLTRAPIsotopes of cadmium0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersNeutronAtomic physicsNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsPhysical Review Letters
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Mass measurements of $^{56-57}$Cr and the question of shell reincarnation at N = 32

2005

Binding energies determined with high accuracy provide smooth derivatives of the mass surface for analysis of shell and pairing effects. Measurements with the Penning trap mass spectrometer ISOLTRAP at CERN-ISOLDE were made for $^{56-57}$Cr for which an accuracy of 4 $\times 10^{-8}$ was achieved. Analysis of the mass surface for the supposed new N = 32 shell closure rather indicates a sub-shell closure, but of a different nature than known cases such as $^{94}$Sr.

PhysicsSurface (mathematics)Nuclear and High Energy Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsBinding energyShell (structure)Closure (topology)[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Penning trapMass spectrometry01 natural sciencesISOLTRAPPairing0103 physical sciencesAtomic physics010306 general physicsNuclear Experiment
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A Nonlinear Nonviscous Hydrodynamical Model for Change Transport Derived from Kinetic Theory

2002

In the paper, methods of Extended Thermodynamics are used to derive nonlinear closure relations for hydrodynamical models for charge transport in metals or in semiconductors, neglecting viscous phenomena. For the sake of simplicity only the case of single parabolic band approximation is studied. In this work the velocity v i is not considered as a small parameter; therefore, the models obtained can be useful when one wishes to study phenomena in a neighborhood of a stationary non-equilibrium process.

PhysicsWork (thermodynamics)Nonlinear systemConstitutive theoryClassical mechanicsHeat fluxConstitutive equationKinetic theory of gasesClosure (topology)Charge (physics)Statistical physics
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High-Energy pulse profile of the Transient X-ray Pulsar SAX J2103.5+4545

2005

In two recent INTEGRAL papers, Lutovinov et al. (2003) and Blay et al. (2004) report a timing and spectral analysis of the transient Be/X-ray pulsar SAX J2103.5+4545 at high energies (5--200 keV). In this work we present for the first time a study of the pulse profile at energies above 20 keV using INTEGRAL data. The spin-pulse profile shows a prominent (with a duty cycle of 14%) and broad (with a FWHM of ~ 51 s) peak and a secondary peak which becomes more evident above 20 keV. The pulsed fraction increases with energy from ~ 45% at 5--40 keV to ~ 80% at 40--80 keV. The morphology of the pulse profile also changes as a function of energy, consistent with variations in the spectral componen…

PhysicsX-rays : binariesScatteringAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenapulsars : individual : SAX J2103.5+4545Astrophysics (astro-ph)Phase (waves)FOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsRadiationAstrophysicsSpectral linePulse (physics)Full width at half maximumPulsarbinaries : closeSpace and Planetary Scienceclose; pulsars : individual : SAX J2103.5+4545; X-rays : binaries [binaries]X-ray pulsar
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The broad-band spectrum of Cyg X-2 with INTEGRAL

2005

We study the broad band (3-100 keV) spectrum of Cygnus X-2 with INTEGRAL. We find that the spectrum is well fitted by a Comptonized component with a seed-photons temperature of ~1 keV, an electron temperature of ~3 keV and an optical depth tau ~ 8. Assuming spherical geometry, the radius of the seed-photons emitting region is ~17 km. The source shows no hard X-ray emission; it was detected only at a 3 sigma level above 40 keV. We also analyzed public ISGRI data of Cyg X--2 to investigate the presence of a hard X-ray component. We report the possible presence of hard X-ray emission in one data set.

Physicsstars : individual : Cygnus X-2Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics (astro-ph)Spectrum (functional analysis)FOS: Physical sciencesBroad bandAstronomy and AstrophysicsRadiusAstrophysicsAstrophysicsaccretion accretion diskstars : neutronSpherical geometrySpace and Planetary Sciencebinaries : closeOptical depth (astrophysics)Electron temperatureclose; stars : individual : Cygnus X-2; stars : neutron [accretion accretion disks; binaries]
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A vorticity based aeroacoustic prediction for the noise emission of a low-speed turbulent internal flow

2003

Abstract Turbulent internal flows are known to generate intense noise as well as surface pressure fluctuations. Numerically predicting the noise emission near the prescribed boundaries requires that the sound-generating turbulent flow be adequately represented and described. The k – e method provides a promising tool for obtaining the unsteady characteristics of a realistic turbulent flow interacting with a rectangular flat plate undergoing “ground effect”. The far-field acoustic calculation is facilitated by the Kambe model (from Lighthill’s theory) and an original post-processor has been developed to determine the far-field spectra and the source term characteristics. In pre-processed tur…

Physics::Fluid DynamicsPhysicsGeneral Computer ScienceGround effect (cars)TurbulenceK-epsilon turbulence modelInternal flowComputationGeneral EngineeringEnclosureAeroacousticsMechanicsVorticityComputers & Fluids
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Hidden Oscillations In The Closed-Loop Aircraft-Pilot System And Their Prevention* *This work was supported by Russian Science Foundation (project 14…

2016

Abstract The paper is devoted to studying and prevention of a special kind of oscillations-the Pilot Involved Oscillations (PIOs) which may appear in man-machine closed-loop dynamical systems. The PIO of categories II and III are defined as essentially non-linear unintended steady fluctuations of the piloted aircraft, generated due to pilot efforts to control the aircraft with a high precision. The main non-linear factor leading to the PIO is, generally, rate limitations of the aircraft control surfaces, resulting in a delay in the response of the aircraft to pilot commands. In many cases, these oscillations indicate presence of hidden, rather than self-excited attractors in the aircraft-pi…

Pilot system0209 industrial biotechnologyEngineeringState-space representationDynamical systems theorybusiness.industry020208 electrical & electronic engineeringControl engineering02 engineering and technologyFlight control surfacesLoop (topology)Nonlinear system020901 industrial engineering & automationControl and Systems EngineeringControl theoryAttractor0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringbusinessClosed loopIFAC-PapersOnLine
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Cognitive structuring and placebo effect

2017

Abstract In much of the research concerning the placebo phenomenon, the idea that placebo effects may vary in strength depending on a patient's personal characteristics or traits has been investigated. Findings regarding possible personality differences in placebo response, however, are conflicting and non-systematic. In this article a new theoretical attempt to explain the placebo phenomenon is offered. The authors postulate that the power of the placebo effect is moderated by the extent of use of cognitive structuring, which in turn is influenced by the interaction between the individuals' level of need for cognitive closure and their ability to achieve this state. To test this assumption…

Placebo responsemedia_common.quotation_subjectCognitionPlaceboStructuringCognitive structuring; Placebo effect; Individual differences; Need for closure; Ability to achieve cognitive structureDevelopmental psychology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMoodPersonality030212 general & internal medicinePsychologyPractical implications030217 neurology & neurosurgeryGeneral Psychologymedia_commonClinical psychologyPersonality and Individual Differences
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From Eunomia to Paideia: The Educating Nature of Law

2020

Education and Law are two of the institutions which most directly influence the configuration of the individual and of society. Furthermore, there is a close relationship between them in that each determines the development of the other. From their very beginnings, political and legal philosophy have asked what is Law, what is education and what should the relationship between them be. This chapter deals with the relationship between Law and education from this philosophical-practical perspective. It begins by illustrating the notable similarities between both and then goes on to address two questions: (1) whether Law should educate citizens in moral virtues; and (2) if the education of cit…

PoliticsClose relationshipLawmedia_common.quotation_subjectPerspective (graphical)PaideiaSociologyPhilosophy of lawObediencemedia_common
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Using semi-permeable membrane devices as passive samplers

2007

Abstract We discuss the present state of, and future developments in, using semi-permeable membrane devices (SPMDs) for environmental monitoring of organic pollutants. SPMDs allow the determination of time-weighted average concentrations of bioavailable pollutants in the sampled media, reducing significantly the costs of analysis compared with active samplers. We summarize developments in SPMDs, including simplified devices and devices modified by incorporating solvents other than triolein, and applications. We review contaminants (e.g., organotin compounds, polycyclic musk, triclosan, petroleum biomarkers, nitrated PAHs, polychlorinated naphthalenes and a wide range of pesticides sampled i…

PollutantChemistryAir pollutionContaminationPesticidemedicine.disease_causeAnalytical ChemistryClean-upTriclosanchemistry.chemical_compoundEnvironmental chemistryEnvironmental monitoringmedicineSemipermeable membraneSpectroscopyTrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry
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