Search results for "Clostridium difficile"

showing 5 items of 65 documents

Inhibition of small G proteins of the Rho family by statins orClostridium difficiletoxin B enhances cytokine-mediated induction of NO synthase II

2000

In order to investigate the involvement of Ras and/or Rho proteins in the induction of the inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase (NOS II) we used HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) and Clostridium difficile toxin B (TcdB) as pharmacological tools. Statins indirectly inhibit small G proteins by preventing their essential farnesylation (Ras) and/or geranylgeranylation (Rho). In contrast, TcdB is a glucosyltransferase and inactivates Rho-proteins directly. Human A549/8- and DLD-1 cells as well as murine 3T3 fibroblasts were preincubated for 18 h with statins (1–100 μM) or TcdB (0.01–10 ng ml−1). Then NOS II expression was induced by cytokines. NOS II mRNA was measured after 4–8 h by R…

rho GTP-Binding ProteinsG proteinBacterial ToxinsMevalonic AcidNitric Oxide Synthase Type IISmall G ProteinClostridium difficile toxin BBiologyGene Expression Regulation EnzymologicMiceGeranylgeranylationBacterial ProteinsPolyisoprenyl PhosphatesPrenylationGTP-Binding ProteinsGene expressionAtorvastatinTumor Cells CulturedAnimalsHumansDrug InteractionsPyrrolesLovastatinPromoter Regions GeneticPharmacology3T3 CellsTransfectionMolecular biologyHeptanoic AcidsEnzyme InductionPapersCytokinesHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsNitric Oxide SynthaseSignal transductionBritish Journal of Pharmacology
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Activation of astroglial phospholipase D activity by phorbol ester involves ARF and Rho proteins.

2000

Primary cultures of rat cortical astrocytes express phospholipase D (PLD) isoforms 1 and 2 as determined by RT-PCR and Western blot. Basal PLD activity was strongly (10-fold) increased by 4beta-phorbol-12beta,13alpha-dibutyrate (PDB) (EC(50): 56 nM), an effect which was inhibited by Ro 31-8220 (0.1-1 microM), an inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC), and by brefeldin A (10-100 microg/ml), an inhibitor of ADP-ribosylating factor (ARF) activation. Pretreatment of the cultures with Clostridium difficile toxin B-10463 (0.1-1 ng/ml), which inactivates small G proteins of the Rho family, led to a breakdown of the astroglial cytoskeleton; concomitantly, PLD activation by PDB was reduced by up to 50%…

rho GTP-Binding ProteinsIndolesADP ribosylation factorBacterial ToxinsClostridium difficile toxin AClostridium difficile toxin BBiologyRats Sprague-Dawleychemistry.chemical_compoundWestern blotBacterial ProteinsPhorbol EstersmedicinePhospholipase DPhospholipase D activityAnimalsEnzyme InhibitorsMolecular BiologyProtein kinase CCells CulturedProtein Kinase CProtein Synthesis InhibitorsBrefeldin Amedicine.diagnostic_testPhospholipase DADP-Ribosylation FactorsSerum Albumin BovineCell BiologyBrefeldin AMolecular biologyRatsEnzyme ActivationchemistryAstrocyteslipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Biochimica et biophysica acta
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Inhibition of Protein Isoprenylation Impairs Rho-Regulated Early Cellular Response to Genotoxic Stress

2000

Activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) are early cellular responses to genotoxic stress involved in the regulation of gene expression. Pretreatment of cells with the hydroxymethyl glutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitor lovastatin blocked stimulation of JNK1 activity by UV irradiation and by treatment with the alkylating compound methyl methanesulfonate but did not affect activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 by UV light. Lovastatin also attenuated UV-induced degradation of the NF-kappaB inhibitor IkappaBalpha. The effects of lovastatin on UV-triggered stimulation of JNK1 as well as on IkappaBalpha degradation were reverted by cotreatmen…

rho GTP-Binding ProteinsProtein PrenylationStimulationClostridium difficile toxin BCHO CellsGenotoxic StressBiologychemistry.chemical_compoundCricetinaemedicineAnimalsHumansMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8LovastatinPharmacologyMutagenicity TestsKinaseFarnesyltransferase inhibitorNF-kappa BMethyl methanesulfonateCell biologyIκBαchemistryMolecular MedicineLovastatinHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsMitogen-Activated Protein KinasesHeLa CellsSignal Transductionmedicine.drugMolecular Pharmacology
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Clostridium difficile Induced Inflammasome Activation and Coagulation Derangements

2022

C. difficile enterocolitis (CDAC) is the most common hospital infection, burdened by an increased incidence of coagulation-related complications such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) as well as a significant sepsis-related mortality. In this review, we analyzed the available data concerning the correlation between coagulation complications related to C. difficile infection (CDI) and inflammasome activation, in particular the pyrin-dependent one. The little but solid available preclinical and clinical evidence shows that inflammasome activation increases the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). As proof of this, it has been observed that in vitr…

sepsisMicrobiology (medical)enterocolitiinduced inflammasome activationcoagulation derangementVirologyClostridium difficileMicrobiologyMicroorganisms
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Toksīnus producējošu Clostridium difficile izraisītu slimību diagnostikā izmantoto metožu salīdzinoša izpēte un Clostridium difficile antibakteriālās…

2016

Pasaulē pieaug Clostridium difficile izraisītu infekciju (CDI) izplatība un smaguma pakāpe, virulentu C.difficile celmu izplatības dēļ. Terapijā un CDI kontrolē ir būtiska ticama toksinogēnu C.difficile diagnostika (TCDD) un informācija par to antibakteriālo jutību. Darba mērķis bija izvērtēt TCDD metožu ticamību, tās salīdzināt un raksturot C.difficile antibakteriālo jutību, nosakot minimālo inhibējošo koncentrāciju (MIC). Tika salīdzināts, Rīgas Austrumu klīniskajā universitātes slimnīcā, klīnika „Gaiļezers” (RAKUS KG), TCDD izmantotu metožu specifiskums un jutīgums, raksturota C.difficile izolātu antibakteriālā jutība pret metronidazolu un vankomicīnu. VIDAS BioMerieux imūnfermentatīvās …

vankomicīnsClostridium difficileMICBioloģijatcdBtoksīns
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