Search results for "Clusterin"

Effect of Topological Structure and Coupling Strength in Weighted Multiplex Networks

2018

Algebraic connectivity (second smallest eigenvalue of the supra-Laplacian matrix of the underlying multilayer network) and inter-layer coupling strength play an important role in the diffusion processes on the multiplex networks. In this work, we study the effect of inter-layer coupling strength, topological structure on algebraic connectivity in weighted multiplex networks. The results show a remarkable transition in the value of algebraic connectivity from classical cases where the inter-layer coupling strength is homogeneous. We investigate various topological structures in multiplex networks using configuration model, the Barabasi-Albert model (BA) and empirical data-set of multiplex ne…

Minimum Description Length Based Hidden Markov Model Clustering for Life Sequence Analysis

2010

In this article, a model-based method for clustering life sequences is suggested. In the social sciences, model-free clustering methods are often used in order to find typical life sequences. The suggested method, which is based on hidden Markov models, provides principled probabilistic ranking of candidate clusterings for choosing the best solution. After presenting the principle of the method and algorithm, the method is tested with real life data, where it finds eight descriptive clusters with clear probabilistic structures. nonPeerReviewed

A Clustering Approach to texture Classification

1988

In the paper a clustering technique to segment an image in to “homogeneous” regions is studied. The homogeneity of each region is evaluated by means of a “proximity function” computed between the pixels. The main result of such approach is that no-histogramming is required in order to perform segmentation. Possibilistic and probabilistic approaches are, also, combined to evaluate the significativity of the computed regions.

IMPLEMENTAZIONE DI UN ALGORITMO DI CLUSTERING PER L’IDENTIFICAZIONE DELLE PRECIPITAZIONI STRATIFORMI E CONVETTIVE ALLA SCALA D’EVENTO: UN’APPLICAZION…

Apoptotic Cell Debris and Phosphatidylserine-Containing Lipid Vesicles Induce Apolipoprotein J (Clusterin) Gene Expression in Vital Fibroblasts

2001

The molecular events in cells undergoing programmed cell death (apoptosis) are well studied; however, the response of the surviving neighbor cells to local cell death is largely uncharacterized. Apolipoprotein J (clusterin) is an 80-kDa glycoprotein that has been implied in cytoprotection of the vital cells, presumably by assisting in the clearance of apoptotic vesicles and membrane remnants. Its mRNA is specifically up-regulated in the vital cells of apoptotic tissues. The molecular mechanisms, however, leading to this response are not known. We here show that exposure of vital fibroblasts to apoptotic vesicles, disrupted vital cells, and trypsin-treated membrane remnants induces apoJ mRNA…

Clusterin: A Role in Cell Survival in the Face of Apoptosis?

1996

Clusterin is a multifunctional glycoprotein complex found in virtually all body fluids and on the surface of cells lining body cavities. Demonstrated and proposed functions include the transport of lipoproteins, the inhibition of complementmediated cell lysis and the modulation of cell-cell interactions. On the basis of its elevated expression in apoptotic tissues, it was originally proposed that the protein might be casually involved in apoptosis. Here, we discuss the recent data that, in contrast to the earlier notion, suggest that clusterin expression is not enhanced, but rather is down-regulated in the cells undergoing apoptosis and that its expression in the apoptotic tissue is restric…

Clusterin gene expression in apoptotic MDCK cells is dependent on the apoptosis-inducing stimulus

1995

Abstract Clusterin (Apolipoprotein J, complement lysis inhibitor) is a widely expressed multifunctional glycoprotein. The expression of clusterin mRNA has been reported to be elevated in a broad spectrum of apoptotic or degenerative tissues. More recently, it was shown that within these tissues clusterin is expressed in the surviving rather than in the dying cells, and that clusterin gene expression is actually down-regulated in the apoptotic cells. We have studied the expression of the clusterin gene in apoptotic MDCK cells. Cell death was initiated by three different stimuli: application of the steroid hormone antagonist RU 486, activation of protein kinase C by the application of the pho…

A Projection Pursuit Algorithm for Preference Data

2018

In the framework of preference rankings, the interest can lie in finding which predictors and which interactions are able to explain the observed preference structures. The last years have seen a remarkable owering of works about the use of decision tree for clustering preference vectors. As a matter of fact, decision trees are useful and intuitive, but they are very unstable: small perturbations bring big changes. This is the reason why it could be necessary to use more stable procedures in order to clustering ranking data. In this work, following the idea of Bolton (2003), a Projection Pursuit (PP) clustering algorithm for preference data will be proposed in order to extract useful inform…

Denaturation via Surfactants Changes Composition of Protein Corona

2018

The use of nanocarriers as drug delivery vehicles brings them into contact with blood plasma proteins. Polymeric nanocarriers require some sort of surfactant to ensure colloidal stability. Formation of the protein corona is therefore determined not only by the intrinsic properties of the nanocarrier itself but also by the accompanying surfactant. Although it is well-known that surfactants have an impact on protein structure, only few studies were conducted on the specific effect of surfactants on the composition of protein corona of nanocarriers. Therefore, we analyzed the composition of the protein corona on "stealth" nanoparticles with additional surfactant (cetyltrimethylammonium chlorid…

Dithiothreitol Treatment of Madin-Darby Canine Kidney Cells Reversibly Blocks Export from the Endoplasmic Reticulum but Does Not Affect Vectorial Tar…

1995

Addition of dithiothreitol (DTT) to the culture medium of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells blocks transport of newly synthesized gp80 (clusterin, apolipoprotein J), a soluble marker protein for apical exocytosis in this epithelial cell line. In cells treated with DTT during pulse labeling, gp80 is retained in the endoplasmic reticulum. After removal of the reducing agent, gp80 is posttranslationally oxidized and secreted at the apical surface of MDCK cell monolayers. This demonstrates that when folded and oxidized posttranslationally, gp80 can acquire a conformation that exhibits sorting signals for vectorial targeting. In the continuous presence of DTT, the transepithelial electrical…