Search results for "Clusters"

showing 10 items of 1274 documents

Restoration of theN=82Shell Gap from Direct Mass Measurements ofSn132,134

2008

A high-precision direct Penning trap mass measurement has revealed a 0.5-MeV deviation of the binding energy of (134)Sn from the currently accepted value. The corrected mass assignment of this neutron-rich nuclide restores the neutron-shell gap at N=82, previously considered to be a case of "shell quenching." In fact, the new shell gap value for the short-lived (132)Sn is larger than that of the doubly magic (48)Ca which is stable. The N=82 shell gap has considerable impact on fission recycling during the r process. More generally, the new finding has important consequences for microscopic mean-field theories which systematically deviate from the measured binding energies of closed-shell nu…

PhysicsIsotope010308 nuclear & particles physicsFissionNuclear TheoryBinding energyGeneral Physics and AstronomyMass spectrometryPenning trap01 natural sciencesISOLTRAP0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular Clustersr-processNuclideAtomic physicsNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsPhysical Review Letters
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Combined high-resolution laser spectroscopy and nuclear decay spectroscopy for the study of the low-lying states inFr206,At202, andBi198

2016

High-resolution laser spectroscopy was performed on $^{206}\mathrm{Fr}$ with the collinear resonance ionization spectroscopy (CRIS) experiment at CERN-ISOLDE. The hyperfine structure and isotope shift of the ground, first isomeric and second isomeric states were measured. The hyperfine components were unambiguously assigned to each nuclear state by means of laser-assisted nuclear decay spectroscopy. The branching ratios in the $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ decay of $^{206}\mathrm{Fr}$ and $^{202}\mathrm{At}$ were also measured for the first time with isomerically purified beams. The extracted hindrance factors allow determination of the spin of the ground, first isomeric, and second isomeric states…

PhysicsIsotope010308 nuclear & particles physicsNuclear stateHigh resolutionchemistry.chemical_element01 natural sciences7. Clean energyFranciumNuclear physicschemistry0103 physical sciencesResonance ionizationPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsSpectroscopyHyperfine structureRadioactive decayPhysical Review C
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Many-body origin of the plasmon resonance in small metal clusters

1994

The origin of the plasmon excitation in small metal clusters is studied within the jellium model through ab initio electronic-structure calculations based on the nuclear shell model. In the limit of infinite size, the plasmon classically represents pure harmonic motion of the center of mass of the valence electrons. It is shown that this limit is already well approximated by clusters of only eight electrons.

PhysicsJelliumPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersNuclear shell modelAb initioCenter of massElectronSurface plasmon resonanceAtomic physicsValence electronAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPlasmonZeitschrift f�r Physik D Atoms, Molecules and Clusters
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Imaging Static Charge Distributions: A Comprehensive KPFM Theory

2018

We analyze Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) for tip-sample systems that contain static charges by presenting a rigorous derivation for the respective KPFM signal in all common KPFM modes, namely amplitude modulation, frequency modulation, or heterodyne detection in the static, open-loop or closed-loop variant. The electrostatic model employed in the derivation is based on a general electrostatic analysis of an arbitrary tip-sample geometry formed by two metals, and which can include a static charge distribution and dielectric material in-between. The effect of the electrostatic force on the oscillating tip is calculated from this model within the harmonic approximation, and the observab…

PhysicsKelvin probe force microscopeWeight functionOscillationCharge densityCharge (physics)02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesSignalAmplitude modulation0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersHeterodyne detectionAtomic physics010306 general physics0210 nano-technology
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Simulations of continuous-wave sodium laser guide stars with polarization modulation at Larmor frequency

2018

The return flux from a sodium laser guide star suffers, at large angles between the geomagnetic field and the laser beam, from the reduction in optical pumping due to spin-precession of sodium atoms. This detrimental effect can be mitigated by modulating the circular polarization of a continuous-wave laser beam in resonance with the Larmor frequency of sodium atoms in the mesosphere. We present an investigation based on numerical modeling to evaluate the brightness enhancement of a laser guide star with polarization modulation of a continuous-wave laser beam at different observatories.

PhysicsLarmor precessionBrightnessbusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsResonanceLaserlaw.inventionOptical pumpingLaser guide starOpticslawPhysics::Space PhysicsPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersContinuous wavePhysics::Atomic PhysicsbusinessCircular polarizationAdaptive Optics Systems VI
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Calculated Line Broadening Coefficients in the nu2 Band of CH3D Perturbed by Helium

2003

International audience; Line broadening coefficients have been calculated, at room temperature, for lines in the P and R branches of the nu2 band of monodeuterated methane. A properly symmetrized semiclassical model with parabolic relative trajectories has been used. Two interaction potential models have been considered. The first is a Lennard-Jones type atom-atom potential, while the second one was derived from ab initio calculations. The calculated line widths were compared to the available experimental data and a satisfactory agreement was found, although the model contains no other adjustable parameters than the four atomic Lennard-Jones ones. Nonetheless, failures of calculations have …

PhysicsLine broadening coefficients010304 chemical physicsCondensed matter physics[ PHYS.QPHY ] Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]Semiclassical physicschemistry.chemical_elementQuantum numberSemiclassical calculations01 natural sciences7. Clean energyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCH3DInteraction potentialchemistry[PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]Ab initio quantum chemistry methods0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsSpectroscopyHeliumLine (formation)
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On the observability of Bell's inequality violation in the two-atoms optical Stern-Gerlach model

2005

Using the optical Stern-Gerlach model, we have recently shown that the non-local correlations between the internal variables of two atoms that successively interact with the field of an ideal cavity in proximity of a nodal region are affected by the atomic translational dynamics. As a consequence, there can be some difficulties in observing violation of the Bell's inequality for the atomic internal variables. These difficulties persist even if the atoms travel an antinodal region, except when the spatial wave packets are exactly centered in an antinodal point.

PhysicsMECHANICAL DESCRIPTIONTRANSLATIONAL DYNAMICSStern–Gerlach experimentIdeal (set theory)Field (physics)InequalityWave packetmedia_common.quotation_subjectDETERMINISTIC QUANTUM TELEPORTATIONCOMPLEMENTARITYAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsRABI OSCILLATIONSATOMSSCALAR PRODUCTHILBERT-SPACEQuantum mechanicsPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersInternal variablePoint (geometry)Physics::Atomic PhysicsObservabilityPHYSICAL REALITYINTERFEROMETERmedia_common
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Shape coexistence in Au 187 studied by laser spectroscopy

2020

Hyperfine-structure parameters and isotope shift of the 9/2$^−$ isomeric state in $^{187}$Au relative to $^{197}$Au for the 267.6-nm atomic transition have been measured for the first time using the in-source resonance-ionization spectroscopy technique. The magnetic dipole moment and change in the mean-square charge radius for this 9/2$^−$ isomer have been deduced. The observed large isomer shift relative to the 1/2$^+$ ground state in $^{187}$Au confirms the occurrence of the shape coexistence in $^{187}$Au proposed earlier from the analysis of the nuclear spectroscopic data and particle plus triaxial rotor calculations. The analysis of the magnetic moment supports the previously proposed …

PhysicsMagnetic momentIsotope010308 nuclear & particles physicsNuclear structure01 natural sciences7. Clean energyCharge radius0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersParticleDeformation (engineering)Atomic physics010306 general physicsGround stateSpectroscopyPhysical Review C
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Electro- and photodisintegration of deuterium

1978

Deuteron break-up by inelastic electron scattering or photoabsorption is discussed with emphasis on effects from meson exchange currents and isobar configurationgurations.

PhysicsMesonNuclear TheoryForm factor (quantum field theory)Virtual particleNuclear physicsDeuteriumPhotodisintegrationPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersIsobarInelastic electron scatteringHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentAtomic physicsNuclear Experiment
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A paradigm of fullerene

2009

We study the dynamics of an electron constrained over the surface of a rigid sphere, with geometrical parameters similar to those of the C60 fullerene, embedded in a low intensity linearly polarized laser field. The model is shown to emit odd harmonics of the laser even at very low field intensity. For more intense laser fields, the spectrum presents odd harmonics and hyper-Raman lines shaped in a broad plateau. The spectrum of the model is compared to that theoretically obtained by other authors for more realistic models of C60. It is concluded that the model can be used as a paradigm for mesoscopic molecules in the fullerene family, particularly in practical applications where it is conve…

PhysicsMesoscopic physicsFullereneSettore FIS/02 - Fisica Teorica Modelli E Metodi Matematicibusiness.industryLinear polarizationfullereneNonlinear opticsElectronCondensed Matter PhysicsLaserAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaComputational physicslaw.inventionharmonic generationOpticslawstrong fieldHarmonicsPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersHigh harmonic generationbusiness
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