Search results for "Clusters"

showing 10 items of 1274 documents

Nonlocal field correlations and dynamical Casimir-Polder forces between one excited- and two ground-state atoms

2006

The problem of nonlocality in the dynamical three-body Casimir-Polder interaction between an initially excited and two ground-state atoms is considered. It is shown that the nonlocal spatial correlations of the field emitted by the excited atom during the initial part of its spontaneous decay may become manifest in the three-body interaction. The observability of this new phenomenon is discussed.

PhysicsSpontaneous decayQuantum PhysicsField (physics)Dynamical dispersion forceFOS: Physical sciencesThree-body forcesCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCasimir effectQuantum nonlocalityQuantum mechanicsExcited statePhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersCausality and nonlocalityPhysics::Atomic PhysicsObservabilityQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Ground state
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Observation of the Continuous Stern-Gerlach Effect on an Electron Bound in an Atomic Ion

1999

We report on the first observation of the continuous Stern-Gerlach effect on an electron bound in an atomic ion. The measurement was performed on a single hydrogenlike ion ( 12C5+) in a Penning trap. The measured g factor of the bound electron, g = 2.001 042(2), is in excellent agreement with the theoretical value, confirming the relativistic correction at a level of 0.1%. This proves the possibility of g-factor determinations on atomic ions to high precision by using the continuous Stern-Gerlach effect. The result demonstrates the feasibility of conducting experiments on single heavy highly charged ions to test quantum electrodynamics in the strong electric field of the nucleus.

PhysicsStern–Gerlach experimentg factorElectric fieldPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersGeneral Physics and AstronomyPhysics::Atomic PhysicsElectronAtomic physicsPenning trapIonPhysical Review Letters
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The fate of the resonating valence bond in graphene

2011

We apply a variational wave function capable of describing qualitatively and quantitatively the so called "resonating valence bond" in realistic materials, by improving standard ab initio calculations by means of quantum Monte Carlo methods. In this framework we clearly identify the Kekul\'e and Dewar contributions to the chemical bond of the benzene molecule, and we establish the corresponding resonating valence bond energy of these well known structures ($\simeq 0.01$eV/atom). We apply this method to unveil the nature of the chemical bond in undoped graphene and show that this picture remains only within a small "resonance length" of few atomic units.

PhysicsStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)Quantum Monte CarloCondensed Matter - SuperconductivityQuantum monte carloGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesResonance (chemistry)Atomic unitsMolecular physicsSettore FIS/03 - Fisica della MateriaSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated ElectronsChemical bondAb initio quantum chemistry methodsResonance valence bondAtomPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsValence bond theoryGrapheneAtomic physicsGeneralized valence bond
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Teleportation of atomic states via position measurements

2007

We present a scheme for conditionally teleporting an unknown atomic state in cavity QED, which requires two atoms and one cavity mode. The translational degrees of freedom of the atoms are taken into account using the optical Stern-Gerlach model. We show that successful teleportation with probability 1/2 can be achieved through local measurements of the cavity photon number and atomic positions. Neither direct projection onto highly entangled states nor holonomous interaction-time constraints are required.

PhysicsTRANSLATIONAL DYNAMICSQuantum PhysicsPhotonDETERMINISTIC QUANTUM TELEPORTATIONDegrees of freedom (statistics)Cavity quantum electrodynamicsFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::OpticsQuantum entanglementQuantum PhysicsQuantum energy teleportationTeleportationAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsProjection (linear algebra)PODOLSKY-ROSEN CHANNELSRABI OSCILLATIONSQuantum mechanicsPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersJAYNES-CUMMINGS MODELPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Quantum teleportation
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Spin-lattice relaxation of individual solid-state spins

2018

Understanding the effect of vibrations on the relaxation process of individual spins is crucial for implementing nanosystems for quantum information and quantum metrology applications. In this work, we present a theoretical microscopic model to describe the spin-lattice relaxation of individual electronic spins associated to negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond, although our results can be extended to other spin-boson systems. Starting from a general spin-lattice interaction Hamiltonian, we provide a detailed description and solution of the quantum master equation of an electronic spin-one system coupled to a phononic bath in thermal equilibrium. Special attention is given…

PhysicsThermal equilibriumQuantum PhysicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsCondensed matter physicsSpinsPhononSpin–lattice relaxationFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencessymbols.namesakeQuantum master equationMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciencessymbolsQuantum metrologyPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersQuantum informationQuantum Physics (quant-ph)010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)
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Collisional and thermal ionization of sodium Rydberg atoms III. Experiment and theory fornS andnD states withn= 8–20 in crossed atomic beams

2005

The results of experimental and theoretical studies of collisional ionization of Na Rydberg atoms in nS and nD(n = 8–20) states are presented. Molecular and atomic ions from associative ionization and photoionization by blackbody radiation were detected after pulsed laser excitation of Rydberg states in crossed Na atomic beams. An original method of determination of associative ionization rate constants based on the measurement of ratios of molecular and atomic ion signals was used, which did not require the determination of absolute number density of Rydberg atoms. The measured rate constants of associative ionization of Rydberg atoms in collisions with ground-state Na atoms are compared w…

PhysicsThermal ionizationPhotoionizationCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticssymbols.namesakeRydberg constantIonizationRydberg atomPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClusterssymbolsRydberg formulaRydberg matterPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsElectron ionizationJournal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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Direct Bound on the Total Decay Width of the Top Quark inpp¯Collisions ats=1.96  TeV

2009

We present the first direct experimental bound on the total decay width of the top quark, Gamma(t), using 955 pb(-1) of the Tevatron's p (p) over bar collisions recorded by the Collider Detector at Fermilab. We identify 253 top-antitop pair candidate events. The distribution of reconstructed top quark mass from these events is fitted to templates representing different values of the top quark width. Using a confidence interval based on likelihood-ratio ordering, we extract an upper limit at 95% C.L. of Gamma(t) < 13.1 GeV for an assumed top quark mass of 175 GeV/c(2).

PhysicsTop quarkParticle physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyTevatronGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciencesComputer Science::Computers and SocietyLower limitNuclear physicsParticle decayNonlinear Sciences::Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersHigh Energy Physics::Experiment010306 general physicsCollider Detector at FermilabBar (unit)Physical Review Letters
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Theoretical overview on top pair production and single top production

2012

In this talk I will give an overview on theoretical aspects of top quark physics. The focus lies on top pair production and single top production.

PhysicsTop quarkParticle physicsFocus (computing)PhysicsQC1-999FOS: Physical sciencesComputer Science::Computers and SocietyNonlinear Sciences::Chaotic DynamicsHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyPair productionNonlinear Sciences::Exactly Solvable and Integrable SystemsHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Physics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersProduction (economics)
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Top-quark pair production cross-section measurements with the ATLAS detector

2019

Measurements of the inclusive and differential top-quark pair production cross sections in proton-proton collisions with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider at center-of-mass energies of 8 TeV and 13 TeV are presented. The inclusive measurements reach high precision and are compared to the best available theoretical calculations. Differential measurements of the kinematic properties of the top-quark production are also discussed. These measurements, including results using boosted tops, probe our understanding of top-quark pair production in the TeV regime.

PhysicsTop quarkParticle physicsLarge Hadron ColliderNuclear TheoryHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyKinematicsTOPSCross section (physics)Pair productionPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsProduction (computer science)High Energy Physics::ExperimentDifferential (mathematics)Particle Physics - Experiment
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Measurement of Top Quark Polarization in Top-Antitop Events from Proton-Proton Collisions ats=7  TeVUsing the ATLAS Detector

2013

This Letter presents measurements of the polarization of the top quark in top-antitop quark pair events, using 4: 7 fb(-1) of proton-proton collision data recorded with the ATLAS detector at the La ...

PhysicsTop quarkParticle physicsMuon010308 nuclear & particles physicsAtlas (topology)High Energy Physics::PhenomenologyNuclear TheoryGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronPolarization (waves)01 natural sciencesNuclear physicsPair production0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersCP violationHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsLeptonPhysical Review Letters
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