Search results for "Coccus"
showing 10 items of 1002 documents
A POLYCARBOXYLIC/AMINO FUNCTIONALIZED HYALURONIC ACID DERIVATIVE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF pH SENSIBLE HYDROGELS IN THE PREVENTION OF BACTERIAL ADHESION …
2014
A graft copolymer derivative of hyaluronic acid bearing pendant amino and short polymethacrylate portions (HA-EDA-BMP-MANa) has been employed for the production of a pH sensible vancomycin releasing hydrogel and studied in vitro to test its potential anti adhesive property against Staphylococcus aureus colonization. The copolymer obtained through atom transfer radical polymerization bears chargeable (carboxyl and amino groups) portions and it could be formulated as a hydrogel at a concentration of 10% w/v. The HA-EDA-BMP-MANa hydrogels, produced at three different pH values (5, 6 and 7, respectively), were formulated with or without the addition of vancomycin (2% w/v). The vancomycin releas…
In vitro antibacterial and biofilm inhibitory activity of the sawdust essential oil of Tetraclinis articulata (vahl) against catheter-associated Stap…
2021
Abstract The aim of the present study was to determine the chemical composition, antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of the essential oil of sawdust from root burl wood of T. articulata. Nine strains including 8 clinical isolates from catheters-related infections and one ATCC 25923 were tested. Twenty-seven different compounds were identified by GC–MS in the essential oil of T. articulata extracted by hydrodistillation. Carvacrol and cedrol were the principal compounds representing 34.37 ± 0.07 and 11.07 ± 0.09 respectively. The EO had a strong antibacterial activity against all strains including one Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) and two Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus strains. Inhibition …
Antibacterial Activity of Desert Truffles from Saudi Arabia Against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
2017
Abstract Medicinal mushrooms represent an unlimited source of polysaccharides with nutritional, antitumoral, antibacterial, and immune-stimulating properties. Traditional studies of epigeous higher Basidiomycetes have recently been joined by studies of hypogeous fungi and, in particular, of so-called desert truffles. With the aim to obtain novel agents against bacteria of clinical importance, we focused on the edible desert truffle mushrooms Tirmania pinoyi, Terfezia claveryi, and Picoa juniperi as sources of new antimicrobial agents. In particular, we investigated the in vitro antibacterial activity of acid-soluble protein extracts (aqueous extracts) of these 3 species against the Gram-pos…
Asymmetric Disulfanylbenzamides as Irreversible and Selective Inhibitors of Staphylococcus aureus Sortase A
2020
Abstract Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most frequent causes of nosocomial and community‐acquired infections, with drug‐resistant strains being responsible for tens of thousands of deaths per year. S. aureus sortase A inhibitors are designed to interfere with virulence determinants. We have identified disulfanylbenzamides as a new class of potent inhibitors against sortase A that act by covalent modification of the active‐site cysteine. A broad series of derivatives were synthesized to derive structure‐activity relationships (SAR). In vitro and in silico methods allowed the experimentally observed binding affinities and selectivities to be rationalized. The most active compounds were f…
A Silicone Ventricular Catheter Coated with a Combination of Rifampin and Trimethoprim for the Prevention of Catheter-related Infections
1998
So-called antiinfective catheters which are generated by incorporation of antimicrobial substances into polymers appear to be effectful devices in the prevention of catheter related infections. Such devices mainly act by prevention of bacterial colonization of the catheter surface rather than by inhibition of adherence. In a preceding study, we developed a rifampin-containing silicone catheter for the prevention of ventricular shunt infection. In the present study, this work was continued with a combination of antimicrobials incorporated in silicone ventricular catheters to reduce the risk of rifampin resistance and to expand the antimicrobial spectrum. We found that the drug release kineti…
Staphylococcus aureus nēsāšana veselu cilvēku starpā
2016
Staphylococcus aureus bieži vien kolonizē nāsis, padarot veselu cilvēku par šo patogēno mikroorganismu nēsātāju. Medicīnas darbiniekiem un medicīnas studentiem, kas ir pakļauti ilgu laika periodu slimnīcas videi, ir lielākais risks kļūt par S.aureus nēsātāju. Nēsātāji darbojas kā pastāvīgi infekcijas avoti. Stafilokoku infekcijas visbiežāk attīstās imūn-novājinātiem pacientiem, tāpēc nēsāšana medicīnas darbinieku vidū ir sevišķi svarīga. Darba mērķis: noteikt S.aureus nēsāšanas biežumu medicīnas fakultātes studentu vidū. Galvenie uzdevumi: 1.Noteikt S.aureus nēsāšanas atkarību no medicīnas fakultātes kursa ( otrais kurss, sestais kurss) – tātad no saskares ar slimnīcas vidi. 2.Noteikt S.aur…
Staphylococcus epidermidis un to rezistence pret antibakteriālajām vielām
2016
Staphylococcus epidermidis ir vieni no biežākajiem nozokomiālo infekciju un bakterēmijas ierosinātājiem. S.epidermidis bieži ir meticilīnrezistenti un tas nozīmē, ka baktērijas ir rezistentas pret klasiskajām β – laktāmu antibakteriālajām vielām. Meticilīnrezistenci nosaka mecA gēns , kurš ir integrēts baktērijas DNS. Baktēriju rezistence būtiski ietekmē arī infekciju terapijas izvēli. Darba mērķis ir izpētīt Staphylococcus epidermidis rezistenci pret antibakteriālajiem preparātiem no klīniskajiem materiāliem izolētajos paraugos. Pētījumā tika noskaidrots , ka S.epidermidis uzrādīja augstu rezistenci pret ampicilinu – 17 gadījumos ( 83% ), un arī pret eritromicīnu – 37 gadījumi ( 74% ). 31 …
No perifēro vēnu katetru uzsējumiem izdalīto Staphylococcus epidermidis bioplēvju veidošana un jutība pret antibakteriālajiem līdzekļiem
2015
Mūsdienās Staphylococcus epidermidis ir vieni no visbiežāk izolētajiem nozokomiālo infekciju izraisītājiem pacientu grupā ar tādiem riska faktoriem kā novājināta imūnsistēma un implantētām medicīniskajām ierīcēm. Visbūtiskākā ar svešķermeņiem saistīto infekciju patoģenēzē ir šo mikroorganismu spēja kolonizēt medicīnisko ierīču abiotiskās virsmas, formējot bioplēvi, kas sastāv no daudzslāņu šūnu klasteriem, iekļautiem ekstracelulārajā gļotu substancē un ir saistīta ar šo baktēriju rezistenci pret antibakteriālajiem līdzekļiem, padarot to izraisītās slimības grūti ārstējamas. Pētījuma mērķis: Analizēt no perifēro vēnu katetru uzsējumiem izdalīto Staphylococcus epidermidis bioplēvju veidošanas…
4-Diazopyrazole Derivatives as Potential New Antibiofilm Agents
2008
<i>Background:</i> The recognition that chronic infections and infections associated with medical devices are biofilm related has been the impulse for investigating the antibiofilm properties of some diazopyrazoles biologically active as antimicrobials. <i>Methods:</i> The susceptibility of staphylococcal biofilms was determined at concentrations ranging from 25 to 1.5 µg/ml using crystal violet and methylthiazotetrazolium (MTT) staining. In the case of <i>Candida albicans,</i> we first assessed the anti-germ tube formation effect of 4-NO<sub>2</sub> (compound 1c) and then we evaluated its antibiofilm activity at concentrations ranging from 10…
Subcytocidal attack by staphylococcal alpha-toxin activates NF-kappaB and induces interleukin-8 production.
2001
ABSTRACTFormation of transmembrane pores by staphylococcal alpha-toxin can provoke a spectrum of events depending on target cell species and toxin dose, and in certain cases, repair of the lesions has been observed. Here, we report that transcriptional processes are activated as a response of cells to low toxin doses. Exposure of monocytic (THP-1) or epithelial (ECV304) cells to 40 to 160 ng/ml alpha-toxin provoked a drop in cellular ATP level that was followed by secretion of substantial amounts of interleukin-8 (IL-8). Cells transfected with constructs comprising the proximal IL-8 promoter fused to luciferase or to green fluorescent protein cDNA exhibited enhanced reporter gene expression…