Search results for "Cognitivism"
showing 10 items of 20 documents
Premis, càstigs i educació
2008
Els autors defensen que el costum i la llei confi guren la legalitat i la moralitat socials i determinen el nostre comportament, alhora que qüestionen els resultats 'esperats' de l'aplicació mecànica dels premis i càstigs en educació. Distingeixen el control extern 'supervisió' i l'intern 'motivació' en l'esdevenir dels comportaments analitzats, en relació a l'aplicació d'aquelles sancions i tot seguit aborden l'estudi monogràfi c des del conductisme, des del cognitivisme i des de la perspectiva moral. Ara aborden la complexitat contextual de la intervenció pedagògica i les alternatives possibles des dels plantejaments actitudinals dels subjectes, per concloure que els premis tenen la fi na…
Brief cognitive assessment instruments in schizophrenia and bipolar patients, and healthy control subjects: A comparison study between the Brief Cogn…
2011
Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia and psychosis is ubiquitous and acknowledged as a core feature of clinical expression, pathophysiology, and prediction of functioning. However, assessment of cognitive functioning is excessively time-consuming in routine practice, and brief cognitive instruments specific to psychosis would be of value. Two screening tools have recently been created to address this issue, i.e., the Brief Cognitive Assessment Tool for Schizophrenia (B-CATS) and the Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry (SCIP). The aim of this research was to examine the comparative validity of these two brief instruments in relation to a global cognitive score. 161 patients with p…
The Dialectics of Free Energy Minimization
2019
Karl Friston’s free energy minimization has been received with great enthusiasm. With good reason: it not only makes the bold claim to a unifying theory of the brain, but it is presented as an a priori principle applicable to living systems in general. In this article, we set out to show how the breadth of scope of Friston’s framework converges with the dialectics of Georg Hegel. Through an appeal to the work of Catherine Malabou, we aim to demonstrate how Friston not only reinvigorates Hegelian dialectics from the perspective of neuroscience, but that the implicit alignment with Hegel necessitates a reading of free energy minimization from the perspective of Hegel’s speculative philosophy.…
A commentary on the Special Issue “Innovations in measuring and fostering mathematical modelling competencies”
2021
This is a commentary on the ESM 2021 Special Issue on Innovations in Measuring and Fostering Mathematical Modelling Competencies. We have grouped the ten studies into three themes: competencies, fostering, and measuring. The first theme and the papers therein provide a platform to discuss the cognitivist backgrounds to the different conceptualizations of mathematical modelling competencies, based on the modelling cycle. We suggest theoretical widening through a competence continuum and enriching of the modelling cycle with overarching, analytic dimensions for creativity, tool use, metacognition, and so forth. The second theme and the papers therein showcase innovative ideas on fostering an…
La polarità destra-sinistra e le direzioni cardinali: lingua, corpo e cultura
2021
Questo lavoro indaga un’antica questione relativa all’origine e all’uso dei termini ‘destra’ e ‘sinistra’ nelle lingue indoeuropee. Se sul piano fonetico e morfologico si ricostruiscono con facilità le radici comuni da cui derivano entrambi i termini nelle diverse lingue della stessa famiglia, sul piano della ricostruzione semantica e culturale emergono contraddizioni a tutt’oggi non spiegate. Qui si cerca di interpretare i dati sulla base non solo degli esiti morfologici della comparazione lessicale, ma anche del contesto storico e culturale ricostruito alla luce delle nuove prospettive offerte sia dalla linguistica tipologica sia dalla linguistica cognitiva. L’indagine si concentra in par…
Note esplicative a piè di pagina
2021
Il documento presenta 12 note a piè di pagina che esplicitano il significato di alcuni lemmi specialistici afferenti all'ambito della "Teoria e storia della Didattica". La loro presenza nella monografia intitolata "La ricerca didattica in Italia (1950-2020)" è funzionale alla comprensione di alcuni importanti temi presentati nel corpo del testo dei primi tre capitoli.
La linguistique cognitive existe-t-elle ?
2009
International audience; La présente contribution est consacrée à la question du statut théorique et de la légitimité même de la notion de ‘linguistique cognitive'. Sont tout d'abord rappelées (§ 1) les conditions historiques d'émergence, aux Etats-Unis, des deux grands courants de la linguistique dite ‘cognitive' : la grammaire générative (qui s'inscrit dans le paradigme ‘computo-représentationnel symbolique' du cognitivisme classique) et les grammaires cognitives (se réclamant d'un paradigme ‘constructiviste'). Puis (§ 2) est défendue l'idée qu'une théorie linguistique ne saurait se dire ‘cognitive' si elle ne cherche pas à relier explicitement les significations et les concepts, ce qui co…
L’anaphore associative : contigüité métonymique
2008
Cet article porte sur les rapports de contigüité exigés lors de la résolution des anaphores associatives. Il s’agit en général de relations métonymiques, car les différents rapports, à caractère notamment socioculturel, entre référent et marque anaphorique convergent dans un même cadre conceptuel, se faisant écho d’éléments ou caractéristiques du même domaine cognitif. L’anaphore associative reprenant ainsi un attribut concret du référent, nous envisageons donc une classification de ces marques anaphoriques d’après des rapports métonymiques, tels que partie à tout, objet à matière et caractéristique ou propriété à objet. This paper is about contiguous reports required in associative anaphor…
�Cu�l es la funci�n de los valores en el cine?: Apuntes sobre la �cr�tica �tica del arte�
2018
In this paper we raise the question of whether moral values play any decisive role in cinematographic art (and, therefore, whether film can or not influence the behavior of the spectator). To this end, we will first introduce the controversy between two opposing positions: the “(moralist) consequentialism” and the “(aestheticist) autonomism”; secondly, we will propose an alternative to this approaches based on some notions of two contemporary philosophers of film: David Bordwell and Noel Carroll. Our overall objective will be to present the main lines of this debate – centered on the relationship between Ethics and Aesthetics – and point out the different positions involved.
Introduzione alla psicologia sociale
2017
il volume contiene lo stato dell'arte della disciplina esposto in termini accessibili agli studenti. in particolare vengono trattati gli argomenti relativi alla percezione sociale, agli aspetti psicosociali del Sé, agli atteggiamenti, al pregiudizio e agli stereotipi, il conflitto intergruppi, l'influenza sociale, l'aggressività e l'altruismo