Search results for "Coherence"

showing 10 items of 905 documents

Mediating International Conflicts: The European Union as an Effective Peacemaker?

2015

This article examines how the EU's effectiveness as a mediator in peace negotiations can be appropriately conceptualized and analysed. Mediator effectiveness is analysed along two dimensions: goal-attainment and conflict settlement. Investigation of the conditions of mediator effectiveness is structured around four key sets of variables: mediator leverage, mediation strategy, coherence and the conflict's context. In our empirical analysis of EU mediation between Serbia and Kosovo (Belgrade–Pristina dialogue) we find that the medium degree of EU effectiveness (both in terms of goal-attainment and conflict settlement) can be explained by its great leverage vis-a-vis the conflict parties due t…

Economics and Econometricsbusiness.industrymedia_common.quotation_subjectContext (language use)International tradeCoherence (statistics)General Business Management and AccountingNegotiationIncentiveLeverage (negotiation)Political economyPolitical sciencePolitical Science and International RelationsMediationmedia_common.cataloged_instanceBusiness and International ManagementEuropean unionbusinessSettlement (litigation)media_commonJCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies
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Dynamique induite par champ laser femtoseconde intense : alignement moléculaire en milieu gazeux dense et effet Kerr

2011

This thesis is devoted to the study of dynamics induced by intense femtoseconds lasers pulses. The first studied dynamics deals with molecular alignment of CO2-X mixtures (X=CO2, Ar, N2), in dense gases (up to 20 bar). Up to now, this regime has never been studied experimentally. In the field-free regime (after laser/matter interaction), molecular alignment exhibits two components : a permanent alignment and a transient one. The influence of collisions appears through population transfers between rotational states, which leads to a decrease of these two contributions. Permanent alignment relaxation time is only tied to inelastics collisions whereas transient alignment relaxation time is tie…

Effet Kerr électroniqueBiréfringenceBirefringenceLock-in amplifierMolecular alignmentRotational coherenceAlignement moléculaireSpectroscopie[ PHYS.COND.CM-GEN ] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other]Détection synchroneFemtosecond pulsesImpulsions femtosecondes[PHYS.COND.CM-GEN] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other]DissipationMolécules linéaires[PHYS.COND.CM-GEN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other]Cohérence rotationnelleKerrCO2CollisionsLinear moleculesSpectroscopy
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Loss of coherence and dressing in QED

2006

The dynamics of a free charged particle, initially described by a coherent wave packet, interacting with an environment, i.e. the electromagnetic field characterized by a temperature $T$, is studied. Using the dipole approximation the exact expressions for the evolution of the reduced density matrix both in momentum and configuration space and the vacuum and the thermal contribution to decoherence, are obtained. The time behaviour of the coherence lengths in the two representations are given. Through the analysis of the dynamic of the field structure associated to the particle the vacuum contribution is shown to be linked to the birth of correlations between the single momentum components o…

Electromagnetic fieldPhysicsDensity matrixQuantum PhysicsPhotonQuantum decoherenceoscillatorsWave packetVirtual particleFOS: Physical sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCharged particleharmonic oscillatorsQuantum electrodynamicsQuantum mechanicsbathsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Coherence (physics)
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A frequency compensation algorithm of four-wheel coherence random road

2013

Published version of an article in the journal: Mathematical Problems in Engineering. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/986584 Open access The road surface roughness is the main source of kinematic excitation of a moving vehicle, which has an important influence on vehicle performance. In recent decades, random road models have been widely studied, and a four-wheel random road time domain model is usually generated based on the correlation of the four-wheel input, in which a coherence function is used to describe the coherence of the road input between the left and right wheels usually. However, during our research, there are some conditions that show that…

EngineeringArticle Subjectroad surface roughnessroads and streetsGeneral Mathematicstime domain modelingmoving vehiclesFrequency compensationKinematicsalgorithmspower spectral densityAutomotive engineeringDamperVehicle dynamicsCoherence (signal processing)vehicle wheelsbusiness.industrylcsh:Mathematicsvehicle dynamicsGeneral Engineeringroad roughnessaxlesSpectral densitylcsh:QA1-939VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Mathematics: 410Axlevehicle performancelcsh:TA1-2040Control systemkinematic excitationlcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)businessAlgorithmcoherence functionfrequency compensation
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Coherence of Work Based Learning and Regional Development in Latvia

2014

Integration of young people into the labour market is an issue of a high priority. The youth unemployment problem has explicit links to the vocational education and training (VET) system. Since 2009 there is an ongoing reform in the Latvian VET system. In this respect also the role of local governments increases. The paper addresses the issue of introducing innovative approaches in the Latvian VET system. The aim of the study is to estimate the overall readiness of public administrations to implement VET reforms within regional economic development in the context of the EU and national strategic priorities.

EngineeringYouth unemploymentVET reform national strategic planning regional development youth work-based learningbusiness.industryLatvianContext (language use)Public administrationlanguage.human_languageEngineering managementRegional developmentVocational educationlanguageWork-based learningbusinessCoherence (linguistics)Economics and Business
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The structure of Antonovsky's Orientation to Life Questionnaire

1998

The present study investigated the structure of Antonovsky's (1987) short-form (13-item) Orientation to Life Questionnaire (OLQ). The OLQ was developed to measure sense of coherence, which consists of three interrelated components: meaningfulness, comprehensibility and manageability. Confirmatory factor analyses were carried out using data on three occupational groups (technical designers n = 989, teachers n = 1012, managers n = 1035). The factor analysis models were specified and compared in the study: (1) a first-order one-factor model; (2) a first-order correlated-three-factor model; and (3) a second-order model with three first-order factors. The results suggested that the first-order c…

Expectancy theoryOccupational groupPsychometricsValidation testAnalysis modelsTest validityPsychologySocial psychologyGeneral PsychologyConfirmatory factor analysisSense of coherencePersonality and Individual Differences
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On the interpretability and computational reliability of frequency-domain Granger causality

2017

This Correspondence article is a comment which directly relates to the paper “A study of problems encountered in Granger causality analysis from a neuroscience perspective” (Stokes and Purdon, 2017). We agree that interpretation issues of Granger causality (GC) in neuroscience exist, partially due to the historically unfortunate use of the name “causality”, as described in previous literature. On the other hand, we think that Stokes and Purdon use a formulation of GC which is outdated (albeit still used) and do not fully account for the potential of the different frequency-domain versions of GC; in doing so, their paper dismisses GC measures based on a suboptimal use of them. Furthermore, s…

FOS: Computer and information sciences0301 basic medicineTheoretical computer scienceImmunology and Microbiology (all)Computer scienceTime series analysiMathematics - Statistics TheoryStatistics Theory (math.ST)Statistics - ApplicationsGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyMethodology (stat.ME)Causality (physics)03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinegranger causalityGranger causalityCorrespondenceFOS: MathematicsApplications (stat.AP)Physiological oscillationGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsTime seriessignal processingStatistical Methodologies & Health Informaticsfrequency-domain connectivityReliability (statistics)Statistics - MethodologyInterpretabilityGranger-Geweke causalityBiochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all)Interpretation (logic)General Immunology and Microbiologybrain connectivityGeneral MedicineArticlesvector autoregressive models030104 developmental biologyMathematics and StatisticsWildcardVector autoregressive modelPharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (all)Frequency domaintime series analysisspectral decompositionSettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E InformaticaBrain connectivity; Directed coherence; Frequency-domain connectivity; Granger-Geweke causality; Physiological oscillations; Spectral decomposition; Time series analysis; Vector autoregressive models; Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all); Immunology and Microbiology (all); Pharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (all)directed coherence030217 neurology & neurosurgeryphysiological oscillations
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Probabilistic entailment in the setting of coherence: The role of quasi conjunction and inclusion relation

2013

In this paper, by adopting a coherence-based probabilistic approach to default reasoning, we focus the study on the logical operation of quasi conjunction and the Goodman-Nguyen inclusion relation for conditional events. We recall that quasi conjunction is a basic notion for defining consistency of conditional knowledge bases. By deepening some results given in a previous paper we show that, given any finite family of conditional events F and any nonempty subset S of F, the family F p-entails the quasi conjunction C(S); then, given any conditional event E|H, we analyze the equivalence between p-entailment of E|H from F and p-entailment of E|H from C(S), where S is some nonempty subset of F.…

FOS: Computer and information sciencesClass (set theory)Goodman–Nguyen’s inclusion relationQAND ruleSettore MAT/06 - Probabilita' E Statistica MatematicaComputer Science - Artificial IntelligenceMathematics - Statistics TheoryStatistics Theory (math.ST)Logical consequencegoodman-nguyen's inclusion relationTheoretical Computer ScienceArtificial IntelligenceQuasi conjunctionFOS: MathematicsEquivalence (measure theory)MathematicsEvent (probability theory)Discrete mathematicsSettore INF/01 - InformaticaApplied MathematicsProbability (math.PR)quasi conjunction; goodman-nguyen inclusion relation; qand rule; coherence; probabilistic default reasoning; p-entailment; goodman-nguyen's inclusion relationProbabilistic logicCoherence (statistics)Conjunction (grammar)Greatest elementArtificial Intelligence (cs.AI)Probabilistic default reasoninggoodman-nguyen inclusion relationp-EntailmentCoherenceSoftwareMathematics - Probability
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Depth-Adapted CNN for RGB-D cameras

2020

Conventional 2D Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) extract features from an input image by applying linear filters. These filters compute the spatial coherence by weighting the photometric information on a fixed neighborhood without taking into account the geometric information. We tackle the problem of improving the classical RGB CNN methods by using the depth information provided by the RGB-D cameras. State-of-the-art approaches use depth as an additional channel or image (HHA) or pass from 2D CNN to 3D CNN. This paper proposes a novel and generic procedure to articulate both photometric and geometric information in CNN architecture. The depth data is represented as a 2D offset to adapt …

FOS: Computer and information sciencesOffset (computer science)Computer scienceComputer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)Coordinate systemComputer Science::Neural and Evolutionary ComputationComputer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION02 engineering and technologyConvolutional neural network030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicine0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering[INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO]Computer visionInvariant (mathematics)business.industry[INFO.INFO-RB] Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO]020207 software engineeringWeightingSpatial coherenceComputer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionRGB color modelArtificial intelligencebusinessLinear filter
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Generalized Logical Operations among Conditional Events

2018

We generalize, by a progressive procedure, the notions of conjunction and disjunction of two conditional events to the case of n conditional events. In our coherence-based approach, conjunctions and disjunctions are suitable conditional random quantities. We define the notion of negation, by verifying De Morgan’s Laws. We also show that conjunction and disjunction satisfy the associative and commutative properties, and a monotonicity property. Then, we give some results on coherence of prevision assessments for some families of compounded conditionals; in particular we examine the Frechet-Hoeffding bounds. Moreover, we study the reverse probabilistic inference from the conjunction $\mathcal…

FOS: Computer and information sciencesSettore MAT/06 - Probabilita' E Statistica MatematicaComputer Science - Artificial IntelligenceComputer scienceMonotonic functionProbabilistic reasoning02 engineering and technologyCommutative Algebra (math.AC)Conditional random quantitieFréchet-Hoeffding boundCoherent extensionNegationArtificial IntelligenceQuasi conjunction0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringFOS: MathematicsCoherent prevision assessmentConditional eventNon-monotonic logicRule of inferenceCommutative propertyAssociative propertyDiscrete mathematicsProbability (math.PR)Probabilistic logicOrder (ring theory)ConjunctionMathematics - LogicCoherence (philosophical gambling strategy)p-entailmentProbabilistic inferenceMathematics - Commutative AlgebraConjunction (grammar)Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)020201 artificial intelligence & image processingInference ruleNegationLogic (math.LO)Mathematics - ProbabilityDisjunction
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