Search results for "Collapse"

showing 10 items of 159 documents

Stellar hydrodynamics with glaister's riemann solver: An approach to the stellar collapse

1990

La resolution de Remann approximee de la solution des equations d'Euler de la dynamique des gaz 1 D, developpee par Glaister P. (1988, J. Comput. Phys., 74) est introduite dans un code hydrodynamique lagrangien et appliquee a l'effondrement stellaire a symetrie spherique

Cauchy problemPhysicsNumerical AnalysisPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Applied MathematicsWhite dwarfGas dynamicsRiemann solverComputer Science ApplicationsComputational MathematicsSupernovasymbols.namesakeClassical mechanicsModeling and SimulationGravitational collapsesymbolsCircular symmetryStellar evolutionJournal of Computational Physics
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The Fall of Rome and the Decay of our Present Civilisation – A Repetitive Process? – The Decay of “Gods”

2014

Abstract Attacked and weakened, especially in the last three centuries, both from inside and outside, Rome and the Western Roman Empire will fall in 476 A.D. Actually, what were the causes? Hit and weakened by the present global economic-financial crises – and not only – our European civilisation faces some of the highest risks. Often, people say it is a real collapse. Are the causes of these falls – of the European-type civilisation – similar? And being familiar with Roman experience, how can we prevent such harmful processes? Further, we try to provide a few answers in this respect.

CivilizationHistorymedia_common.quotation_subjectHistory of economicsGeneral EngineeringEnergy Engineering and Power TechnologyTeaching of EconomicsAncient historyHistory of civilisationRoman EmpireEconomymedicineFall of manmedicine.symptomCollapse (medical)media_commonProcedia Economics and Finance
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Seismic evaluation of ordinary RC buildings retrofitted with externally bonded FRPs using a reliability-based approach

2020

International audience; Despite the extensive literature on reinforced concrete (RC) members retrofitted with fiberreinforced polymer (FRP) composites, few studies have employed a reliability-based approach to evaluate the seismic performance of RC buildings in terms of their collapse capacity and ductility. In this study, the performance of a poorly-confined RC building structure is investigated for different FRP retrofitting schemes using different configurations and combinations of wrapping and flange-bonded FRPs, as two well-established techniques. A nonlinear pushover analysis is then implemented with a computational reliability analysis based on Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) to deter…

Computer science02 engineering and technologyRetrofitting0203 mechanical engineeringRC buildings[PHYS.MECA.SOLID]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Solid mechanics [physics.class-ph]RetrofittingCollapse capacityDuctilityReliability (statistics)Civil and Structural EngineeringDuctilitybusiness.industryProbabilistic logicFailure modeStructural engineeringFibre-reinforced plastic021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyReliability020303 mechanical engineering & transportsLatin hypercube samplingCeramics and Composites0210 nano-technologybusinessMaterial propertiesFailure mode and effects analysisFRP
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Singularity formation in the Gross-Pitaevskii equation and collapse in Bose-Einstein condensates

2004

We study the mechanisms of collapse of the condensate wave function in the Gross-Pitaevskii theory with attractive interparticle interaction. We reformulate the Gross-Pitaevskii equation as Newton's equations for a flux of particles, and introduce the collapsing fraction of particles. We assume that this collapsing fraction is expelled from the condensate due to dissipation. Using this hypothesis we analyze the dependence of the collapse behavior on the initial conditions. We find that, for a properly chosen negative scattering length, the remnant fraction of atoms becomes larger when the initial aspect ratio of the condensate is increased.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysicsCondensed Matter::OtherCollapse (topology)Scattering lengthWave equationAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.inventionGross–Pitaevskii equationSingularityClassical mechanicsRadiation pressurelawWave functionBose–Einstein condensatePhysical Review A
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Collapse in the symmetric Gross–Pitaevskii equation

2004

A generic mechanism of collapse in the Gross–Pitaevskii equation with attractive interparticle interactions is gained by reformulating this equation as Newton's equation of motion for a system of particles with a constraint. 'Quantum pressure' effects give rise to formation of a potential barrier around the emerging singularity, which prevents a fraction of the particles from falling into the singularity. For reasonable initial widths of the condensate, the fraction of collapsing particles for spherically symmetric traps is found to be consistently about 0.7.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Equations of motionCollapse (topology)Atomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.inventionGross–Pitaevskii equationSingularityClassical mechanicslawRectangular potential barrierMatter waveWave functionBose–Einstein condensateJournal of Optics B: Quantum and Semiclassical Optics
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The transient gravitational-wave sky

2013

Interferometric detectors will very soon give us an unprecedented view of the gravitational-wave sky, and in particular of the explosive and transient Universe. Now is the time to challenge our theoretical understanding of short-duration gravitational-wave signatures from cataclysmic events, their connection to more traditional electromagnetic and particle astrophysics, and the data analysis techniques that will make the observations a reality. This paper summarizes the state of the art, future science opportunities, and current challenges in understanding gravitational-wave transients.

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Explosive materialmedia_common.quotation_subjectELECTROMAGNETIC COUNTERPARTSFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)01 natural sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologySPIN-DOWN LIMIT0103 physical sciencesPRESUPERNOVA EVOLUTIONCORE-COLLAPSE010306 general physics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsARMED SPIRAL INSTABILITYmedia_commonHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Astroparticle physicsPhysicsGAMMA-RAY BURSTSNEUTRINO PAIR ANNIHILATIONGravitational waveAstronomyMASS BLACK-HOLESUniverseBAR-MODE INSTABILITYInterferometrySkyData analysisTransient (oscillation)Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaDRIVEN SUPERNOVAgravitational waves neutron stars black holesAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic AstrophysicsClassical and Quantum Gravity
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Universal thermodynamic properties of the intracluster medium over two decades in radius in the X-COP sample

2018

The hot plasma in galaxy clusters is expected to be heated to high temperatures through shocks and adiabatic compression. The thermodynamical properties of the gas encode information on the processes leading to the thermalization of the gas in the cluster's potential well as well as non-gravitational processes such as gas cooling, AGN feedback and kinetic energy. In this work we present the radial profiles of the thermodynamic properties of the intracluster medium (ICM) out to the virial radius for a sample of 12 galaxy clusters selected from the Planck all-sky survey. We determine the universal profiles of gas density, temperature, pressure, and entropy over more than two decades in radius…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)galaxies: clusters: intracluster mediumDark matterPopulationFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysics01 natural sciencesdark matterVirial theoremsymbols.namesakeIntracluster medium0103 physical sciencesGravitational collapsePlanckAdiabatic processeducation010303 astronomy & astrophysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsGalaxy clusterPhysicseducation.field_of_study[SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Settore FIS/05010308 nuclear & particles physicsThermodynamical quantitiesAstronomy and AstrophysicsX-rays: galaxies: clusters; dark matter; galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium; galaxies: clusters: general; Thermodynamical quantitiesgalaxies: clusters: general13. Climate actionSpace and Planetary ScienceX-rays: galaxies: clustersastro-ph.COsymbols[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic AstrophysicsAstronomy & Astrophysics
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Similarity Solutions and Collapse in the Attractive Gross-Pitaevskii Equation

2000

We analyse a generalised Gross-Pitaevskii equation involving a paraboloidal trap potential in $D$ space dimensions and generalised to a nonlinearity of order $2n+1$. For {\em attractive} coupling constants collapse of the particle density occurs for $Dn\ge 2$ and typically to a $\delta$-function centered at the origin of the trap. By introducing a new dynamical variable for the spherically symmetric solutions we show that all such solutions are self-similar close to the center of the trap. Exact self-similar solutions occur if, and only if, $Dn=2$, and for this case of $Dn=2$ we exhibit an exact but rather special D=1 analytical self-similar solution collapsing to a $\delta$-function which …

Coupling constantPhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesCondensed Matter (cond-mat)Dirac delta functionCollapse (topology)FOS: Physical sciencesMathematical Physics (math-ph)Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)Condensed MatterSpace (mathematics)Nonlinear Sciences - Pattern Formation and SolitonsNonlinear systemsymbols.namesakeGross–Pitaevskii equationClassical mechanicssymbolsQuantum statistical mechanicsMathematical PhysicsVariable (mathematics)
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Boundary behavior of quasi-regular maps and the isodiametric profile

2001

We study obstructions for a quasi-regular mapping f : M → N f:M\rightarrow N of finite degree between Riemannian manifolds to blow up on or collapse on a non-trivial part of the boundary of M M .

Degree (graph theory)Mathematical analysisMathematics::Analysis of PDEsBoundary (topology)Collapse (topology)GeometryGeometry and TopologyMathematics::Differential GeometryMathematics::Geometric TopologyMathematics::Symplectic GeometryBoundary behavior.Quasi-regular mappingsMathematics
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Influence of design mistakes and material degradation on the collapse of a long-span RC roof in South Italy

2020

Abstract In 2004, during ordinary maintenance work, consisting in the waterproofing of a building located in the South of Italy, the long-span (14.50 m) in situ cast reinforced concrete (RC) roof partially collapsed. The building, constructed in 1950, was in service as a cinema up to 1967 and utilized as a school up to 1985. Finally, it was a hotel up to 2000. In 2004, when the building was not in service and underwent maintenance work, it partially collapsed under the dead load. After the collapse, which involved a large portion of the roof, several beams and two columns, the Court nominated a first Official Technical Consultant in order to investigate on the causes of failure and related …

Design mistakesEngineeringWaterproofingStructural systemCollapse (topology)020101 civil engineering02 engineering and technologyMaterial degradationSteel bar0201 civil engineering0203 mechanical engineeringNew roofForensic engineeringRetrofittingBuildingGeneral Materials ScienceRoofBond failurebusiness.industryGeneral EngineeringSettore ICAR/09 - Tecnica Delle Costruzioni020303 mechanical engineering & transportsWork (electrical)Structural loadbusinessSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle CostruzioniRC
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