Search results for "Collision"

showing 10 items of 908 documents

Modelling of rotations by using matrix solutions of nonlinear wave equations

2007

A family of matrix solutions of nonlinear wave equations is extended and its application to modelling is given. It is shown that a similarity transformation, induced by the matrix solution, is equivalent to the rotation. Matrix solutions are used for modelling helical motions and vortex rings, simultaneous rotations and particles collision, mapping contraction and pulsating spheres. Geometrical interpretation of the doubling of rotation angle in each step of sequential mapping contraction is given. First Published Online: 14 Oct 2010

mapping contractionanti‐commuting matricesMathematical analysisMatrix solutionparticles collisionCollisionrotationMatrix similarityVortex ringClassical mechanicsnonlinear wave equationNonlinear wave equationvortex ringModeling and SimulationQA1-939SPHERESmatrix solutionContraction (operator theory)AnalysisMathematicsMathematicsMathematical Modelling and Analysis
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Conditioning effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation evoking motor‐evoked potential on V‐wave response

2014

Abstract The aim of this study was to examine the collision responsible for the volitional V‐wave evoked by supramaximal electrical stimulation of the motor nerve during voluntary contraction. V‐wave was conditioned by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the motor cortex at several inter‐stimuli intervals (ISI) during weak voluntary plantar flexions (n = 10) and at rest for flexor carpi radialis muscle (FCR; n = 6). Conditioning stimulations were induced by TMS with intensity eliciting maximal motor‐evoked potential (MEPmax). ISIs used were ranging from −20 to +20 msec depending on muscles tested. The results showed that, for triceps surae muscles, conditioning TMS increased the V‐…

medicine.medical_specialtyPhysiologyChemistrymedicine.medical_treatmentFlexor carpi radialis muscleMotor nerveStimulationAudiologyantidromic collisionIntensity (physics)Transcranial magnetic stimulationbody regionsmedicine.anatomical_structurePhysiology (medical)transcranial magnetic stimulationmedicineflexor carpi radialisConditioningtriceps suraeEvoked potentialMotor cortexOriginal ResearchPhysiological Reports
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K∗(892)0 and ϕ(1020) production in Pb-Pb collisions at √sNN =2.76 TeV

2015

The yields of the K∗(892)0 and ϕ(1020) resonances are measured in Pb-Pb collisions at √sNN=2.76 TeV through their hadronic decays using the ALICE detector. The measurements are performed in multiple centrality intervals at mid-rapidity (|y|<0.5) in the transverse-momentum ranges 0.3<pT<5 GeV/c for the K∗(892)0 and 0.5<pT<5 GeV/c for the ϕ(1020). The yields of K∗(892)0 are suppressed in central Pb-Pb collisions with respect to pp and peripheral Pb-Pb collisions (perhaps due to rescattering of its decay products in the hadronic medium), while the longer-lived ϕ(1020) meson is not suppressed. These particles are also used as probes to study the mechanisms of particle production. The shape of t…

meson productionPb-Pb collisionsNuclear Experiment
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Mise en œuvre d’une architecture de gestion de collision pour le déploiement efficace d’un NoC sur multi-FPGA

2015

International audience; Le déploiement d’un NoC (Network On Chip) sur plusieurs FPGA nécessite que des routeurs partagent un même lien de communication entre FPGAs, créant des goulots d’étranglement [1]. Dans ce papier, nous proposons une structure de gestion de collision intégrée entre le NoC et le point d’accès du protocole FPGA. Cette structure est basée sur les algorithmes utilisés dans les réseaux informatiques et adaptée aux NoC [2].

multi-FPGAHardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS[INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems[ INFO.INFO-ES ] Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systemsgestion de collisionsalgorithme de BackoffNoC[INFO.INFO-ES] Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems
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Speed-Related Energy Flow and Joint Function Change During Human Walking.

2021

During human walking, mechanical energy transfers between segments via joints. Joint mechanics of the human body are coordinated with each other to adapt to speed change. The aim of this study is to analyze the functional behaviors of major joints during walking, and how joints and segments alter walking speed during different periods (collision, rebound, preload, and push-off) of stance phase. In this study, gait experiment was performed with three different self-selected speeds. Mechanical works of joints and segments were determined with collected data. Joint function indices were calculated based on net joint work. The results show that the primary functional behaviors of joints would n…

musculoskeletal diseasesmedicine.medical_specialtyHistologyComputer scienceBiomedical Engineeringhuman walkingBioengineeringenergy flowjoint functionbiomechanics03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineGait (human)Physical medicine and rehabilitationmedicineJoint (geology)Mechanical energyOriginal ResearchWork (physics)BiomechanicsBioengineering and Biotechnologyspeed030229 sport sciencesCollisionPreferred walking speedmedicine.anatomical_structureAnklehuman activities030217 neurology & neurosurgeryTP248.13-248.65BiotechnologyFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology
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Quantum Non-Markovian Piecewise Dynamics from Collision Models

2017

Recently, a large class of quantum non-Markovian piecewise dynamics for an open quantum system obeying closed evolution equations has been introduced [B. Vacchini, Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 230401 (2016)]. These dynamics have been defined in terms of a waiting-time distribution between quantum jumps, along with quantum maps describing the effect of jumps and the system's evolution between them. Here, we present a quantum collision model with memory, whose reduced dynamics in the continuous-time limit reproduces the above class of non-Markovian piecewise dynamics, thus providing an explicit microscopic realization.

non-Markovian dynamicsStatistics and ProbabilityLindblad equationFOS: Physical sciencesMarkov processnon-Markovian dynamic01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasOpen quantum systemsymbols.namesake0103 physical sciencesLimit (mathematics)Statistical physics010306 general physicsQuantumMathematical PhysicsPhysicsQuantum PhysicsStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsCollisioncollision model; Lindblad equation; non-Markovian dynamics; Open quantum system; Statistical and Nonlinear Physics; Statistics and Probability; Mathematical PhysicsDistribution (mathematics)Open quantum systemPiecewisesymbolscollision modelQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Realization (systems)Statistical and Nonlinear Physic
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Saturation and forward jets in proton-lead collisions at the LHC

2019

We investigate the forward-jet energy spectrum within the Color Glass Condensate framework at 5 TeV center-of-mass energy. In particular, we focus on the kinematic range covered by the CMS-CASTOR calorimeter. We show that our saturation-model calculations are compatible with the CASTOR measurements and that to optimally reproduce the data, effects of multi-parton interactions need to be included. We predict a significant nuclear suppression - reaching down to 50% at the lowest considered jet energies $E_{\rm jet} \sim 500 \, {\rm GeV}$.

nucl-thNuclear TheoryRAPIDITIESAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesNUCLEARhiukkasfysiikka01 natural sciences7. Clean energy114 Physical sciencesColor-glass condensateNuclear physicsNuclear Theory (nucl-th)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)0103 physical sciencesEnergy spectrumJ/PSI PRODUCTION010306 general physicsSaturation (magnetic)Nuclear theoryINELASTIC EP SCATTERINGParticle Physics - PhenomenologyPhysicsLarge Hadron Collider010308 nuclear & particles physicsCOLOR GLASS CONDENSATEhep-phHADRON-PRODUCTIONDEUTERON-GOLD COLLISIONSHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyNuclear Physics - TheoryHigh Energy Physics::Experiment
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Analysis of the apparent nuclear modification in peripheral Pb–Pb collisions at 5.02 TeV

2019

Charged-particle spectra at midrapidity are measured in Pb–Pb collisions at the centre-of-mass energy per nucleon–nucleon pair √sNN = 5.02 TeV and presented in centrality classes ranging from most central (0–5%) to most peripheral (95–100%) collisions. Possible medium effects are quantified using the nuclear modification factor (RAA) by comparing the measured spectra with those from proton–proton collisions, scaled by the number of independent nucleon–nucleon collisions obtained from a Glauber model. At large transverse momenta (8<pT <20GeV/c), the average RAA is found to increase from about 0.15 in 0–5% central to a maximum value of about 0.8 in 75–85% peripheral collisions, beyond which i…

nuclear modificationNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPb–Pb collisionsNuclear TheoryhiukkasfysiikkaNuclear Experimentydinfysiikka
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Investigations of Anisotropic Flow Using Multiparticle Azimuthal Correlations in pp, p-Pb, Xe-Xe, and Pb-Pb Collisions at the LHC

2019

Measurements of anisotropic flow coefficients ($v_n$) and their cross-correlations using two- and multi-particle cumulant methods are reported in collisions of pp at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV, p-Pb at $\sqrt{s_{_{\rm NN}}} = 5.02$ TeV, Xe-Xe at $\sqrt{s_{_{\rm NN}}} = 5.44$ TeV, and Pb-Pb at $\sqrt{s_{_{\rm NN}}} = 5.02$ TeV recorded with the ALICE detector. The multiplicity dependence of $v_n$ is studied in a very wide range from 20 to 3000 particles produced in the mid-rapidity region $|��|&lt;0.8$ for the transverse momentum range $0.2 &lt; p_{\rm T} &lt; 3.0$ GeV/$c$. An ordering of the coefficients $v_2 &gt; v_3 &gt; v_4$ is found in pp and p-Pb collisions, similar to that seen in large coll…

p p: scatteringheavy ion: scatteringcollectivehigh [multiplicity]FOS: Physical scienceshiukkasfysiikkatransverse momentumPhysics and Astronomy(all)[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]nucl-exHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)ALICEHeavy Ion Experimentsscattering [heavy ion]anisotropic flowscattering [p p]system-size dependence[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Nuclear Physics - Experimentddc:530LHC; ALICE; anisotropic flowNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Nuclear ExperimentNuclear Experimentp nucleus: scatteringNuclear Physicshep-exangular correlationmultiplicity: highscattering [p nucleus]heavy-ion collisionsmultiplicity: dependenceflow: anisotropy13000 GeV-cms/nucleon 5440 GeV-cms/nucleon 5020 GeV-cms/nucleonquark gluon plasmadependence [multiplicity]long-rangeCERN LHC CollLHCParticle Physics - Experimentanisotropy [flow]anisotropic flow heavy-ion collisions system-size dependence
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First measurement of quarkonium polarization in nuclear collisions at the LHC

2021

The polarization of inclusive J/$\psi$ and $\Upsilon(1{\rm S})$ produced in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV at the LHC is measured with the ALICE detector. The study is carried out by reconstructing the quarkonium through its decay to muon pairs in the rapidity region $2.5<y<4$ and measuring the polar and azimuthal angular distributions of the muons. The polarization parameters $\lambda_{\theta}$, $\lambda_{\phi}$ and $\lambda_{\theta\phi}$ are measured in the helicity and Collins-Soper reference frames, in the transverse momentum interval $2<p_{\rm T}<10$ GeV/$c$ and $p_{\rm T}<15$ GeV/$c$ for the J/$\psi$ and $\Upsilon(1{\rm S})$, respectively. The polarization parameter…

p(p)over-bar collisions ; j/psi production ; pp collisions ; suppression ; rapidity ; matterheavy ion: scatteringPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsVDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Fysikk: 430::Kjerne- og elementærpartikkelfysikk: 431P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONSQuarkoniumPb-Pb collisionshiukkasfysiikkanucl-ex01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)ALICE[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]J/psi(3100): polarizationNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Nuclear ExperimentNuclear ExperimentQuarkonium polarization ALICE nuclear collisionsquarkonium: polarizationPhysicsLarge Hadron ColliderPhysicsP(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; J/PSI PRODUCTION; PP COLLISIONS; SUPPRESSION; RAPIDITY; MATTERPolarization (waves)QuarkoniumHelicitylcsh:QC1-9993. Good healthCERN LHC Collpolarisaatio (aaltoliike)polarization [Upsilon(9460)]LHCParticle Physics - ExperimentquarkoniumReference frameNuclear and High Energy Physicsmuon: angular distributionFOS: Physical sciencespolarization [J/psi(3100)]transverse momentum[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]114 Physical sciencesNuclear physicsscattering [heavy ion]0103 physical sciencesmuon: pairpolarization [quarkonium]Nuclear Physics - Experimentddc:530RapidityJ/PSI PRODUCTION5020 GeV-cms/nucleon010306 general physicsSUPPRESSIONALICE experiment heavy-ion collisions quarkoniapolarizationMuonPP COLLISIONShep-ex010308 nuclear & particles physicsangular distribution [muon]High Energy Physics::PhenomenologyALICE experimentheavy-ion collisionsquarkoniapolarization quarkonium Pb-Pb collisionsUpsilon(9460): polarizationLHC-Bpair [muon]rapidityQuarkonium; LHC; Pb-Pb collisionsQuark–gluon plasmaHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentMATTERlcsh:Physicsexperimental results
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