Search results for "Colloid"

showing 10 items of 1288 documents

Testing of a model for the non linear electric behavior of polymeric materials

1980

Some experimental results relative to a molten polymer (a commercial polyisobutylene) in d.c. and a.c. tests are presented.

chemistry.chemical_classificationNonlinear systemColloid and Surface ChemistryMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticschemistryMaterials ChemistryPolymerPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryComposite materialColloid and Polymer Science
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Universal Transients in Polymer and Ionic Transition Metal Complex Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cells

2012

Two types of light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) are commonly distinguished, the polymer-based LEC (p-LEC) and the ionic transition metal complex-based LEC (iTMC-LEC). Apart from marked differences in the active layer constituents, these LEC types typically show operational time scales that can differ by many orders of magnitude at room temperature. Here, we demonstrate that despite these differences p-LECs and iTMC-LECs show current, light output, and efficacy transients that follow a universal shape. Moreover, we conclude that the turn-on time of both LEC types is dominated by the ion conductivity because the turn-on time exhibits the same activation energy as the ion conductivity…

chemistry.chemical_classificationOrganic solar cellChemistryAnalytical chemistryIonic bonding02 engineering and technologyGeneral ChemistryPolymerConductivityElectroluminescence010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesBiochemistryCatalysis0104 chemical sciencesElectrochemical cellIonColloid and Surface ChemistryChemical physicsIonic conductivity0210 nano-technologyJournal of the American Chemical Society
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Phase Separation of Colloid Polymer Mixtures Under Confinement

2013

Colloid polymer mixtures exhibit vapor-liquid like and liquid-solid like phase transitions in bulk suspensions, and are well-suited model systems to explore confinement effects on these phase transitions. Static aspects of these phenomena are studied by large-scale Monte Carlo simulations, including novel “ensemble switch” methods to estimate excess free energies due to confining walls. The kinetics of phase separation is investigated by a Molecular Dynamics method, where hydrodynamic effects due to the solvent are included via the multiparticle collision dynamics method.

chemistry.chemical_classificationPhase transitionComputer scienceMonte Carlo methodKineticsPolymerCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterSolventContact angleColloidMolecular dynamicschemistryChemical physicsPhase (matter)Thermodynamic limit
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Temperature triggered self-assembly of polypeptides into multivalent spherical micelles.

2007

We report herein thermally responsive elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs) in a linear AB diblock architecture with an N-terminal peptide ligand that self-assemble into spherical micelles when heated slightly above body temperature. A series of 10 ELP block copolymers (ELP(BC)'s ) with different molecular weights and hydrophilic-to-hydrophobic block ratios were genetically synthesized by recursive directional ligation. The self-assembly of these polymers from unimers into micelles was investigated by light scattering, fluorescence spectroscopy, and cryo-TEM. These ELP(BC)'s undergo two phase transitions as a function of solution temperature: a unimer-to-spherical micelle transition at an interm…

chemistry.chemical_classificationPhase transitionHot TemperatureLightChemistryCryoelectron MicroscopyTemperatureGeneral ChemistryPolymerBiochemistryKrafft temperatureMicelleCatalysisFluorescence spectroscopyArticleElastinCrystallographyColloid and Surface ChemistrySpectrometry FluorescenceCritical micelle concentrationCopolymerScattering RadiationSelf-assemblyPeptidesMicellesJournal of the American Chemical Society
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Phase behavior and elastic properties of a slightly crosslinked liquid crystalline main-chain polymer

1990

A liquid crystalline main-chain polymer was slightly crosslinked by a reaction withα, ω-difunctionalized oligo-siloxanes. Crosslinking does not disturb the liquid crystalline phases, which are identified by x-ray measurements as smecticB and smecticA phases. Measurements of the elastic properties of the crosslinked sample show rubber-like elasticity, even in the liquid crystalline phases. A difference of 7 K was found between cooling and heating for the smecticA/isotropic transition from DSC and mechanical measurements.

chemistry.chemical_classificationPhase transitionMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsIsotropyPolymerShear modulusColloid and Surface ChemistryDifferential scanning calorimetrychemistryChemical engineeringLiquid crystalX-ray crystallographyMaterials ChemistryOrganic chemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryElasticity (economics)Colloid & Polymer Science
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Structure and phase transitions of a liquid crystalline polymer

1981

The structures, textures as well as thermodynamic properties of a side chain polymer exhibiting a liquid crystalline phase in addition to a partially crystalline state and the isotropic fluid state were investigated. Furthermore the kinetics of phase transitions between these states were analyzed. It was found that the properties of this polymer are intermediate between that of low molecular weight liquid crystals and common polymers. In particular it was observed that the relation between the liquid crystalline texture and the structure is different from that of low molecular weight liquid crystals and that the properties of the crystalline and liquid crystalline state depend strongly on t…

chemistry.chemical_classificationPhase transitionMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsKineticsPolymereye diseasesPhysics::Fluid DynamicsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceCrystallographyColloid and Surface ChemistrychemistryChemical physicsLiquid crystalTacticityPhase (matter)Materials ChemistrySide chainsense organsTexture (crystalline)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryColloid and Polymer Science
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Counterion-Mediated Crossing of the Cyanine Limit in Crystals and Fluid Solution: Bond Length Alternation and Spectral Broadening Unveiled by Quantum…

2020

Absorption spectra of cyanine⊕·Br⊖ salts show a remarkable solvent dependence in non/polar solvents, exhibiting narrow, sharp band shapes in dichloromethane but broad features in toluene; this chan...

chemistry.chemical_classificationPhysics::Biological PhysicsQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesAbsorption spectroscopyGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryQuantum chemistryCatalysis0104 chemical sciencesCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterSolventchemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistryFluid solutionchemistryChemical physicsPhysics::Chemical PhysicsCounterionCyanineDoppler broadeningDichloromethane
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Composite soy lecithin–decylpolyglucoside vesicles: A theoretical and experimental study

2008

In the present work, vesicles made with soy lecithin and a commercial mixture of alkyl polyglucosides were prepared and characterized. Vesicles with a constant amount of soy lecithin and an increasing amount of a decylpolyglucoside surfactant, (OrNS10), were formulated and their physicochemical properties were studied with the aim to design a drug delivery system suitable for different applications. To this purpose, morphology, size distribution, ζ-potential and apparent viscosity of the prepared vesicles were studied. Vesicles were also characterized by using optical and light polarized microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and photon correlation spectroscopy. A stability study was …

chemistry.chemical_classificationPolarized light microscopyfood.ingredientChromatographyAPPARENT VISCOSITY QUITARVesicleDECYLPOLYGLUCOSIDELECITINAApparent viscosityΖ-POTENTIALLecithinVESICULASVESICLESchemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistryfoodchemistryDynamic light scatteringPulmonary surfactantPhosphatidylcholineLECITHINAlkylColloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects
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Molecular dynamics of solid polymers as revealed by deuteron NMR

1983

Pulsed deuteron NMR spectroscopy is described, which has recently been developed to become a powerful tool for studying molecular dynamics in solid polymers. It is shown that by analyzing the line shapes of2H absorption spectra and spectra obtained via solid echo and spin alignment, respectively, both type and timescale of rotational motions can be determined over an extraordinary wide range of characteristic frequencies, approximately 10 MHz to 1 Hz. By applying these techniques to selectively deuterated polymers, motional mechanisms involving different segments of the monomer unit can be monitored. In addition, motional heterogeneities in glassy polymers can be detected. The information a…

chemistry.chemical_classificationPolymers and PlasticsAnalytical chemistryPolymerNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyAmorphous solidCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matterchemistry.chemical_compoundMolecular dynamicsColloid and Surface ChemistrychemistrySolid-state nuclear magnetic resonanceChemical physicsMaterials ChemistryPolystyrenePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryGlass transitionPendant groupColloid & Polymer Science
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Oligoethyleneoxide spacer groups in polymerizable surfactants

1991

Cationic and zwitterionic polymerizable surfactants bearing tri- and tetraethyleneglycol spacer groups between the polymerizable moiety and the surfactant structure were prepared and polymerized. Monomers and polymers were investigated with respect to their aggregation behavior in aqueous systems and compared to analogous monomers and polymers lacking spacer groups. In the case of the monomeric surfactants, the spacer groups depress both the Kraffttemperature and the critical micelle concentration. the area occupied per molecule at the air-water interface is substantially enlarged by the spacers, whereas the depression of surface tension is nearly constant. Although the monomers with and wi…

chemistry.chemical_classificationPolymers and PlasticsCationic polymerizationPolymerMicelleKrafft temperaturechemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistryMonomerPulmonary surfactantchemistryCritical micelle concentrationddc:540Polymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryInstitut für ChemieMoietyPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryColloid & Polymer Science
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