Search results for "Colloid"

showing 10 items of 1288 documents

Two-dimensional model colloids and nano wires: phase transitions, effects of external potentials and quantum effects

2005

Abstract Quantum effects, structures and phase transitions in Nano-systems have been analyzed. An overview is given on the results of our computations on structural and elastic properties of model colloids, on phase transitions of model colloids in external fields, and on structural and electronic properties of stretched atomic wires.

Quantum phase transitionPhase transitionMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsComputationGeneral Physics and AstronomyConductanceDimensional modelingCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterColloidHardware and ArchitectureQuantum mechanicsNano-Electronic propertiesComputer Physics Communications
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Persistent electron-transfer state of a pi-complex of acridinium ion inserted between porphyrin rings of cofacial bisporphyrins

2006

A free-base cofacial bisporphyrin, H(4)DPOx, forms a pi-complex with acridinium ion (AcH(+)) by pi-pi interaction in benzonitrile (PhCN). Formation of the H(4)DPOx-AcH(+) pi-complex was probed by UV-vis and NMR spectroscopy. The binding constant between AcH(+) and H(4)DPOx is determined as 9.7 x 10(4) M(-)(1). Photoinduced electron transfer (ET) from the H(4)DPOx to the AcH(+) moiety occurred efficiently in the pi-complex to form the ET state (H(4)DPOx(*)(+)-AcH(*)). The ET state is successfully detected by laser flash photolysis. The lifetime of the ET state is 18 mus in PhCN at 298 K, and the quantum yield of the ET state is 90%. The temperature dependence of the ET state lifetime has bee…

Quantum yield010402 general chemistryPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryCatalysisPhotoinduced electron transferbisporphyrinchemistry.chemical_compoundElectron transferColloid and Surface Chemistry[ CHIM.ORGA ] Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistrypie-complexComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS010405 organic chemistry[CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistryGeneral ChemistryNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyPorphyrin0104 chemical sciences[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistryBenzonitrilechemistry[ CHIM.THEO ] Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistryFlash photolysisSteady state (chemistry)
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Kinetic solvent effects on the reaction of an aromatic ketone pi,pi* triplet with phenol. rate-retarding and rate-accelerating effects of hydrogen-bo…

2007

Quenching of the 2-benzoylthiophene π,π* triplet, 3BT*, by phenol yields the corresponding ketyl and phenoxyl radicals. Reaction rates were measured in 10 solvents having a range of hydrogen-bond acceptor strengths (β2H values). There appear to be two mechanisms:  (i) a bimolecular reaction of 3BT* with “free” (i.e., not H-bonded) phenol in which the 3BT* accepts both a proton and an electron from the phenol, the rate decreasing as β2H increases; (ii) a trimolecular reaction of 3BT* with phenol that is H-bonded to a solvent molecule, PhO−H···S, in which the proton goes to the S and the electron to the 3BT*, the rate increasing as β2H increases.

Quenching (fluorescence)ChemistryRadicalGeneral ChemistryPhotochemistryBiochemistryAcceptorCatalysisReaction ratechemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistryKetylPhenolPi interactionSolvent effectsJournal of the American Chemical Society
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Spin crossover phenomenon of a semi-fluorinated iron (II) complex organized in a Langmuir–Blodgett film

2000

Abstract A new amphiphilic iron (II) complex bearing semi-fluorinated chains has been organized in Langmuir and Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) films. This molecule forms a perfectly stable monolayer at the gas–water interface. Such a film can be transferred easily onto a solid substrate leading to well-defined multilayers. The spin crossover phenomenon occurring in this material has been studied by infrared spectroscopy and magnetization measurements. In the LB film architecture, the iron complex appears to be quenched in a high spin state. This quenching can be released after a thermal annealing and is therefore associated to the specific organization induced by the LB technique.

QuenchingMagnetizationLangmuirColloid and Surface ChemistrySpin statesSpin crossoverChemical physicsChemistryMonolayerInfrared spectroscopyPhotochemistryLangmuir–Blodgett filmColloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects
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A combined molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo study of the approach towards phase separation in colloid-polymer mixtures.

2011

A coarse-grained model for colloid-polymer mixtures is investigated where both colloids and polymer coils are represented as point-like particles interacting with spherically symmetric effective potentials. Colloid-colloid and colloid-polymer interactions are described by Weeks-Chandler-Andersen potentials, while the polymer-polymer interaction is very soft, of strength k(B)T/2 for maximum polymer-polymer overlap. This model can be efficiently simulated both by Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics methods, and its phase diagram closely resembles that of the well-known Asakura-Oosawa model. The static and dynamic properties of the model are presented for systems at critical colloid density, va…

RENORMALIZATIONPolymersMonte Carlo methodBiophysicsThermodynamicsSOFT MATTERMolecular Dynamics SimulationDiffusionColloidMolecular dynamicsFLUIDSCritical point (thermodynamics)PARTICLESGeneral Materials ScienceComputer SimulationColloidsAnisotropyPhase diagramchemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesModels StatisticalChemistryPhysicsPolymerCondensed Matter PhysicsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterShear rateKineticsSIMULATIONPERTURBATION-THEORYAnisotropyStress MechanicalPAIR POTENTIALSMonte Carlo MethodBEHAVIORINTERFACESAlgorithmsJournal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal
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Spectral Measurement of Photon Emission from Individual Gold Nanoparticles Using Scanning Tunneling Microscopy

2016

The light emission spectra of individual Au nanoparticles induced by a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) have been investigated. Two-dimensional ensembles of tunnel-coupled Au particles were prepared by thermal evaporation onto a native oxide silicon wafer in ultrahigh vacuum (10 – 9 mbar). Our STM measurements show a single peak at photon energy 1.6 eV in the tunneling mode and two peaks at 2.2 eV (connected with the Mie plasmon) and 1.45 eV (a new peak which was not discussed in literature before) in the field emission mode.

RadiationMaterials scienceGold nanoparticle010405 organic chemistrybusiness.industryAnalytical chemistryElectron-photon spectroscopy010402 general chemistryCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesElectrochemical scanning tunneling microscope0104 chemical scienceslaw.inventionPhoton emissionColloidal goldlawComputer Science::Systems and ControlCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityScanning ion-conductance microscopyOptoelectronicsGeneral Materials ScienceScanning tunneling microscopebusinessScanning tunneling microscope (STM)
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The contribution of hydrogen peroxide to the radiosensitizing effect of gold nanoparticles

2019

Abstract Plasmid DNA in aerated aqueous solution is used as a probe to determine whose of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated after absorption of ultra-soft X-rays (USX) take part in biomolecule damage in the presence and in absence of Gold Nano-Particles (GNP) and specific scavengers. Citrate-coated GNPs with core sizes of 6, 10 and 25 nm are synthetized and characterized, especially in terms of plasmon band shift, ζ-potential and hydrodynamic radii (respectively 9, 21 and 30 nm). We confirm the radiosensitizing effect of GNP and show that the SSB number per plasmid increases when, for a same mass of gold element, the core size of the gold nanoparticles decreases. Hydroxyl radicals…

Radiation-Sensitizing AgentsFormatesRadicalMetal Nanoparticles02 engineering and technologyPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesCitric AcidMetalchemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistryPyruvic Acid0103 physical sciences[CHIM]Chemical SciencesMoleculeDimethyl SulfoxideDNA Breaks Single-StrandedParticle SizeTromethaminePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryHydrogen peroxideComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSchemistry.chemical_classificationReactive oxygen speciesQuenching (fluorescence)Aqueous solution010304 chemical physicsHydroxyl RadicalX-RaysFree Radical ScavengersHydrogen PeroxideSurfaces and InterfacesGeneral Medicine021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologySolutionschemistryColloidal goldvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumGold0210 nano-technologyPlasmidsBiotechnologyColloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces
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Activity of laccase on unbleached and bleached thermomechanical pulp

2003

The introduction of value-added properties to pulp fibres is an attractive proposition. One interesting option is targeted modification of fibre surfaces by enzymatic activation. In this work, the activity of laccase on pulp and pulp fractions from thermomechanical pulp (TMP) and peroxide bleached TMP was studied on the basis of consumption of the co-substrate oxygen in the reaction and by studying the formation of radicals in the pulp material as analysed by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR). Laccases obtained from Trametes hirsuta and Myceliophthora thermophila were used in the study. Laccases were found to be active on pulp material of unbleached TMP, whereas only fines …

RadicalBioengineeringTrametes hirsutaengineering.materialApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyBiochemistryPeroxidelaw.inventionColloidchemistry.chemical_compoundstomatognathic systemlawOrganic chemistryElectron paramagnetic resonanceLaccaseActivity of laccase on pulpbiologyChemistryPulp (paper)LaccaseActivation of fibresbiology.organism_classificationstomatognathic diseasesengineeringBiotechnologyMyceliophthora thermophilaNuclear chemistry
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Photochemistry of HOSO2 and SO3 and Implications for the Production of Sulfuric Acid

2021

9 pags., 5 figs.

RadicalPhotodissociationContext (language use)Sulfuric acidGeneral ChemistryPhotochemistryBiochemistryCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistrychemistrySulfur trioxideReactivity (chemistry)Acid rainSulfur dioxideJournal of the American Chemical Society
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The mass load effect on the resonant acoustic frequencies of colloidal semiconductor nanoplatelets

2016

Resonant acoustic modes of ultrathin CdS and CdSe colloidal nanoplatelets (NPLs) with varying thicknesses were probed using low frequency Raman scattering. The spectra are dominated by an intense band ascribed to the thickness breathing mode of the 2D nanostructures. The measured Raman frequencies show strong deviations with respect to the values expected for simple bare plates, all the more so as the thickness is reduced. The deviation is shown to arise from the additional mass of the organic ligands that are bound to the free surfaces of the nanoplatelets. The calculated eigen frequencies of vibrating platelets weighed down by the mass of the organic ligands are in very good agreement wit…

Raman frequencies[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]NanostructureMaterials sciencebusiness.industryAnalytical chemistry02 engineering and technologyLow frequency010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesMolecular physicsSpectral line0104 chemical sciencessymbols.namesakeColloidSemiconductorEigen frequencysymbolsGeneral Materials Science0210 nano-technologybusinessComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSRaman scatteringNanoscale
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