Search results for "Composite"

showing 10 items of 4584 documents

Physico-chemical approaches in materials investigations

2023

Physico-chemical characterization is the keystone to fully understand the material properties. This topical issue has collected almost 30 contributions reflecting the latest developments on the topic. It includes, but is not limited to spectroscopic characterization, characterisation of materials by using neutrons as source, development of alternative synthetic routes of nanoparticles, microwave assisted synthesis, preparation of polymeric nanocomposites, archaeometric investigation of ancient materials.

Physico-chemical characterization polymeric nanocomposites archaeometric investigation of ancient materials.Settore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisica
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Fission and quasifission of composite systems with Z=108−120 : Transition from heavy-ion reactions involving S and Ca to Ti and Ni ions

2016

Background: Suppression of compound nucleus formation in the reactions with heavy ions by a quasifission process in dependence on the reaction entrance channel.

Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsFissionComposite number01 natural sciencesIonEntrance channelmedicine.anatomical_structureScientific method0103 physical sciencesmedicineHeavy ionAtomic physics010306 general physicsNucleusPhysical Review C
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The Global-Local Approach for Damage Detection in Composite Structures and Rails

2021

Structural components with waveguide geometry can be probed using guided elastic waves. Analytical solutions are prohibitive in complex geometries, especially in presence of structural discontinuities or defects. The Global-Local (GL) approach provides the solution by splitting the waveguide in “local” and “global” regions. The “local” region contains the part of the structure responsible for the complex scattering of an incident wave. What happens in this region cannot be reproduced analytically. The “global” region is regular and sufficiently far from the scatterer, in order to exploit known analytical wave propagation solutions. The proposed GL approach discretizes the local region by re…

PhysicsAircrafts Composite structures Damage detection Global-Local approach Guided waves Rails Scattering Semi-analytical finite element methodGuided waves scattering Global-Local approach damage detection semi-analytical finite element method composite structures aircrafts railsScatteringWave propagationMathematical analysisWaveguide (acoustics)KinematicsClassification of discontinuitiesSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle CostruzioniFinite element methodEnergy (signal processing)Spectral line
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Robust quantum control by a single-shot shaped pulse

2013

Considering the problem of the control of a two-state quantum system by an external field, we establish a general and versatile method allowing the derivation of smooth pulses which feature the properties of high fidelity, robustness, and low area. Such shaped pulses can be interpreted as a single-shot generalization of the composite pulse-sequence technique with a time-dependent phase.

PhysicsAtomsLimitsSingle shotInversionGeneral Physics and AstronomyQuantum controlLaserMoleculesLaserTopology01 natural sciencesNMR010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionComposite pulsesHigh fidelitylaw0103 physical sciencesQuantum systemExternal fieldInduced population transfer010306 general physicsBroad band excitation
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STRUCTURAL INSTABILITY IN FERROELECTRICS: SUPERIMPOSING HAMILTONIAN AND STOCHASTIC DYNAMICS

2008

ABSTRACT Structural instability of ferroelectrics distinguished by appearance of coexisting phases and spatial inhomogeneity is at variance with the predictions of statistics in the canonical ensemble. A more refined description includes ergodicity breaking which become apparent at critical temperature when the system resides in metastable state and its development lead to one of possible minimum energy states. In this study the domain growth and switching is reproduced within the framework of Fokker-Planck approach. The mathematical technique is developed for empiric Landau Hamiltonians and improved for application to first principles effective Hamiltonians with supercells and elementary l…

PhysicsCanonical ensembleErgodicityCondensed Matter PhysicsInstabilityElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialssymbols.namesakeStochastic dynamicsControl and Systems EngineeringLattice (order)MetastabilityMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositessymbolsEnergy levelStatistical physicsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Integrated Ferroelectrics
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Digital rock physics, chemistry, and biology: challenges and prospects of pore-scale modelling approach

2021

Abstract Conventional and unconventional hydrocarbon rocks have complicated pore structures with heterogeneities distributed over various length scales (from nanometre to centimetre or even larger scales). Effective characterization of the properties of such rocks based on their digital twins is a challenging task. Digital rock physics (DRP) can be used to quantify the structural and morphological parameters of rocks directly and predict flow transport properties at the pore scale. Digital rock chemistry (DRC) or biology (DRB) applies when the changes in pore structures are due to interaction with solutes or microbial activities. Fluid–rock interactions or microbial activities complicate fl…

PhysicsChemistryFlow (psychology)Direct numerical simulation010501 environmental sciencesBiology010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciencesPollutionCharacterization (materials science)Permeability (earth sciences)Geochemistry and PetrologyVoid (composites)Fluid dynamicsEnvironmental ChemistryPorosityBiological system0105 earth and related environmental sciencesNetwork modelApplied Geochemistry
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Analytical representations for relaxation functions of glasses

2002

Analytical representations in the time and frequency domains are derived for the most frequently used phenomenological fit functions for non-Debye relaxation processes. In the time domain the relaxation functions corresponding to the complex frequency dependent Cole-Cole, Cole-Davidson and Havriliak-Negami susceptibilities are also represented in terms of $H$-functions. In the frequency domain the complex frequency dependent susceptibility function corresponding to the time dependent stretched exponential relaxation function is given in terms of $H$-functions. The new representations are useful for fitting to experiment.

PhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesFunction (mathematics)Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural NetworksCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsExponential functionFrequency domainMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesRelaxation (physics)Time domainStatistical physicsSusceptibility function
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Coreless Vortices in Rotating Two-Component Quantum Droplets

2008

The rotation of a quantum liquid induces vortices to carry angular momentum. When the system is composed of multiple components that are distinguishable from each other, vortex cores in one component may be filled by particles of the other component, and coreless vortices form. Based on evidence from computational methods, here we show that the formation of coreless vortices occurs very similarly for repulsively interacting bosons and fermions, largely independent of the form of the particle interactions. We further address the connection to the Halperin wave functions of non-polarized quantum Hall states.

PhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesAngular momentumCondensed matter physicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyFermionQuantum Hall effectVortexCondensed Matter - Other Condensed MatterClassical mechanicsTotal angular momentum quantum numberMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Composite fermionWave functionOther Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)Boson
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Vortices in quantum droplets: Analogies between boson and fermion systems

2010

The main theme of this review is the many-body physics of vortices in quantum droplets of bosons or fermions, in the limit of small particle numbers. Systems of interest include cold atoms in traps as well as electrons confined in quantum dots. When set to rotate, these in principle very different quantum systems show remarkable analogies. The topics reviewed include the structure of the finite rotating many-body state, universality of vortex formation and localization of vortices in both bosonic and fermionic systems, and the emergence of particle-vortex composites in the quantum Hall regime. An overview of the computational many-body techniques sets focus on the configuration interaction …

PhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum Gasesta214Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsta114quantum dropletsta221vorticesGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesFermionQuantum Hall effectVortexMany-body problemQuantum dotQuantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)Quantum mechanicsComposite fermionMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Condensed Matter - Quantum GasesQuantumta218BosonREVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS
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Low-energy excitations from interacting tunneling units in the mean-field approximation

1991

Abstract The low-energy excitation spectrum of dilute concentrations of interacting tunneling quadrupoles randomly distributed in a non-polar medium was studied in the mean-field approximation. In particular the case of six-orientational tunneling quadrupoles (TQs) with a r−3 (elastic) interaction was considered. Because of the random position of the TQs, the internal field in a random variable and for relatively low concentrations has a Lorenzian probability distribution. The low-energy density of states is a constant and the low-energy excitations arise from the large internal fields, i.e. strongly interacting tunneling quadrupoles. The low-energy excitations were compared with those obta…

PhysicsCondensed matter physicsField (physics)Condensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMean field theoryMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesDensity of statesVirial expansionProbability distributionAtomic physicsRandom variableQuantum tunnellingExcitationJournal of Non-Crystalline Solids
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