Search results for "Comprehension"
showing 10 items of 475 documents
The Role of Language in the Relationship between Emotion Comprehension and Theory of Mind in Preschool Children
2019
For several decades, there has been an interest in understanding how Emotion Comprehension (EC) and Theory of Mind (ToM) are related during the preschool years. In addition, the links between language and ToM (Astington & Baird, 2005; Schick, de Villiers, de Villiers, & Hoffmeister, 2007) and language and EC (Cutting & Dunn, 1999; Hughes, White, & Ensor, 2014; Pons, Lawson, Harris, & de Rosnay, 2003) have been studied. Numerous studies have highlighted the important role played of language in ToM (Astington & Jenkins, 1999). For some authors, the specific properties of language are necessary for the development of ToM, and not only those related to age and neurological maturity (de Villiers…
Differentiating among pragmatic uses of words through timed sensicality judgments
2013
Pragmatic and cognitive accounts of figurative language posit a difference between metaphor and metonymy in terms of underlying conceptual operations. Recently, other pragmatic uses of words have been accounted for in the Relevance Theory framework, such as approximation, described in terms of conceptual adjustment that varies in degree and direction with respect to the case of metaphor. Despite the theoretical distinctions, there is very poor experimental evidence addressing the metaphor/metonymy distinction, and none concerning approximation. Here we used meticulously built materials to investigate the interpretation mechanisms of these three phenomena through timed sensicality judgments.…
Using eye-movement modelling examples to improve critical reading of multiple webpages on a conflicting topic
2022
This project investigates the effects of an EMME intervention on undergraduates' sourcing when reading conflicting multiple texts on the Internet. Dependent variables: eye-movements on SERP, webs header, texts authors, and texts; use of source information in summaries; ideas from texts in summaries.
Scaffolding self-regulated learning from causal-relations texts: Diagramming and self-assessment to improve metacomprehension accuracy?
2023
AbstractThe accuracy of students’ relative comprehension judgments when reading texts is typically rather low. This has been ascribed to students grounding their comprehension judgments on cues that are not diagnostic of their actual comprehension level. Asking students to complete causal diagrams—a diagramming scaffold—before judging comprehension has proved effective in providing them with more diagnostic cues and thereby fostered metacomprehension accuracy and self-regulated learning. However, there is still room for improvement. We investigated experimentally whether adding the instruction to students to self-assess their causal diagrams: (1) would lead to more accurate judgments than c…
Physical activity and sedentary time in relation to academic achievement in children
2017
Objectives To investigate the independent and combined associations of objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time (ST) with reading and arithmetic skills. Design Cross-sectional/prospective. Methods Participants were 89 boys and 69 girls aged 6–8 years. MVPA and ST were measured using a combined heart rate and movement sensor and body fat percentage by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in Grade 1. Reading fluency, reading comprehension, and arithmetic skills were assessed using standardized tests in Grades 1–3. The data were analyzed using linear regression analyses and analyses of covariance with repeated measures. Results In boys, MVPA was directl…
In search of equivalence - translation problems in international literacy studies
2002
Lasītpratības attīstīšana pamatskolas klasēs latviešu valodas un literatūras stundās attālinātajā mācību procesā
2021
Lasītpratība ir pastāvīgi pilnveidojama kompetence, lai skolēns sekmīgi apgūtu mācību saturu visos mācību priekšmetos. Kompetenču pieeja paredz pašvadītu mācīšanos, ko aktualizējis attālināto mācību periods. Pašvadīta mācīšanās nav īstenojama, ja skolēnam ir grūtības izprast lasīto. Skolēnu lasītpratības attīstībai pamatskolā ir izteikti starpdisciplinārs raksturs – tā pilnveidojama ne tikai latviešu valodas un literatūras stundās, bet arī citos mācību priekšmetos. Diplomdarba mērķis ir apzināt un izpētīt metodes un metodiskās pieejas, kas izmantojamas lasītpratības attīstīšanai pamatskolā latviešu valodas un literatūras stundās attālinātajā mācību procesā un aprobēt tās. Diplomdarbā apkopo…
Lasīšanas Detektīvi Skolēnu Lasītprasmes (Lasītpratības) Pilnveidei Angļu valodas stundās 7.klasē
2020
Diplomdarba autores pieredze liecina, ka salīdzinoši neliels pētījumu skaits Latvijā veikts saistībā ar skolēnu lasītpratības mērījumiem svešvalodā. No otras puses, līdzīgi pētījumi ik gadu tiek veikti un ir zināmi kā starptautiskie lasītprasmes novērtēšanas pētījumi (PIRLS), kur tiek noteiktas lasīšanas spējas sākumskolas skolēniem. Taču oficiālu datu par kopējo lasītprasmes līmeni pusaudžiem, lasot svešvalodā, ir nepietiekami. Tā kā svešvalodas apguve ir saistīta ar dzimtās valodas izpratni, tiek uzsvērta metakognitīvā pieeja un kā viena no metakognitīvām stratēģijām minēti ir lasīšanas detektīvi. To fokuss ir kognitīvās stratēģijas, kas parādās skolēnam sastopoties ar izaicinošu tekstu. …
Comprehension of Generalized Conversational Implicatures by Children With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder
2018
This study evaluates the comprehension of generalized conversational implicatures (GCI) in children with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD), using a GCI test constructed based on the Levinson model, which distinguishes between three types of implicatures: type Q (or scalar: “what is not referred to does not occur”); type I (“by default, it is not necessary to say what can be assumed”); and type M (“if someone is expressing something in a not very simple or marked way, it is because s/he is describing a situation that is not very typical, frequent, or prototypical”). In addition to the ASD group (n = 22), two comparison groups were utilized: a group matched on chronological age with …
Interventions for Improving Reading Comprehension in Children with ASD: A Systematic Review.
2021
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often have comorbid learning difficulties in reading comprehension, an essential skill in accessing any area of the curriculum. The aim of this systematic review is to analyze the effectiveness of reading comprehension interventions in students with ASD. We conducted a search for scientific articles published from 2000 to 2019 using the keyword “autis*” in combination with the terms “reading comprehension” and “intervention” or “instruction” in Psyc Info and Scopus databases. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 25 studies were selected. The content analysis of these studies shows that when specific interventions are carrie…