Search results for "Computer Science Application"

showing 10 items of 3998 documents

A non-parametric segmentation methodology for oral videocapillaroscopic images

2014

We aim to describe a new non-parametric methodology to support the clinician during the diagnostic process of oral videocapillaroscopy to evaluate peripheral microcirculation. Our methodology, mainly based on wavelet analysis and mathematical morphology to preprocess the images, segments them by minimizing the within-class luminosity variance of both capillaries and background. Experiments were carried out on a set of real microphotographs to validate this approach versus handmade segmentations provided by physicians. By using a leave-one-patient-out approach, we pointed out that our methodology is robust, according to precision-recall criteria (average precision and recall are equal to 0.9…

Jaccard indexComputer scienceHealth InformaticsWavelet analysisMathematical morphologyStandard deviationCross-validationOral videocapillaroscopyWaveletImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansSegmentationComputer visionMouthSettore INF/01 - Informaticabusiness.industryMicrocirculationNonparametric statisticsReproducibility of ResultsModels TheoreticalCapillariesComputer Science ApplicationsMathematical morphologyLeave-one-out cross-validationArtificial intelligencebusinessPrecision and recallNon-parametric image segmentationAlgorithmsSoftware
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The Impact of Java Applications at Microarchitectural Level from Branch Prediction Perspective

2009

The portability, the object-oriented and distributed programming models, multithreading support and automatic garbage collection are features that make Java very attractive for application developers. The main goal of this paper consists in pointing out the impact of Java applications at microarchitectural level from two perspectives: unbiased branches and indirect jumps/calls, such branches limiting the ceiling of dynamic branch prediction and causing significant performance degradation. Therefore, accurately predicting this kind of branches remains an open problem. The simulation part of the paper mainly refers to determining the context length influence on the percentage of unbiased bran…

JavaComputer Networks and CommunicationsComputer scienceIndirect branchContext (language use)Parallel computingArityBranch predictorComputer Science ApplicationsSoftware portabilityInheritance (object-oriented programming)Computational Theory and MathematicscomputerGarbage collectioncomputer.programming_languageInternational Journal of Computers Communications & Control
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A theoretical model for laser and powder particles interaction during laser cladding

2002

Abstract Interactions between the laser and the powder particles lead to attenuation of the laser and make the powder particles temperatures raise. According to given stream spread and speed of the powder particles, their temperature distribution at the surface of the workpiece is calculated. The attenuation of the laser induced by the cloud is also computed. These results are plotted for the case of a Gaussian distribution. Results show that with the increasing of the powder jet incidence angle, both temperature distribution of powder particles and attenuation of the laser have very different profiles. Their effects on the clad should be considered for modelling of laser cladding.

Jet (fluid)Materials sciencebusiness.industryAttenuationGaussianMetals and AlloysPhysics::OpticsLaserIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringComputer Science Applicationslaw.inventionCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencesymbols.namesakeOpticslawCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityModeling and SimulationCeramics and CompositessymbolsCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsPhysics::Atomic PhysicsbusinessJournal of Materials Processing Technology
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A FAST Method to Achieve Flexible Production Programming Systems

2008

One of the main critical problems in manufacturing system domains is the production scheduling process, because an agile and reactive production planning and scheduling system is essential in manufacturing. The production scheduling process is a complex problem in which finding a suitable production scheduling can greatly increase the effectiveness of highly flexible production processes. Nevertheless, this high flexibility makes the production scheduling and acquisition of relevant data quite complicated. Therefore, there is a strong demand for a universal and flexible tool for production scheduling capable of increasing the utilization of resources and that supports a decision-making proc…

Job shop schedulingComputer scienceDistributed computingReal-time computingFlexible manufacturing systemScheduling (production processes)Dynamic priority schedulingFair-share schedulingComputer Science ApplicationsScheduling (computing)Human-Computer InteractionProduction planningControl and Systems EngineeringGenetic algorithm schedulingTwo-level schedulingScalabilityResource managementElectrical and Electronic EngineeringSoftwareInformation SystemsIEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C (Applications and Reviews)
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Progress towards innovative and energy efficient logic circuits

2020

Abstract The integration of superconductive nanowire logic memories and energy efficient computing Josephson logic is explored. Nanowire memories are based on the integration of switchable superconducting nanowires with a suitable magnetic material. These memories exploit the electro-thermal operation of the nanowires to efficiently store and read a magnetic state. In order to achieve proper memory operation a careful design of the nanowire assembly is necessary, as well as a proper choice of the magnetic material to be employed. At present several new superconducting logic families have been proposed, all tending to minimize the effect of losses in the digital Josephson circuits replacing …

Josephson effectHistoryJosephson junctionsComputer scienceNanowireHardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITYInductorSQUIDEducationlaw.inventionlawCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityHardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITSElectronic circuitHardware_MEMORYSTRUCTURESSettore FIS/03business.industryLogic familyElectrical engineeringSuperconductive nanowire logic memoriesComputer Science ApplicationsLogic gateState (computer science)ResistorbusinessSuperconductive nanowire logic memories; Josephson junctions; SQUIDHardware_LOGICDESIGN
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Noise stabilization effects in models of interdisciplinary physics

2009

Metastability is a generic feature of many nonlinear systems, and the problem of the lifetime of metastable states involves fundamental aspects of nonequilibrium statistical mechanics. The investigation of noise-induced phenomena in far from equilibrium systems is one of the approaches used to understand the behaviour of physical and biological complex systems. The enhancement of the lifetime of metastable states through the noise enhanced stability effect and the role played by the resonant activation phenomenon will be discussed in models of interdisciplinary physics: (i) polymer translocation dynamics; (ii) transient regime of FitzHugh-Nagumo model; (iii) market stability in a nonlinear …

Josephson effectPhysicsmetastability in quantum systemsHistorystatistical mechanics complex systems noiseSettore FIS/02 - Fisica Teorica Modelli E Metodi MatematiciComplex systemStatistical mechanicsNoise (electronics)noise-induced phenomena; out-of-equilibrium phenomena; metastability in quantum systemsComputer Science ApplicationsEducationHeston modelNonlinear systemMetastabilityStatistical physicsout-of-equilibrium phenomenaQuantumnoise-induced phenomena
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Inducing Strong Non-Linearities in a Phonon Trapping Quartz Bulk Acoustic Wave Resonator Coupled to a Superconducting Quantum Interference Device

2018

International audience; A quartz Bulk Acoustic Wave resonator is designed to coherently trap phonons in such a way that they are well confined and immune to suspension losses so they exhibit extremely high acoustic Q-factors at low temperature, with Q × f products of order 10¹⁸ Hz. In this work we couple such a resonator to a Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) amplifier and investigate effects in the strong signal regime. Both parallel and series connection topologies of the system are investigated. The study reveals significant non-Duffing response that is associated with the nonlinear characteristics of Josephson junctions. The nonlinearity provides quasi-periodic structu…

Josephson effect[SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/OtherPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsPhononphonon trappingFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologySQUID01 natural sciencesSignallcsh:Technologylaw.inventionlcsh:ChemistryResonatorlaw0103 physical sciencesnon-linear couplingMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)low noise oscillatorGeneral Materials Science010306 general physicsInstrumentationlcsh:QH301-705.5Fluid Flow and Transfer ProcessesPhysicsCondensed matter physicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicslcsh:TProcess Chemistry and TechnologyAmplifierGeneral EngineeringInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologylcsh:QC1-999Computer Science ApplicationsSQUIDNonlinear systemlcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999lcsh:TA1-2040BAW Resonator; SQUID; phonon trapping; low noise oscillator; non-linear couplingBAW Resonator0210 nano-technologylcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)Crystal oscillatorlcsh:Physics
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A model integrating the cerebellar granule neuron excitability and calcium signaling pathways

2004

Abstract The activation of various intracellular biochemical pathways is influenced by the electroresponsiveness of the neuron. There exists a close and constant co-operation between the membrane-bound cellular functions and intracellular signaling. This work aims at integrating the biophysical and biochemical data available for the cultured cerebellar granule neuron. The models of calcium-protein kinase C signaling pathways are combined with the model of the granule neuron excitability. The latter model can be used to provide the realistic stimulus for the signaling pathway models. The integrated model makes it possible to explore the participation of intracellular mechanisms in the neuron…

KinaseChemistryCognitive NeuroscienceCellular functionsStimulus (physiology)Computer Science Applicationsmedicine.anatomical_structureGranular cellnervous systemArtificial IntelligencemedicineNeuronSignal transductionNeuroscienceIntracellularCalcium signalingNeurocomputing
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Kromos: Ontology based information management for ICT societies

2009

Over the last few years, several projects for the development of innovative systems capable of collecting and sharing information have been carried out, following the increasing companies' interest on a correct knowledge management. ICT companies' managers have realized that knowledge and its management, more than the mere data, constitute fundamental part of their activities. This paper proposes a Knowledge Management System whose main feature is an underlying ontological knowledge representation. This data representation allows the specialization of the reasoning capabilities and the provision of ad hoc behaviors. The system has been designed for the management of projects and processes a…

Knowledge management systemOntologyKnowledge managementSoftware reuseComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionRule-base processingSoftware
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Towards Implementation of OMOP in a German University Hospital Consortium

2018

Background In 2015, the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research initiated a large data integration and data sharing research initiative to improve the reuse of data from patient care and translational research. The Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) common data model and the Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics (OHDSI) tools could be used as a core element in this initiative for harmonizing the terminologies used as well as facilitating the federation of research analyses across institutions. Objective To realize an OMOP/OHDSI-based pilot implementation within a consortium of eight German university hospitals, evaluate the applicability to support dat…

Knowledge management020205 medical informaticsComputer scienceHealth InformaticsTranslational research02 engineering and technologycomputer.software_genreVocabularyTerminologyGermanHospitals University03 medical and health sciencesOHDSI0302 clinical medicineHealth Information ManagementGermanySurveys and QuestionnairesHealth careOutcome Assessment Health Care0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringHumans030212 general & internal medicineCooperative Behaviordata integrationbusiness.industrysecondary useHealth Plan Implementationlanguage.human_languageComputer Science ApplicationsData sharingGeneral partnershipInformaticslanguagebusinesscomputerData integrationResearch ArticleOMOPApplied Clinical Informatics
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