Search results for "Condition"

Conditioned taste aversion in rats for a threonine-deficient diet

2000

Rats avoid a diet that is deficient in one or more essential amino acids (EAAs). This phenomenon is thought to involve the development of a "learned aversion" for the sensory properties or spatial placement associated with the deficient diet. The dietary self-selection technique has been widely used to show this avoidance of the deficient diet. Because avoidance does not necessarily imply taste aversion, we used the Taste Reactivity Test initially created by Grill and Norgren (1978) to analyze the affective reactivity pattern of rats that ingested a threonine-deficient diet. The results showed that there was an increase in the aversive responses when ingesting the threonine-deficient (Thr-D…

Changes in ewe milk fatty acids following turning out to pasture

2008

Abstract Ten Comisana dairy ewes were selected to observe time of changing in milk fatty acids as a result of switching from stall to pasture feeding. At first, ewes were subjected to a stall-feeding period of 30 days (pre-experimental phase). After which, ewes were abruptly turned out to a vetch and oats pasture as their sole feed (experimental phase). Individual milk samples were collected on experimental days 0 (the last day of stall feeding), 1–4, 8, 11, 17 and 23. Milk and feeds fatty acid composition was determined by gas chromatography. The sudden passage from a stall to a pasture diet significantly modified the fatty acid profile of ewe milk. Medium- and long-chain fatty acids were …

Glial Swelling and Damage by Arachidonic Acid

1994

Arachidonic acid (AA) is a major constituent of membrane phospholipids in brain tissue. Normally, the free fatty acid is present only in small amounts, but it accumulates under adverse conditions such as ischemia (Kinouchi et al. 1990). The release of free fatty acids involves activation of phospholipases and breakdown of membrane phospholipids. A A in particular is considered to mediate pathological processes. It is a polyunsaturated compound and precursor of prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and oxygen-derived free radicals (Wolfe 1982). In cerebral ischemia concentrations of free AA of up to 0.5mM/kg were found (Kinouchi et al. 1990). But also brain injury and seizures cause increased levels…

Electrical tree growth in EVA-layered silicate nanocomposites

2006

This work deals with the growth of electrical treeing in different EVA-layered silicate nanostructured compounds. The experimental activity evidenced that the intercalated nanocomposites have longer lifetimes than pure EVA under the same constant AC stress conditions. A monitoring of the tree growth morphology allowed to evidence very interesting features of the intercalated nano-compounds showing a barrier effect to the treeing path. A preliminary investigation on the possible arrangement of the filler particles inside the matrix was also carried out.

Decontamination of tissue conditioning materials for removable dentures: an in vitro study

2018

Improving on the Development of the Downtown Area as a Direction for the Spatial Policy of Opole

2018

Śródmieście stanowi niezwykle cenny, historycznie ukształtowany obszar zabudowy mieszkaniowo- usługowej. W polityce przestrzennej miasta zbyt mało uwagi poświęca się jednak zachowaniu bądź kształtowaniu odpowiednich warunków życia mieszkańców śródmieść przy jednoczesnym uwzględnieniu i ochronie walorów kompozycyjno-estetycznych. Powszechny chaos w zagospodarowaniu terenów śródmiejskich i brak odpowiednich regulacji w gospodarce przestrzennej prowadzi do powstawania licznych konfliktów i w efekcie do wycofywania się funkcji mieszkaniowej z centrum miasta. Celem artykułu jest zidentyfikowanie problemów występujących w śródmieściu oraz wykazanie, że możliwe jest poprawienie warunków życia mies…

A single bout of physical exercise does not affect young adults’ executive functions

2020

Summary Study aim. The purpose of the current study is to determine the impact of single bouts of physical exercise of different duration and intensity on young adults’ executive functions. Material and methods. The study employed 81 participants (37 females, 44 males) ranging between 19 and 39 years (mean age: 24.6 ± 4.08 years; mean height: 168 ± 9.67 cm; mean weight: 67.2 ± 13.0 kg). The executive functions were assessed through the Stroop task, the Tower of London test, and the Corsi block test. Participants were randomly assigned to one of the three experimental conditions (30-second Wingate test condition, an incremental intensity exercise test, and a submaximal constant-intensity tes…

Competition Advocacy: Soft Power in Competitive Policy

2013

Abstract Changing market conditions stimulate modernization of criteria, norms and standards of competition regulation and methods of enforcement. Competition advocacy is a type of activity exercised by antimonopoly authorities to strengthen competitive environment without enforcement measures, through developing active cooperation with other government bodies and increasing the degree of understanding of the benefits of competition by the community.

Rotor bar breakage data obtained from fatigue test

2019

The data hereby provided was acquired during a fatigue test developed at the Department of Electrical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València (Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain) in 2011 by PhD student Vicente Climente-Alarcon under supervision of Prof. Martin Riera-Guasp. The fatigue test involved subjecting a 1.5 kW, 1 pole pair induction motor to severe cycling until a bar breakage naturally developed. The cycling consisted of a Direct-on-line (DOL) startup followed by a stationary operation period of at least 10 seconds. A plug stopping was added at the later stages of the test. To maximize the possible damage to the rotor cage, a high load inertia caused heavy (long) s…

R&D subsidies and productivity in SMEs

2015

This paper examines the effect of R&D subsidies on labour productivity. We use firm-level data on Finnish SMEs from 2000 to 2012 and apply a combined matching and difference-in-differences method to control for selection bias. We find no significant positive effect on labour productivity over the five-year period after a subsidy is granted. However, the results vary over time and indicate a 2–4 % negative effect on SMEs’ annual productivity growth one to 2 years after the subsidy year. Nevertheless, subsidies generate a positive employment effect and enhance firm survival. Additional scrutiny reveals that subsidies positively affect the human capital level of low-skill firms. peerReviewed