Search results for "Condition"
showing 10 items of 2530 documents
Individual Endurance Training Prescription with Heart Rate Variability
2016
Introduction: Measures of HR variability (HRV) have shown potential to be of use in training prescription. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of using HRV in endurance training prescription. Methods: Forty recreational endurance runners were divided into the HRV-guided experimental training group (EXP) and traditional predefined training group (TRAD). After a 4-wk preparation training period, TRAD trained according to a predefined training program including two to three moderate- (MOD) and high-intensity training (HIT) sessions per week during an 8-wk intensive training period. The timing of MOD and HIT sessions in EXP was based on HRV, measured every mornin…
Effects of post-extinction l-DOPA administration on the spontaneous recovery and reinstatement of fear in a human fMRI study
2015
Relapse is a pertinent problem in the treatment of anxiety disorders. In the laboratory, relapse is modeled as return of conditioned fear responses after successful fear extinction and is explained by insufficient retrieval and/or expression of the fear-inhibitory extinction memory that is generated during extinction learning. We have shown in mice and humans that return of fear can be prevented by administration of a single dose of the dopamine precursor l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA) immediately after extinction. In mice, this effect could be attributed to an enhancement of extinction memory consolidation. In our human study, we could not exclude that l-DOPA might have acted by int…
Perceived Stress and Its Relationship with Chronic Medical Conditions and Multimorbidity among 229,293 Community-Dwelling Adults in 44 Low- and Middl…
2017
In this study, we assessed the association of chronic medical conditions and multimorbidity with perceived stress among community-dwelling adults in 44 low- and middle-income countries. Data from the World Health Survey (2002-2004), including 229,293 adults, were analyzed. A perceived stress score (range, 0 (lowest stress)-100 (highest stress)) was computed on the basis of 2 questions from the Perceived Stress Scale. Eleven chronic conditions were assessed.Multivariable linear regression analyses were conducted to explore the associations. All chronic conditions were associated with significantly higher mean perceived stress scores, with the exception of edentulism. The associations were pa…
Conditioning hops increase triceps surae muscle force and Achilles tendon strain energy in the stretch-shortening cycle
2018
Postactivation potentiation can improve athletic performance, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. This study investigated the effect of conditioning hops on triceps surae muscle force and tendon strain and its contribution to potentiated stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) performance. Thirty-two subjects participated in two experiments. In both experiments, subjects performed three drop jumps (DJs) after prior conditioning with 10 maximal hops, three unconditioned DJs served as control. Ground reaction forces, kinematics, and triceps surae electromyographic activity were recorded. Ultrasound imaging was used to determine fascicle lengths (FASC) of the gastrocnemius (GM) and sol…
Postactivation potentiation can counteract declines in force and power that occur after stretching.
2016
Stretching can decrease a muscle's maximal force, whereas short but intense muscle contractions can increase it. We hypothesized that when combined, postactivation potentiation induced by reactive jumps would counteract stretch-induced decrements in drop jump (DJ) performance. Moreover, we measured changes in muscle twitch forces and ankle joint stiffness (KAnkle ) to examine underlying mechanisms. Twenty subjects completed three DJs and 10 electrically evoked muscle twitches of the triceps surae subsequent to four different conditioning activities and control. The conditioning activities were 10 hops, 20s of static stretching of the triceps surae muscle, 20s of stretching followed by 10 ho…
Do elite endurance athletes report their training accurately?
2013
Purpose:The purpose of this study was to validate the accuracy of self-reported (SR) training duration and intensity distribution in elite endurance athletes.Methods:Twenty-four elite cross-country skiers (25 ± 4 y, 67.9 ± 9.88 kg, 75.9 ± 6.50 mL · min−1 · kg−1) SR all training sessions during an ~14-d altitude-training camp. Heart rate (HR) and some blood lactate measurements were collected during 466 training sessions. SR training was compared with recorded training duration from HR monitors, and SR intensity distribution was compared with expert analysis (EA) of all session data.Results:SR training was nearly perfectly correlated with recorded training duration (r = .99), but SR training…
Effectiveness of High-Frequency Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Physical Exercise in Women With Fibromyalgia: A Randomized Controlled Trial
2020
Abstract Objective Fibromyalgia (FM) is characterized by chronic widespread pain and both physical and emotional alterations, which in turn may affect the individual’s quality of life. Thus, interventions aimed at treating such symptoms, without increasing fatigue, are needed. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of high-frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF-TMS) and physical exercise (PE) on pain, impact of FM, physical conditioning, and emotional status in women with FM. Methods Forty-nine women with FM were randomly allocated to: (1) a PE group (PEG, n = 16), who underwent an 8-week (two 60-minute sessions/wk) low-intensity PE program; (2) a TMS group (TMSG, n = 17) …
Genetic Imbalances in Precursor Lesions of Endometrial Cancer Detected by Comparative Genomic Hybridization
2000
Endometrial hyperplasia is regarded as a precursor lesion of endometrioid adenocarcinomas of the endometrium. The genetic events involved in the multistep process from normal endometrial glandular tissue to invasive endometrial carcinomas are primarily unknown. We chose endometrial hyperplasia as a model for identifying chromosomal aberrations occurring during carcinogenesis. Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was performed on 47 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens of endometrial hyperplasia using the microdissection technique to increase the number of tumor cells in the samples and reduce contamination from normal cells. CGH analysis revealed that 24 out of 47 (51%) samples ha…
Eutopic endometrium from women with endometriosis does not exhibit neurotrophic properties
2012
The role of neurotrophins in eutopic endometrium from endometriosis-patients was investigated in a prospective study using immunofluorescence-staining, Western blot and a neuronal growth assay. The nerve growth factor is expressed in primary endometrial cell culture from women with and without endometriosis. Western blot analysis of endometrial biopsies or uterine fluid from patients with and without endometriosis shows no difference in the neurotrophin expression. We could not find a difference between patients with and without endometriosis with regards to the neurite outgrowth of sensory ganglia when treated with conditioned cultured medium or uterine fluid. This result refutes the assum…
Immunohistochemical localization of filaggrin in benign, premalignant and malignant cervical tissue.
1994
Epithelial distribution of filaggrin, a histidine-rich protein related to squamous terminal differentiation, was investigated in 87 cervical biopsies using an avidin-biotin-peroxidase technique with a monoclonal anti-human filaggrin antibody (AKH1). Normal squamous cervical epithelium exhibited a positive homogeneous immunoperoxidase stain in the upper parabasal, intermediate and superficial cell layers. Similar findings were obtained in cervical condylomas, although full-thickness staining was observed in 35.7% of the cases (P < 0.001). Filaggrin expression in CIN was inversely related to the severity of the lesion (P < 0.001). An irregular staining pattern was present in most high-grade C…