Search results for "Confined"

showing 5 items of 65 documents

Dynamics of supercooled confined water measured by deep inelastic neutron scattering

2017

In this paper, we present the results of deep inelastic neutron scattering (DINS) measurements on supercooled water confined within the pores (average pore diameter ~ 20 Å) of a disordered hydrophilic silica matrix obtained through hydrolysis and polycondensation of the alkoxide precursor Tetra-Methyl-Ortho-Silicate via the sol-gel method. Experiments were performed at two temperatures (250 K and 210 K, i.e., before and after the putative liquid–liquid transition of supercooled confined water) on a “wet” sample with hydration h ~ 40% w/w, which is high enough to have water-filled pores but low enough to avoid water crystallization. A virtually “dry” sample at h ~ 7% was also inve…

liquid-liquid transitionMaterials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)HydrogenThermodynamicschemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyNeutron scatteringKinetic energy01 natural sciencesInelastic neutron scatteringMomentumchemistry.chemical_compoundsilica xerogelconfined water0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsSupercoolingliquid–liquid transitionSettore FIS/07021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyconfined water; hydrogen mean kinetic energy; liquid–liquid transition; silica xerogel; Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Settore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)chemistryhydrogen mean kinetic energyAlkoxideWater of crystallization0210 nano-technology
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Preparation of Nd:YAG Nanopowder in a Confined Environment

2007

Nanopowder of yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG, Y3Al5O12) doped with neodymium ions (Nd:YAG) was prepared in the water/cetyltrimethylammonium bromide/1-butanol/n-heptane system. Aluminum, yttrium, and neodymium nitrates were used as starting materials, and ammonia was used as a precipitating agent. Coprecipitate hydroxide precursors where thermally treated at 900 degrees C to achieve the garnet phase. The starting system with and without reactants was characterized by means of the small-angle neutron scattering technique. The system, without reactants, is constituted by a bicontinuous structure laying near the borderline with the lamellar phase region. The introduction of nitrates stabilizes th…

nanopowderswide angle x-ray scatteringAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementMineralogyNeodymiummicroemulsionsYAG [Nd]Lamellar phasePhase (matter)transmission electron microscopyElectrochemistryGeneral Materials ScienceMicroemulsionYAG; nanopowders; syntheisi in confined environment; microemulsions; wide angle x-ray scattering; transmission electron microscopy; photoluminescence spectroscopy [Nd]Wide-angle X-ray scatteringSpectroscopySurfaces and InterfacesYttriumCondensed Matter PhysicsSmall-angle neutron scatteringchemistrysyntheisi in confined environmentphotoluminescence spectroscopyTransmission electron microscopyNdYAG microemulsion synthesis in confined environmentLangmuir
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Ge quantum well plasmon-enhanced quantum confined Stark effect modulator

2014

ABSTRACTWe theoretically and experimentally investigate a novel modulation concept on silicon (Si) based on the combination of quantum confinement and plasmon enhancement effects. We experimentally study the suitability of Ge/SiGe quantum wells (QWs) on Si as the active material for a plasmon-enhanced optical modulator. We demonstrate that in QW structures absorption and modulation of light with transverse magnetic (TM) polarization are greatly enhanced due to favorable selection rules. Later, we theoretically study the plasmon propagation at the metal-Ge/SiGe QW interface. We design a novel Ge/SiGe QW structure that allows maximized overlap between the plasmonic mode and the underlying Ge/…

optical propertiesMaterials scienceoptical; optical properties; optoelectronic; Materials Science (all); Condensed Matter Physics; Mechanical Engineering; Mechanics of MaterialsSolid-state physicsCondensed matter physicsMechanical EngineeringQuantum-confined Stark effectPhysics::OpticsCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectPolarization (waves)Condensed Matter PhysicsQuantum technologyOptical modulatorQuantum dotMechanics of MaterialsopticalMaterials Science (all)optoelectronicQuantum wellPlasmon
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Application of Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy to Cultural Heritage: characterization and preservation of ancient paper artwork

2016

Within the cultural heritage the characterization and conservation of artworks based on paper represents a significant issue for both restorers and scientists. The paper deterioration is affected by the degree of hydrolytic and oxidative reactions which occur upon aging. Moreover, the durability of cellulose fibers depends on the intrinsic composition/structure of the paper as well as on the conservation conditions, such as temperature and humidity. The structural and dynamical characterization of the cellulose matrix and of the water confined within its pores is therefore of central interest. Our working hypothesis is that WATER DYNAMICS is one of the main determinants of paper degradation…

paper artworks characterization conservation cellulose matrix confined water water dynamics halloysite nanotubes broadband dielectric spectroscopySettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)
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Entrapment of a linear water pentamer into a uranyl-salophen dimer in the solid state

2019

In the solid state, uranyl-salophen complex 1, decorated with bipyridyl sidearms, self-assembles from moist acetonitrile into dimeric species displaying a confined water pentamer, as observed by X-...

self-assembly; single crystal X-ray diffraction; uranyl-salophen complexes; Water clusters010405 organic chemistryPentamerDimerSolid-stateGeneral Chemistryself-assembly010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesEntrapmentchemistry.chemical_compoundWater clusterschemistryUranyl salophenPolymer chemistrySelf-assemblyuranyl-salophen complexesConfined waterAcetonitrilesingle crystal X-ray diffraction
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