Search results for "Consumer Protection"
showing 10 items of 42 documents
プラットフォーム・エコノミーにおける 弱者保護
2020
はじめに 一 プラットフォーム・エコノミーにおけるバーゲニングパワー (1) 能力向上プロセスの評価:インターネットの台頭から P2P 取引へ (2) プラットフォーム・エコノミーにおいて弱者は存在するか? 二 ピア・ツー・ピア・エコノミーのための法的枠組 (1) 標準約款契約についての調査 (2) プラットフォームとその利用者 (3) ピア・ツー・ピア取引 結語-プラットフォーム・エコノミーの弱者を如何に保護するか (Japanese) Known by many names – platform, sharing, peer-to-peer (p2p), collaborative economy, and so on - entirely new business models have emerged in recent years, whereby online platforms use digital technologies to connect distinct groups of users in order to facilitate transactions for the exchange of assets and services. This dramatic shift in business organisation and market structure has opened an intense debate on the persisting need for those regulatory measures that typica…
European Union legislation on macroalgae products
2021
AbstractMacroalgae-based products are increasing in demand also in Europe. In the European Union, each category of macroalgae-based products is regulated separately. We discuss EU legislation, including the law on medicinal products, foods including food supplements and food additives, feed and feed additives, cosmetics, packaging materials, fertilizers and biostimulants, as well as biofuels. Product safety and consumer protection are the priorities with any new products. Macroalgae products can be sold as traditional herbal medicines. The novel food regulation applies to macroalgae foods that have not previously been used as food, and organic macroalgae are a specific regulatory category. …
LA DIR. 2020/1828/UE SULLE AZIONI RAPPRESENTATIVE E IL “SISTEMA DELLE PROVE”. LA PROMOZIONE DELL’INTERESSE PUBBLICO ATTRAVERSO LA TUTELA DEGLI INTERE…
2022
The EU Directive 2020/1828 is the arrival point of a troubled harmo-nization process on collective techniques for consumers’ protection, no longer limited to injunctive measures but also extended to redress ones. The essay focuses on the two provisions dedicated, respec-tively, to the binding effects of jurisdictional/ administrative decisions as well as to the exhibition orders. The Author stresses how, through those legislative measures and despite the uncertainties still related to the ongoing implementation process, a European Regulatory Pri-vate Law enforcement is being shaped more and more oriented to the consistency between its “private” and “public”dimension.
Peer to Consumer Lending
2022
Peer to consumer lending represents an alternative form of financing characterized, within the crowdfunding genus, by the collecting of credit offers to be matched with borrowing demand through a digital platform. The essay focuses on legal analysis of some aspects of the structure and the functioning of lending marketplaces operating in the sector at stake. The Author argues how this business model – especially when the phenomenon involves consumers and, more generally, non-professionals counterparts – may be critical as regards to the classical cathegories and concepts ruling the lending/borrowing discourse.
Criticità della tutela dei dati scientifici nel regolamento sui nuovi alimenti anche alla luce della disciplina in materia di benessere degli animali
2021
Il regolamento (UE) 2283/2015 sui novel food rappresenta un’evoluzione nella protezione dei dati scientifici relativi ai nuovi prodotti alimentari. La normativa, sviluppata sul modello offerto dal regolamento (UE) 1924/2006 in materia di indicazioni nutrizionali e sulla salute, garantisce una protezione quinquennale dei dati scienti ci e delle prove pro- dotte dal richiedente in sede di domanda di autorizzazione di un nuovo prodotto ex art. 10 del regolamento (UE) 2283/2015. La previsione di un termine quinquennale di tutela se, secondo taluni, può risultare troppo breve per rappresentare un vero incentivo per compiere investimenti in ricerca e sviluppo da parte delle imprese; d’altra part…
The ECJ configuration of an EU constitutional procedural status for consumer protection
2019
Abstract This paper aims to study the configuration of a constitutional procedural status for consumers in the European Court of Justice case law. Although we can see Consumer Protection primary as an instrument to develop the EU internal market, it is also a relevant instrument to define the Individual Economic Status of EU citizens and residents as equality players in the EU market. Firstly, we will point out our motivation and objectives of the paper. After that we will explain our methodology, and we will study the EU regulation bases and the concept of consume. Finally, we will analyse the relevant case law which developed the EU constitutional procedural status for EU consumers. Keyw…
Critical Assessment of European Agenda for the Collaborative Economy, on behalf of European Parliament. In-Depth Analysis for the IMCO Committee
2017
The research paper describes the main legal challenges for regulating the collaborative economy and evaluates the definition of, and elucidates how the existing body of EU law applies to collaborative economy business models. In the last part, the paper elaborates on how a regulatory framework for non- professional provision of services and prosumers should look like and makes a few concrete proposals for future policies. This paper was commissioned by the Policy Department A for Economic, Scientific and Quality of Life Policies upon request of the European Parliament ́s Committee on the Internal Market and Consumer Protection.
Safety assessment of food-contact paper and board using a battery of short-term toxicity tests: European union BIOSAFEPAPER project.
2005
International audience; An European Union (EU)-funded project QLK1-CT-2001-00930 (BIOSAFEPAPER) involves the development, validation and intercalibration of a short-term battery of toxicological tests for the safety assessment of food-contact paper and board. Dissemination of the results to industry, legislators (e.g. DG Consumer Protection, DG Enterprises, DG Research), standardization bodies such as CEN, and consumers will create an agreed risk evaluation procedure. The project involves pre-normative research in order to establish a set of in-vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity tests that will be easily adaptable to food-contact fibre-based materials and have endpoints relevant to consume…
Consumer Protection in E-Commerce Transactions: A First Comparison between European Law and Islamic Law
2009
The article compares EU and Islamic law with reference to consumer protection in e-commerce transactions.