Search results for "Contaminants."
showing 10 items of 55 documents
Immunity and inflammatory responses in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) exposed to sub-lethal mixture of carbamazepine, cadmium chloride and pol…
2020
Chemical contaminants such as industrial and urban by-products, pharmaceuticals, drugs metabolites and, plastics, are continuously found in the oceans, affecting its quality and organism's welfare. Although these compounds are found at concentrations ranged ng L−1, there is an increasing concern about the potential adverse effects of the interactions among those substances present, simultaneously, in a mixture. In the present study, specimens of sea bream (Sparus aurata) were exposed, by food, to rising concentrations of a mixture of carbamazepine, polybrominated diphenyl ether-47 and cadmium chloride, for 15 days and then, maintained, with the same control diet, without contaminants, for o…
Report of the Scientific Committee of the Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition (AESAN) on the presence and safety of plastics as contaminants…
2020
* This record is given in both English and Spanish. The use of plastics is widespread in both industry and domestic life as food packaging material and as a material that comes into contact with food. Therefore, plastics and their environmental impact, especially in the marine environment, arouse great interest and concern. Microplastics have been the focus of most of the studies carried out so far due to their growing presence in the natural environment and their potential to be transferred between trophic levels. It is necessary not only to make an exhaustive assessment of the presence of microplastics in the environment and food, but also of their effects on human’s health. This report a…
Application of LA-ICP-MS as a rapid tool for analysis of elemental impurities in active pharmaceutical ingredients.
2014
The control of inorganic contaminants in active pharmaceutical ingredients has a significant role in the quality control of drug products. The concentration limits for metal residues in drug products have been defined by various regulatory guidelines. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) is a powerful and fast analytical technique for multi-elemental analysis. A disadvantage in using LA-ICP-MS method is the lack of matrix reference materials for validation and calibration purposes. This article focuses on the handling strategy of laboratory-made matrix calibration standards for the quantification of elemental impurities in an active pharmaceutical ingredie…
Serum concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the inhabitants of a Sicilian city.
2012
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides are common environmental contaminants that have been associated with human health problems. OBJECTIVES: To assess serum concentrations of several organochlorine contaminants in general population living in a city with an ancient agricultural tradition and to identify possible exposure sources in Sicily. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 101 individuals. Each participant answered a face-to-face questionnaire submitted by well-trained personnel and provided a serum sample which was analyzed for the concentrations of PCBs, HCB, HCHs and DDTs by using gas-chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. RESULTS: HCB, p…
Multivariate Metal-Organic Frameworks for the Simultaneous Capture of Organic and Inorganic Contaminants from Water
2019
We report a new water-stable multivariate (MTV) Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) prepared by combining two different oxamide-based metalloligands derived from the natural amino acids L-serine and L-methionine. This unique material features hexagonal channels decorated with two types of flexible and functional 'arms' (-CH2OH and -CH2CH2SCH3) capable to act, synergistically, for the simultaneous and efficient removal of both inorganic (heavy metals like Hg2+, Pb2+ and Tl+) and organic (dyes such as Pyronin Y, Auramine O, Brilliant Green and Methylene Blue) contaminants and, in addition, this MTV-MOF is completely reusable. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) measurements allowed to solve th…
Contaminant-induced oxidative stress underlies biochemical, molecular and fatty acid profile changes, in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.)
2023
: Chemical contaminants such as heavy metals, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and drugs, are constantly found in the marine environment determining the interest of the scientific community for their side effects on animal welfare, food safety and security. Few studies have analyzed the effects of mix of contaminants in fish, in terms of molecular and nutritional composition response, beside it is indispensable to think more and more on effect of contaminants along the food web system. In this study, Sparus aurata specimens were exposed for 15 days, by diet, to a mixture of carbamazepine (Cbz), polybrominated diphenyl ether-47 (PBDE-47) and cadmium chloride (CdCl2), at two doses (0.37…
Critical review: Grand challenges in assessing the adverse effects of contaminants of emerging concern on aquatic food webs
2019
Much progress has been made in the past few decades in understanding the sources, transport, fate, and biological effects of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in aquatic ecosystems. Despite these advancements, significant obstacles still prevent comprehensive assessments of the environmental risks associated with the presence of CECs. Many of these obstacles center around the extrapolation of effects of single chemicals observed in the laboratory or effects found in individual organisms or species in the field to impacts of multiple stressors on aquatic food webs. In the present review, we identify 5 challenges that must be addressed to promote studies of CECs from singular exposure e…
Analysis of emerging contaminants and nanomaterials in plant materials following uptake from soils
2017
The reuse of treated wastewater or wastewater-impacted river water is growing, particularly in arid areas, due to the climate change. As well, the disposal of sludges, biosolids or biochar as soil amendments to improve agricultural output is widely implemented in the EU. These practices can be a source of emerging contaminants and engineering nanomaterials (ENMs) to the environment and condition their incorporation to food chain that could affect human beings. This review covers current analytical techniques, instruments and methodologies used to determine emerging contaminants and ENMs from irrigation water and/or soil amendments in plants. Trends regarding sample treatment, separation and…
Gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy techniques for the detection of chemical contaminants and residues in foods
2017
Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is a cornerstone for qualitative and quantitative analysis of food contaminants and residues. It is fast and sensitive, provides a high peak capacity, and allows determination of thermally stable and volatile compounds. Recent research has resulted in better chromatographic columns and methods for sample preparation that enable a significant expansion of the application range of GC-MS, profiling strategies for sample characterization being identified as important future drivers. Newer detection/separation solutions, such as fast chromatography, comprehensive two-dimensional GC (GC × GC), triple quadrupole MS, time-of-flight MS or orbitrap, atmosp…
Immunoanalytical approaches for the control of xenobiotics and biotoxins in food
2020
[ES] El control efectivo de la calidad y seguridad de los alimentos requiere de métodos analíticos que garanticen la determinación fiable de cualquier sustancia potencialmente perjudicial para el consumidor que pueda estar presente en el alimento antes de su distribución y comercialización. Una de las aproximaciones analíticas que contribuye a garantizar este objetivo engloba una serie de técnicas que tienen en común la utilización de anticuerpos como elementos esenciales para la detección del analito diana, y que en conjunto reciben el nombre de métodos inmunoquímicos. Este artículo pretender aportar una visión básica de los principios bioquímicos subyacentes a estas tecnologías y cuáles…