Search results for "Continuous"

showing 10 items of 899 documents

Pulsed EPR analysis of tooth enamel samples exposed to UV and gamma-radiations

2011

Abstract The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy is widely applied for retrospective dosimetric purposes by means of quantitative detection of radicals in tooth enamel and bone samples. In this work we report a study by cw and pulsed EPR on two samples of human tooth enamel respectively irradiated by UV (254 nm) and γ-exposed. The continuous wave (cw) EPR spectra have shown the usual presence in both samples of two types of CO 2 − radicals, with axial and orthorombic g tensors. We have obtained the electron spin echo detected EPR (ED-EPR) spectra at 80 K of the two samples, and we have shown that they are suitable to mark the difference between the effects produced by the dif…

RadiationEnamel paintESR dosimetryPulsed EPR dosimetry tooth enamelChemistryPulsed EPRAnalytical chemistryESR spectroscopyTooth enamelSpectral linelaw.inventiontooth enamelmedicine.anatomical_structureNuclear magnetic resonancelawvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediummedicineContinuous waveIrradiationESR spectroscopy; tooth enamel; ESR dosimetrySpectroscopyElectron paramagnetic resonanceInstrumentation
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On Regulated Solutions of Impulsive Differential Equations with Variable Times

2020

In this paper we investigate the unified theory for solutions of differential equations without impulses and with impulses, even at variable times, allowing the presence of beating phenomena, in the space of regulated functions. One of the aims of the paper is to give sufficient conditions to ensure that a regulated solution of an impulsive problem is globally defined.

Regulated functionDifferential equationlcsh:MathematicsGeneral Mathematics010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysisSolution set02 engineering and technologyimpulsive problem with variable timeslcsh:QA1-939Space (mathematics)01 natural sciencessolution setregulated functionregulated function solution set discontinuous function impulsive problem with variable timesSettore MAT/05 - Analisi Matematicadiscontinuous function0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringComputer Science (miscellaneous)020201 artificial intelligence & image processing0101 mathematicsUnified field theoryEngineering (miscellaneous)MathematicsVariable (mathematics)Mathematics
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On a step method and a propagation of discontinuity

2019

In this paper we analyze how to compute discontinuous solutions for functional differential equations, looking at an approach which allows to study simultaneously continuous and discontinuous solutions. We focus our attention on the integral representation of solutions and we justify the applicability of such an approach. In particular, we improve the step method in such a way to solve a problem of vanishing discontinuity points. Our solutions are considered as regulated functions.

Regulated functionIntegral representationregulated function discontinuous function retarded differential equation delay Kurzweil-Stieltjes integral breaking pointsDifferential equationComputer scienceApplied Mathematics010102 general mathematicsMathematicsofComputing_NUMERICALANALYSIS01 natural sciences010101 applied mathematicsComputational MathematicsDiscontinuity (linguistics)Settore MAT/05 - Analisi MatematicaApplied mathematics0101 mathematicsFocus (optics)Step methodComputational and Applied Mathematics
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Nonlinear multivalued Duffing systems

2018

We consider a multivalued nonlinear Duffing system driven by a nonlinear nonhomogeneous differential operator. We prove existence theorems for both the convex and nonconvex problems (according to whether the multivalued perturbation is convex valued or not). Also, we show that the solutions of the nonconvex problem are dense in those of the convex (relaxation theorem). Our work extends the recent one by Kalita-Kowalski (JMAA, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa. 2018.01.067).

RelaxationMathematics::General TopologyPerturbation (astronomy)34A60 34B1501 natural sciencesMathematics - Analysis of PDEsContinuous and measurable selectionNonlinear differential operatorSettore MAT/05 - Analisi MatematicaClassical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)FOS: Mathematics0101 mathematicsMathematicsApplied Mathematics010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysisRegular polygonFixed pointDifferential operatorDuffing system010101 applied mathematicsNonlinear systemMathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEsAnalysisConvex and nonconvex problemAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications
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Existence and Relaxation Results for Second Order Multivalued Systems

2021

AbstractWe consider nonlinear systems driven by a general nonhomogeneous differential operator with various types of boundary conditions and with a reaction in which we have the combined effects of a maximal monotone term $A(x)$ A ( x ) and of a multivalued perturbation $F(t,x,y)$ F ( t , x , y ) which can be convex or nonconvex valued. We consider the cases where $D(A)\neq \mathbb{R}^{N}$ D ( A ) ≠ R N and $D(A)= \mathbb{R}^{N}$ D ( A ) = R N and prove existence and relaxation theorems. Applications to differential variational inequalities and control systems are discussed.

RelaxationPure mathematicsPartial differential equationApplied Mathematics010102 general mathematicsMaximal monotone mapOrder (ring theory)Differential operator01 natural sciencesOptimal control010101 applied mathematicsNonlinear systemMonotone polygonSettore MAT/05 - Analisi MatematicaContinuous and measurable selectionsVariational inequalityConvex and nonconvex problemsRelaxation (physics)Boundary value problem0101 mathematicsMathematicsActa Applicandae Mathematicae
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System Times and Channel Availability for Secondary Transmissions in CRNs: A Dependability Theory based Analysis

2017

[EN] Reliability is of fundamental importance for the performance of secondary networks in cognitive radio networks (CRNs). To date, most studies have focused on predicting reliability parameters based on prior statistics of traffic patterns from user behavior. In this paper, we define a few reliability metrics for channel access in multichannel CRNs that are analogous to the concepts of reliability and availability in classical dependability theory. Continuous-time Markov chains are employed to model channel available and unavailable time intervals based on channel occupancy status. The impact on user access opportunities based on channel availability is investigated by analyzing the stead…

Reliability theoryComputer Networks and CommunicationsComputer scienceAerospace Engineering02 engineering and technologyCommunications system0203 mechanical engineering0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringDependabilityCognitive radio networks (CRNs)Resource managementElectrical and Electronic EngineeringSpectrum accessMarkov chainCumulative distribution functionGuaranteed availability020206 networking & telecommunications020302 automobile design & engineeringINGENIERIA TELEMATICAUniformization (probability theory)System timesReliability engineeringCognitive radioChannel availabilityAutomotive EngineeringContinuous-time Markov chains (CTMCs)UnavailabilityCommunication channel
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Regulating feeding and increasing methane yield from co-digestion of C5 molasses and cattle manure

2014

Abstract The paper investigated the mesophilic (∼35 °C) and thermophilic (∼50 °C) co-digestion of cattle manure and C5 molasses for a variable organic loading rate (OLR). The small scale continuous reactor experiment revealed that thermophilic treatment yielded a maximum 313 ± 16 L/kg VS methane for the feeding ranged between 50% and 70% C5 (v/v). Mesophilic co-digestion, on the other hand, produced maximum 232 ± 32 L/kg VS methane when feeding was ranged between 31% and 47% C5 (v/v). The feeding strategy of this study was sophistically adjusted owing to the unstable volatile fatty acids (VFA) pattern, developed at different stages of the experiment. Attainable molasses feeding for both the…

Renewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentContinuous reactorMicroorganismEnvironmental engineeringEnergy Engineering and Power TechnologyBiologyManureMethaneAnaerobic digestionchemistry.chemical_compoundFuel TechnologyAnimal scienceNuclear Energy and EngineeringBiogaschemistryBiofuelMesophileEnergy Conversion and Management
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Survey of neonatal respiratory support use in very preterm infants in Italy

2012

Background: Respiratory support in very preterm infants is often a life-saving procedure and several techniques are available. There is lack of data on the current use of these techniques. Methods and aim: We analyzed a cohort of infants <30 weeks gestation or < 1501 g birth weight, enrolled in the Italian Neonatal Network in 2009 and 2010 (n = 8297, mean gestation = 29.3 weeks, mean birth weight = 1089 g) to ascertain the use of several techniques. We also conducted a questionnaire survey of all neonatal units adhering to the Italian Neonatal Network, inquiring about preferred methods of respiratory support. Results: Conventional ventilation was used in 53% of these infants, high frequency…

Respiratory Therapymedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentContinuous positive airway pressureVentilation; continuous positive airway pressure; variation; preterm infant; respiratory managementVariationmacromolecular substancesPediatricsrespiratory managementpreterm infantCohort StudiesSettore MED/38 - Pediatria Generale E SpecialisticaHumansMedicineContinuous positive airway pressureIntensive care medicinePrematureVentilation continuous positive airway pressure variation preterm infant respiratory managementbusiness.industryInfant NewbornInfantObstetrics and GynecologyPerinatology and Child HealthNewbornVentilationRespiratory supportVery pretermItalyPreterm infantPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthRespiratory managementBreathingPremature BirthContinuous positive airway pressure; Preterm infant; Respiratory management; Variation; Ventilation; Cohort Studies; Humans; Infant Newborn; Infant Premature; Italy; Premature Birth; Respiratory Therapy; Pediatrics Perinatology and Child Health; Obstetrics and Gynecologyvariationpreterm neonates; respiratory distress syndrome; respiratory supportbusinesscontinuous positive airway pressureInfant PrematureThe Journal of Maternal-Fetal &amp; Neonatal Medicine
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Uncertain outcome presentations bias decisions: experimental evidence from Finland and Italy

2016

Even in their everyday lives people are expected to make difficult decisions objectively and rationally, no matter how complex or uncertain the situation. In this research, we study how the format of presentation and the amount of presented information concerning risky events influence the decision-making process, and the propensity to take risk in decision makers. The results of an exploratory survey conducted in Finland and in Italy suggest that decision-making behavior changes according to the way the information is presented. We provide experimental evidence that different representations of expected outcomes create distinct cognitive biases and as a result affect the decisions made. Th…

Risk perceptionDecision support systemSocial network context0211 other engineering and technologiesGeneral Decision SciencesContext (language use)02 engineering and technologyScientific literatureManagement Science and Operations Research0502 economics and businessDecision-making under uncertaintySocial mediaContinuous distribution021103 operations researchbusiness.industryIllusion of control05 social sciencesBehavior changePublic relationsCognitive biasRisk perceptionDecision Sciences (all)Illusion of controlbusinessPsychology050203 business & managementCognitive psychologyAnnals of Operations Research
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Functional design of power-split CVTs: An uncoupled hierarchical optimized model

2017

Abstract This paper provides a new model for the preliminary design of compound power-split CVTs. Unlike the existing models, the presented method allows the engineers to prioritize functionality and efficiency of the transmission, while delaying the choice of the involved gear sets’ layout as long as possible. The design approach follows a specific priority order, and each step deals with one particular issue, without mutual interference. A smart design-chart eases the assessment and the comparison of the only eligible alternatives, and eventually leads to a final feasible constructive scheme, which can be an excellent concept for further optimization and implementation. Moreover, the mode…

Scheme (programming language)0209 industrial biotechnologyEngineeringMathematical optimizationComputationPower-split CVTBioengineering02 engineering and technologySystem of linear equationsInterference (wave propagation)Constructive020901 industrial engineering & automation0203 mechanical engineeringFunctional designMechanics of MaterialContinuously variable transmissionConfiguration designSimulationcomputer.programming_languagee-CVTbusiness.industryConfiguration designMechanical EngineeringFunctional designComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionSettore ING-IND/13 - Meccanica Applicata Alle MacchineHybridComputer Science Applications020303 mechanical engineering & transportsTransmission (telecommunications)Mechanics of Materialsbusinesscomputer
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