Search results for "Contraction"

showing 10 items of 1092 documents

MR-tomographische Messung der diastolischen Relaxation hypertrophierter linker Ventrikel mit Single-slice-multi-phase-Technik

1993

In order to assess diastolic ventricular function in hypertensive patients, a single-slice multiphase sequence was used in order to measure contraction and early diastolic relaxation. There was no difference in the contraction velocity between hypertensives and normals (Vsys. n.r. = 56.1 +/- 13.8% LVDV/s vs. 51.7 +/- 8.6% LVEDV/s, stat, n. sign.). Early diastolic relaxation velocity in hypertensives was reduced as compared with the control group (Vdiast. 1n.r. = 37.9 +/- 13.1% LVEDV/s vs. 47.1 +/- 9.6% LVEDV/s, p < 0.05). There was no linear relation between abnormal relaxation and the extent of myocardial hypertrophy. Hypertensives with myocardial hypertrophy frequently had reduced early d…

PhysicsNuclear magnetic resonanceVentricular functionDiastoleRelaxation velocityEarly diastolicRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMultisliceContraction velocitySystoleMuscle hypertrophyRöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren
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Theoretical and experimental behaviour of the muscle viscosity coefficient during maximal concentric actions

1994

The aim of this study was to calculate the theoretical variation of the nonlinear damping factor (B) as a function of the muscle shortening velocity, and then to compare the theoretical values with the experimental data obtained on both the elbow flexor and the ankle extensor muscles. The theoretical variation of the B factor was determined from a muscle model consisting of a contractile component in parallel with a viscous damper both in series with an elastic component, and by using, the characteristic equation of the force velocity curve. In this muscle model, the viscous element modelled the inability of the muscle to generate as big a contracting force (while shortening) as possible un…

PhysicsViscosityPhysiologyElbowPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthCharacteristic equationGeneral MedicineMechanicsAnatomyIsometric exerciseConcentricCurvatureModels Biologicalmedicine.anatomical_structurePhysiology (medical)medicineDamping factorHumansOrthopedics and Sports Medicinemedicine.symptomAnkleMuscle SkeletalMuscle ContractionMuscle contractionEuropean Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology
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Force-, power-, and elasticity-velocity relationships in walking, running, and jumping

1980

Ground reaction forces and mechanical power were investigated when the subjects walked normally, while they were racing or running at four speeds, and when they performed the running long jump take-off. In addition, the apparent spring constants of the support leg in eccentric and concentric phases were investigated at the four running speeds, during the running long jump take-off, and in the triple jump. Six club level track and field athletes, four national level long jumpers, and six national level triple jumpers took part in the study. Cinematographic technique and a mathematical model of hopping (Alexander and Vernon 1975) were employed in the analysis. Force and power values were foun…

PhysiologyConcentricmedicine.disease_causeBone and BonesRunningTendonsJumpingPhysiology (medical)medicineHumansEccentricOrthopedics and Sports MedicineGround reaction forceElasticity (economics)Track and field athleticsMechanical energyPhysicsMusclesTrack and FieldMathematical analysisPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthBiomechanicsGeneral MedicineMechanicsElasticityBiomechanical PhenomenaMotor SkillsLocomotionMuscle ContractionEuropean Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology
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Evidence for extrinsic control of oesophageal primary peristalsis.

1985

AbstractThe role of both peripheral and central mechanism in the control of primary peristalsis was studied in pigeon cervical oesophagus.The results from the transection of oesophageal muscular wall and of extrinsic nerves suggest that :i) primary peristalsis is programmed centrally.ii) extrinsic motor input is carried in glossopharyngeal nerves and distributed separately at each oesophageal level through intramural neurons.iii) intramural neurons do not seem capable of propagating the peristaltic sequence irrespective of the central control.

Physiologybusiness.industryMuscle SmoothAnatomyHexamethonium CompoundsIn Vitro TechniquesBiochemistryPeripheralElectrophysiologymedicine.anatomical_structureEsophagusPeripheral nervous systemmedicineAnimalsPeristalsisCervical esophagusGustatory pathwaymedicine.symptomEsophagusbusinessColumbidaePeristalsisMuscle contractionArchives internationales de physiologie et de biochimie
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COMMON FIXED POINTS FOR psi-CONTRACTIONS ON PARTIAL METRIC SPACES

2013

We prove some generalized versions of an interesting result of Matthews using conditions of different type in 0-complete partial metric spaces. We give, also, a homotopy result for operators on partial metric spaces.

Points of coincidence0-complete partial metric spaceSettore MAT/05 - Analisi Matematicapsi-contractionscommon fixed point
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Graphical metric space: a generalized setting in fixed point theory

2016

Building on recent ideas of Jachymski, we work on the notion of graphical metric space and prove an analogous result for the contraction mapping principle. In particular, the triangular inequality is replaced by a weaker one, which is satisfied by only those points which are situated on some path included in the graphical structure associated with the space. Some consequences, examples and an application to integral equations are presented to confirm the significance and unifying power of obtained generalizations.

Pseudometric space01 natural sciencesGraphIntrinsic metricOrdered metric spaceSettore MAT/05 - Analisi MatematicaGraphical metric spaceContraction mapping0101 mathematicsMathematicsDiscrete mathematicsAlgebra and Number TheoryApplied MathematicsInjective metric space010102 general mathematicsFixed pointConvex metric space010101 applied mathematicsAlgebraComputational MathematicsMetric spaceGeometry and TopologySettore MAT/03 - GeometriaMetric differentialAnalysisFisher information metric
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Differences in cardiorespiratory and neuromuscular responses between voluntary and stimulated contractions of the quadriceps femoris muscle.

2006

The aim of this study was to compare respiratory gas exchange variables and muscle fatigue between equal-intensity (i.e., same force output) electrostimulated and voluntary contractions of the quadriceps muscle (46+/-10% of maximal voluntary force). Twelve healthy men served as volunteers. Oxygen consumption, ventilation and respiratory exchange ratio were recorded during the exercise bouts. Muscle fatigue was quantified as the exercise-induced reduction in maximal voluntary force. The average oxygen consumption (11+/-3 versus 8+/-2 mL min(-1)kg(-1)), ventilation (23+/-4 versus 16+/-2 L min(-1)) and respiratory exchange ratio (0.96+/-0.02 versus 0.85+/-0.01) were significantly higher during…

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineAdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsPhysiologyQuadriceps MuscleOxygen ConsumptionMedicineHumansRespiratory systemRespiratory exchange ratioPhysical Education and TrainingMuscle fatiguebusiness.industryElectromyographyGeneral NeuroscienceRespirationCardiorespiratory fitnessQuadriceps femoris muscleElectric StimulationAnesthesiaMotor unit recruitmentMuscle FatigueBreathingPhysical therapymedicine.symptombusinessMuscle contractionMuscle ContractionRespiratory physiologyneurobiology
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Hypoxia-induced dysfunction of rat diaphragm

2004

Contains fulltext : 47331.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Oxidants may play a role in hypoxia-induced respiratory muscle dysfunction. In the present study we hypothesized that hypoxia-induced impairment in diaphragm contractility is associated with elevated peroxynitrite generation. In addition, we hypothesized that strenuous contractility of the diaphragm increases peroxynitrite formation. In vitro force-frequency relationship, isotonic fatigability, and nitrotyrosine levels were assessed under hypoxic (Po(2) approximately 6.5 kPa) and hyperoxic (Po(2) approximately 88.2 kPa) control conditions and also in the presence of authentic peroxynitrite (60 min), ebselen (60 min), and t…

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineAzolesMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPhysiologyDiaphragmAetiology screening and detection [ONCOL 5]In Vitro TechniquesIsoindolesNitric oxideContractilitychemistry.chemical_compoundTranslational research [ONCOL 3]Physiology (medical)Internal medicineOrganoselenium CompoundsPeroxynitrous AcidmedicineRespiratory muscleAnimalsRespiratory systemEnzyme InhibitorsRats WistarHypoxiaHeart lung and circulation [UMCN 2.1]Renal disorder [IGMD 9]omega-N-MethylarginineNitrotyrosineCell BiologyHypoxia (medical)Tissue engineering and pathology [NCMLS 3]musculoskeletal systemRatsPathogenesis and modulation of inflammation [N4i 1]EndocrinologychemistryBiochemistryMuscle FatigueTyrosineRat DiaphragmLipid Peroxidationmedicine.symptomPeroxynitriteMuscle ContractionAmerican Journal of Physiology - Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology
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Influence of endothelial nitric oxide on neurogenic contraction of human pulmonary arteries.

1995

The present study was designed to investigate the contribution of the endothelium and that of the L-arginine pathway on the contractile responses of isolated human pulmonary arteries to electrical field stimulation (EFS) and noradrenaline. Isometric tension was measured in artery rings obtained from portions of human lung after thoracic surgery for removal of lung carcinoma (18 patients). Electrical field stimulation (EFS) induced frequency-dependent contractions of isolated human pulmonary arteries which were abolished by tetrodotoxin, guanethidine and prazosin (all at 10(-6) M). The increases in tension were of greater magnitude in arteries denuded of endothelium. NG-nitro-L-arginine meth…

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineGuanethidineMalemedicine.medical_specialtyEndotheliumTetrodotoxinIn Vitro TechniquesPulmonary ArteryArginineNitric OxideNitric oxidechemistry.chemical_compoundNorepinephrineInternal medicinemedicine.arterymedicinePrazosinHumansGuanethidineAgedDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryPrazosinElectric StimulationEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureNG-Nitroarginine Methyl EsterchemistryAnesthesiaPulmonary arteryCirculatory systemEndothelium VascularNitric Oxide SynthasebusinessAdrenergic FibersAdrenergic alpha-AgonistsBlood vesselmedicine.drugArteryMuscle ContractionThe European respiratory journal
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Evidence for a negative inotropic effect of obesity in human myocardium?

2009

Objective: The present study was performed as an attempt to analyze the relationship between body weight and human myocardial performance. As overweight is frequently associated with hypertension, stenosis of epimyocardial coronary arteries and other factors that influence myocardial performance, the experimental model of isolated human atrial myocardium was selected. Atrial contractile performance does neither depend on the extent of stenosis of epicardial coronary arteries nor on the degree of hypertension and its secondary pathology. Methods:Rightatrialmusclepreparations(0.5 6 mm)of183patientsundergoingcoronaryarterybypasssurgerywereelectricallystimulatedat optimal length. Active tension…

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineInotropeMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAgingAdipose tissueOverweightBody Mass IndexTissue Culture TechniquesSex FactorsInternal medicineMedicineHumansHeart AtriaObesityCoronary Artery BypassAgedbusiness.industryBody WeightGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseMyocardial ContractionElectric StimulationCoronary arteriesmedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyHeart failureCirculatory systemSurgeryFemalemedicine.symptomCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessBody mass indexMuscle contractionEuropean journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery
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