Search results for "Contrast"

showing 10 items of 1162 documents

Locally weighted minimum contrast estimation for spatio-temporal log-Gaussian Cox processes

2023

A local version of spatio-temporal log-Gaussian Cox processes is proposed by using Local Indicators of Spatio-Temporal Association (LISTA) functions plugged into the minimum contrast procedure, to obtain space as well as time-varying parameters. The new procedure resorts to the joint minimum contrast fitting method to estimate the set of second-order parameters. This approach has the advantage of being suitable in both separable and non-separable parametric specifications of the correlation function of the underlying Gaussian Random Field. Simulation studies to assess the performance of the proposed fitting procedure are presented, and an application to seismic spatio-temporal point pattern…

Methodology (stat.ME)FOS: Computer and information sciencesLocal models log-Gaussian Cox processes Minimum contrast Second-order characteristics Spatio-temporal point processesStatistics and ProbabilityComputational MathematicsComputational Theory and MathematicsApplied MathematicsSettore SECS-S/01 - StatisticaStatistics - ComputationStatistics - MethodologyComputation (stat.CO)Computational Statistics & Data Analysis
researchProduct

Confronto tra mezzi di contrasto con differente concentrazione iodica nell’imaging di placca coronarica mediante Tomografia Computerizzata Multistrat…

2012

Mezzi di contrastocardioTCSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E Radioterapiaplacca coronarica
researchProduct

Influenza della concentrazione iodica dei mezzi di contrasto sulla caratterizzazione della placca aterosclerotica coronarica valutata mediante TC Mul…

2010

Mezzi di contrastoplaccca coronaricaSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E RadioterapiaTC
researchProduct

Desktop X-ray tomography for low contrast samples

2013

Abstract Based on the experience in the use of polycapillary optical systems, recently XLab Frascati LNF and IM CNR have been strongly involved in studying the techniques for high resolution X-ray Imaging and micro-tomography that intends in the development of a new imaging instrument to examine low contrast samples complicated by fast developing processes. In order to get the reliable signal to noise ratio, typically available via synchrotron radiation (SR) dedicated X-ray optical devices, for the desktop solutions we have to increase the radiation fluxes from conventional sources. As known, manipulated through polycapillary optics beams result in getting higher fluxes with respect to a pi…

Micro tomographyNuclear and High Energy Physicsbusiness.industryX-rayPhase-contrast imagingSynchrotron radiationRadiationSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaOpticsSignal-to-noise ratioTransmission (telecommunications)Fuel injectionx ray tomographyMedical imagingTomographyPolycapillary opticsX-ray fast imagingbusinessInstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
researchProduct

Choosing among alternative technological strategies: an empirical analysis of formal sources of innovation

2003

Abstract This work aims to offer a detailed conceptual and empirical analysis of the inter-firm differences in deciding the composition of their technological efforts. Using data for Spanish firms in the period 1990–1996, the study begins with the standard analysis of the determinants of innovative investment, then moves on to the less analysed question of the determinants of the generate versus import alternative and ends with a novel analysis of the characteristics which lead firms to organise research internally as compared to the possibility of contracting R&D services externally. In contrast to standard practice, the econometric approach takes into account the existence of non-linearit…

MicroeconomicsDiscrete choiceWork (electrical)Management of Technology and InnovationStrategy and ManagementEconomicsContrast (statistics)Management Science and Operations ResearchMarketingInvestment (macroeconomics)Composition (language)Research Policy
researchProduct

A multiscale X-ray phase-contrast tomography dataset of whole human left lung

2021

ABSTRACTTechnological advancements in X-ray imaging using bright and coherent synchrotron sources now allows to decouple sample size and resolution, while maintaining high sensitivity to the microstructure of soft, partially dehydrated tissues. The recently developed imaging technique, hierarchical phase-contrast tomography, is a comprehensive approach to address the challenge of organ-scale (up to tens of centimeters) soft tissue imaging with resolution and sensitivity down to the cellular level. Using this technique, we imaged ex vivo an entire human left lung at an isotropic voxel size of 25.08 μm along with local zooms down to 6.05 - 6.5 μm and 2.45 - 2.5 μm in voxel size. The high tiss…

MicrometreLeft lungPhase contrast tomographyMaterials sciencelawResolution (electron density)X-raySynchrotron radiationTomographySynchrotronlaw.inventionBiomedical engineering
researchProduct

PCA-based source-space contrast maps reveal psychologically meaningful individual differences in continuous MEG activity

2019

AbstractWithin the field of neuroimaging, there has been an increasing trend towards studying brain activity in naturalistic conditions, and it is possible to robustly estimate networks of on-going oscillatory activity in the brain. However, not many studies have focused on differences between individuals in on-going brain activity that would be associable to psychological or behavioral characteristics. Existing standard methods can perform well at single-participant level, but generalizing the methodology across many participants is challenging due to individual differences of brains. As an example of a clinically relevant, naturalistic condition we consider here mindfulness. Trait mindful…

MindfulnessBrain activity and meditation05 social sciencesPerspective (graphical)Contrast (statistics)050105 experimental psychology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineNeuroimagingMind-wanderingmedicineTraitAnxiety0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesmedicine.symptomPsychology030217 neurology & neurosurgeryCognitive psychology
researchProduct

Accommodation-related changes in monochromatic aberrations of the human eye as a function of age.

2008

PURPOSE. To investigate the relationship between accommodation and the optical aberrations of the whole human eye, as a function of age. METHODS. Sixty healthy subjects with spherical ametropia in the range 3 D, astigmatism less than 1 D, corrected visual acuity of 20/18 or better, and normal findings in an ophthalmic examination were enrolled. Subjects were divided into four groups, with age ranges of 19 to 29, 30 to 39, 40 to 49, and 50 to 60 years. Monochromatic optical aberrations and pupil size were measured with a Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor under monocular viewing conditions, without pharmacological dilation or cycloplegia. Stimulus vergences were in the range of 0 to 5 D, with a…

MiosisAdultMaleAgingVisual acuitygenetic structuresPupilRetinaContrast SensitivityMedicineHumansMonocularbusiness.industryAccommodation OcularCycloplegiaPupilMiddle AgedRefractive Errorseye diseasesSpherical aberrationmedicine.anatomical_structureOptometryHuman eyeFemalesense organsmedicine.symptombusinessAccommodationInvestigative ophthalmologyvisual science
researchProduct

Retinal straylight in patients with monofocal and multifocal intraocular lenses

2007

Purpose To determine the differences in retinal straylight perceived by patients with monofocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) and patients with multifocal IOLs. Setting Vissum-Instituto de Oftalmologico de Alicante, Alicante, Spain. Methods In this prospective study, contrast sensitivity and retinal straylight were measured prospectively 6 months postoperatively in 67 eyes of 40 patients with a monofocal or multifocal IOL. In the monofocal group, a ThinOptX IOL (ThinOptX, Inc.) was implanted in 12 eyes and an Acri.Smart 48 S IOL (Acri.Tec) in 20 eyes. In the multifocal IOL group, a ReZoom IOL (Advanced Medical Optics) was implanted in 13 eyes and a ReSTOR IOL (Alcon Laboratories) in 22 eyes. Re…

Miosismedicine.medical_specialtyLightPseudophakiagenetic structuresmedicine.medical_treatmentmedia_common.quotation_subjectIntraocular lensRetinaPupilGlareContrast Sensitivitychemistry.chemical_compoundLens Implantation IntraocularOphthalmologymedicineHumansScattering RadiationContrast (vision)Prospective StudiesAgedmedia_commonAged 80 and overLenses IntraocularPhacoemulsificationbusiness.industryGlare (vision)RetinalPhacoemulsificationMiddle AgedMultifocal intraocular lensequipment and supplieseye diseasesSensory SystemsOphthalmologychemistryOptometrySurgerysense organsmedicine.symptombusinessJournal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery
researchProduct

Magneto-optical nanomaterials: a SPIO–phthalocyanine scaffold built step-by-step towards bimodal imaging

2013

A SPIO-phthalocyanine nanohybrid is developed as a bimodal contrast agent for Optical and Magnetic Resonance Imaging. The organic coating was covalently attached onto SPIO in a step-by-step approach. Each coated-SPIO was thoroughly characterized. The hydrodynamic size of the SPIO-Pc is ca. 60 nm with a coverage of ca. 690 Pc/SPIO.

Models MolecularScaffoldIndolesMaterials scienceContrast MediaNanoparticleNanotechnology02 engineering and technologyIsoindolesengineering.material010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCatalysisNanomaterialsMagneto opticalchemistry.chemical_compoundCoatingMaterials Chemistry[CHIM]Chemical SciencesComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSMetals and AlloysGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMagnetic Resonance ImagingFerrosoferric Oxide0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialschemistryCeramics and CompositesPhthalocyanineengineeringNanoparticles0210 nano-technologyChemical Communications
researchProduct