Search results for "Contrast"

Technique of CT and MR Examinations

1989

The three original groups participating in our study used the EMI Mark I scanner from 1975 to the middle of 1977 and the EMI CT 1010 scanner after mid-1977. The Siemens Somatom DR has been used in Augsburg and Berlin since 1983, and the Philips Tomoscan CT 350 in Mainz since mid-1986.

Separating mismatch negativity (MMN) response from auditory obligatory brain responses in school-aged children

2013

Mismatch negativity (MMN) overlaps with other auditory event-related potential (ERP) components. We examined the ERPs of 50 9- to 11-year-old children for vowels /i/, /y/ and equivalent complex tones. The goal was to separate MMN from obligatory ERP components using principal component analysis and equal probability control condition. In addition to the contrast of the deviant minus standard response, we employed the contrast of the deviant minus control response, to see whether the obligatory processing contributes to MMN in children. When looking for differences in speech deviant minus standard contrast, MMN starts around 112 ms. However, when both contrasts are examined, MMN emerges for …

Hydraulic kinetics of the graft union in different Olea europaea L. scion/rootstock combinations

2007

The hydraulic resistance of young olive trees grafted on rootstocks with contrasting size-controlling potential was measured 30, 90, 360 and 480 days after grafting. Olive (Olea europaea L.) clones inducing plant vigorous growth (Leccino ‘Minerva’, LM) or dwarfing (Leccino ‘Dwarf’, LD) were studied in different scion/rootstock combinations (LD/LD, LD/LM, LM/LD, LM/LM). Plants growing on LD root systems developed lower leaf surface areas (about 50% less) than plants grafted on LM rootstocks. Graft union represented the largest fraction (up to 85%) of whole-plant hydraulic resistance 30 days after grafting, and still represented an important fraction of it 2 months later (40–55%). Four-hundre…

Minimum contrast for point processes' first-order intensity estimation

2023

In this paper, we exploit some theoretical results, from which we know the expected value of the K-function weighted by the true first-order intensity function of a point pattern. This theoretical result can serve as an estimation method for obtaining the parameter estimates of a specific model, assumed for the data. The only requirement is the knowledge of the first-order intensity function expression, completely avoiding writing the likelihood, which is often complex to deal with in point process models. We illustrate the method through simulation studies for spatio-temporal point processes.

Diploma Effects by Gender in the Spanish Labour Market

2006

.  The aim of this paper is to contrast the nature of the schooling effect on earnings in the Spanish labour market in terms of gender. Hungerford and Solon's (Review of Economics and Statistics 69: 175–177, 1987) methodology is used to distinguish between the returns to schooling arising from mere years of schooling as a reflection of their productivity-enhancing contribution (human capital) and the returns to schooling arising from certificates (diploma effects) as signals of the individual's productivity (sheepskin effects) or as credentialism. The results show evidence only of diploma effects in Upper Secondary Studies for men.

Plantxel: Towards a plant-based controllable display

2018

The use of plants as a mean for both visualization and interaction has been already explored in smart environments. In this work, we explore the possibility of constructing a controllable dynamic plant-based display using thigmonastic plants, i.e. plants that change the shape and position of their leaves as a response to external stimuli. As an initial step towards this vision, we first introduce our approach of building a plant-based pixel (plant-pixel, or plantxel), and the principles of composing a plantxel-based public display. We then present the results of a feasibility study conducted with Mimosa spegazzinii plants, showing that our approach can achieve an acceptable contrast ratio, …

Social pollution: from flexibility to exploited work

2009

Contributo al dibattito sul futuro del modello sociale

2009

Quattro nodi maggiori del Sistema nazionale di istruzione in Italia

2021

Teacher training, professional qualification and recruitment. Rethinking of school autonomy as part of a more ambitious administration reform. The birth rate as an opportunity to use economies in challenging policies. The strengthening of post-secondary but not university higher technical training. There are four goals on which the Italian school needs urgent re- form measures to improve its performance. However, it is necessary not to pay attention only to the “internal voices”.

O perdimento de bens e a disciplina da improbidade administrativa no Brasil

2021

A normativa administrativa de bens confiscados atualmente em vigor na Itália representa o resultado de um longo percurso evolutivo que caracterizou a disciplina nacional e cujo objetivo era conceber estratégias eficazes e inovadoras para combater o fenômeno generalizado do crime organizado do tipo mafioso. Graças a esta disciplina normativa, de fato, tem sido possível atingir as organizações criminosas do tipo mafioso diretamente, impedindo-lhes a assunção de recursos econômicos adquiridos ilegalmente e impedindo a continuação, de qualquer forma, da atividade criminosa. O texto explora a disciplina da “improbidade administrativa”, destacando os aspectos problemáticos relacionados a um públi…