Search results for "Convergence"
showing 10 items of 655 documents
Dimension reduction for $-Delta_1$
2012
A 3D-2D dimension reduction for $-\Delta_1$ is obtained. A power law approximation from $-\Delta_p$ as $p \to 1$ in terms of $\Gamma$- convergence, duality and asymptotics for least gradient functions has also been provided.
Od folkloru do e-folkloru, czyli przemodelowanie przez Internet przedmiotu współczesnych badań folklorystycznych
2022
The emergence of the Internet, a new electronic means of communication, initiated the process of a qualitative change in contemporary culture. This has led, among other things, to a necessary redefinition ofthe subject of folklore research and, consequently, to highlighting its anthropological dimension. That, in turn, requires first and foremost a change in the concept of orality which in itself may no longer be reduced to direct (oral) provision of content, as the virtual language, enriched with a Computer interface, creates new possibilities for using words, along with their combination with image and music (visual folklore). On the one hand, on the Internet we may observe new aspects of…
Exploring the sources of labour productivity growth and convergence in the Italian regions: some evidence from a production frontier approach
2009
This paper investigates labour productivity growth and regional convergence patterns in Italy over the time span 1982–2000. Starting from some evidence of spatial polarisation within Italian economy, the analysis aims at exploring the sources of this tendency. To this end, an approach based on data envelopment analysis (DEA) production frontiers is employed which allows to decompose labour productivity growth into efficiency change, technological progress and capital deepening, looking then at the relative contribution of each component to regional convergence. Moreover, some measures of human capital and public capital are used as augmentation factors of the conventional inputs. The study …
Eiropas Savienības kohēzijas politikas efektivitāte reģionālo nevienlīdzību mazināšanā Eiropas savienībā un Latvijas reģionos
2022
Maģistra darba mērķis ir novērtēt ES kohēzijas politikas efektivitāti, identificēt būtiskākos faktorus, kas ietekmē to ietekmē un pielietot izstrādāto metodiku Latvijas reģioniem. Īpašs uzsvars likts uz faktoru, kas ietekmē ES kohēzijas politikas īstenošanas efektivitāti, noteikšanu. Pielietojot daudzfaktoru lineāro regresiju, kurā vidējais IKP uz vienu iedzīvotāju pieaugums ir indikators ekonomiskai attīstībai, tika konstatēts, ka būtiskākie efektivitāti ietekmējošie faktori ir pārvaldības kvalitāte, tai skaitā, korupcijas līmenis, un bezdarba līmenis. Mazāka, bet arī nozīmīga ir iedzīvotāju skaita izmaiņu, izglītības līmeņa un sociālo aspektu ietekme. Latvijā efektivitāti mazina arī centr…
Solving a model for the evolution of smoking habit in Spain with homotopy analysis method
2013
We obtain an approximated analytical solution for a dynamic model for the prevalence of the smoking habit in a constant population but with equal and different from zero birth and death rates. This model has been successfully used to explain the evolution of the smoking habit in Spain. By means of the Homotopy Analysis Method, we obtain an analytic expression in powers of time t which reproduces the correct solution for a certain range of time. To enlarge the domain of convergence we have applied the so-called optimal convergence-control parameter technique and the homotopy-Padé technique. We present and discuss graphical results for our solutions. ©
Drivers of Agglomeration: geography VS. History
2009
This paper focuses on the influence of two classical drivers of population agglomeration: geography and history. Geography is identified by two co-ordinates: coastal position and altitude. The prominence of history is also captured by two characteristics: the initial size of the municipalities, and their status as the administrative centre of the area. In first instance we examine localization patterns, at a small geographical scale, according to these characteristics and present empirical evidence of the progressive population concentration along the coast, on the plains and in the regional (provincial) capitals; a process that has not finished in the present days. Next, we show that both …
A hybrid genetic algorithm with local search
2001
Abstract A hybrid genetic algorithm with internal local search was developed for optimisations involving continuous variables. The reproduction probabilities were enhanced using the fitness values obtained when a local method was applied to each individual in the population. These estimations are more realistic, since consider not the apparent but the hidden, latent quality of each individual. The information gathered in the local search was also used to build an auxiliary population recording the successfully enhanced individuals, which allowed to detect the convergence and self-adapt the search limits. The size of this auxiliary population was kept constant by a cluster analysis strategy.…
Mortality and socioeconomic indicators in Spain 1962-1991
2000
Background: The study objectives were to describe the evolution of mortality and some socioeconomic indicators in the Spanish provinces (n=50) in order to quantify their association and assess the capability of these socioeconomic factors in explaining mortality levels in the Spanish provinces over the period 1962–1991. Methods: An ecological cross-sectional study was performed in order to assess the relationships between some socioeconomic indicators and mortality in Spain. Data on both-sexes, all-causes, age-adjusted mortality and infant mortality, gross national product per head, economically active population and unemployment rates, population density, state hospital functioning beds an…
Diversity Management in Memetic Algorithms
2012
In Evolutionary Computing, Swarm Intelligence, and more generally, populationbased algorithms diversity plays a crucial role in the success of the optimization. Diversity is a property of a group of individuals which indicates how much these individuals are alike. Clearly, a group composed of individuals similar to each other is said to have a low diversity whilst a group of individuals dissimilar to each other is said to have a high diversity. In computer science, in the context of population-based algorithms the concept of diversity is more specific: the diversity of a population is a measure of the number of different solutions present, see [239].
Disparités géographiques et convergence des régions européennes : une approche par l'économétrie spatiale
2002
The aim of this dissertation is to analyze the convergence process between European regions by taking into account spatial patterns of economic activities. First, with the help of literature reviews on theoretical and empirical analyses of growth and convergence and on economic geography models, we show in chapter 1 why geographic disparities should be introduced in the study of convergence between economies. Next, the spatial statistic and econometric tools allowing to reach this goal are detailed in chapter 2. Finally, three empirical studies of the convergence process in presence of geographic disparities are carried out. They are based on a sample for per capita GDP of 138 regions, belo…