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showing 10 items of 14808 documents

Two simple criteria to estimate an objective's performance when imaging in non design tissue clearing solutions

2019

Tissue clearing techniques are undergoing a renaissance motivated by the need to image fluorescent neurons, and other cells, deep in the sample without physical sectioning. Optical transparency is achieved by equilibrating tissues with high refractive index (RI) solutions. When the microscope objective is not perfectly matched to the RI of the cleared sample, aberrations are introduced. We present two simple-to-calculate numerical criteria predicting: (i) the degradation in image quality (brightness and resolution) from optimal conditions of any clearing solution/objective combination; (ii) which objective, among several available, achieves the highest resolution in a given medium. We deriv…

0301 basic medicineBrightnessMicroscopeDeconvolution; Fluorescence; Microscopy; Neuron; Serial optical sectioning; Spherical aberration; Tissue clearingComputer scienceImage qualitySample (material)DeconvolutionFluorescencelaw.invention03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSimple (abstract algebra)lawSerial optical sectioningMicroscopyFluorescence microscopeMicroscopistSpherical aberrationColoring AgentsSettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaNeuronsMicroscopyTissue clearingGeneral NeuroscienceMicroscopy Tissue clearing Fluorescence Neuron Spherical aberration Serial optical sectioning DeconvolutionNeuronFluorescenceRefractometrySpherical aberration030104 developmental biologyMicroscopy FluorescenceDeconvolutionAlgorithm030217 neurology & neurosurgeryTissue clearing
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Lack of association between screening interval and cancer stage in Lynch syndrome may be accounted for by over-diagnosis; a prospective Lynch syndrom…

2019

Background Recent epidemiological evidence shows that colorectal cancer (CRC) continues to occur in carriers of pathogenic mismatch repair (path_MMR) variants despite frequent colonoscopy surveillance in expert centres. This observation conflicts with the paradigm that removal of all visible polyps should prevent the vast majority of CRC in path_MMR carriers, provided the screening interval is sufficiently short and colonoscopic practice is optimal. Methods To inform the debate, we examined, in the Prospective Lynch Syndrome Database (PLSD), whether the time since last colonoscopy was associated with the pathological stage at which CRC was diagnosed during prospective surveillance. Path_MMR…

0301 basic medicineCOLONOSCOPIC SURVEILLANCEColorectal cancerColonoscopy030105 genetics & hereditycomputer.software_genreFAMILIESCOLORECTAL-CANCERBreast cancer screening0302 clinical medicine610 Medical sciences MedicineEpidemiologytähystysStage (cooking)Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancerMUTATIONGenetics (clinical)RISKSurveillanceDatabasemedicine.diagnostic_testIncidence (epidemiology)Colonoscopylcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensLynch syndrome3. Good healthOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisendoskopiaScreeningsyöpätauditkoloskopiamedicine.medical_specialtylcsh:QH426-4703122 Cancers610suolistosyövätmikrosatelliititlcsh:RC254-282Mismatch repair03 medical and health sciencesCàncer colorectalmedicineEndoscòpiaLynchin oireyhtymäperinnölliset tauditseulontatutkimusbusiness.industryResearchColonoscòpiaMicrosatellite instabilityEndoscopyDNAdiagnostiikkamedicine.diseaseColorectal cancerdigestive system diseasesHereditary cancerADENOMAlcsh:GeneticsLynch syndromeOver-diagnosisMicrosatellite instabilitytarkkailubusinesscomputer
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Calcium Polyphosphate Nanoparticles Act as an Effective Inorganic Phosphate Source during Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

2019

The ability of bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BM-MSCs) to differentiate into osteoblasts makes them the ideal candidate for cell-based therapies targeting bone-diseases. Polyphosphate (polyP) is increasingly being studied as a potential inorganic source of phosphate for extracellular matrix mineralisation. The aim of this study is to investigate whether polyP can effectively be used as a phosphate source during the in vitro osteogenic differentiation of human BM-MSCs. Human BM-MSCs are cultivated under osteogenic conditions for 28 days with phosphate provided in the form of organic &beta

0301 basic medicineCalcium PhosphatesCellCell Culture Techniques02 engineering and technologyExtracellular matrixlcsh:Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundOsteogenesisPolyphosphateslcsh:QH301-705.5SpectroscopyCells CulturedCell DifferentiationGeneral Medicine021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyComputer Science ApplicationsCell biologymedicine.anatomical_structureGlycerophosphatesAlkaline phosphatase0210 nano-technologyinorganic polyphosphateStromal cellchemistry.chemical_elementosteogenic differentiationCalciumCatalysisArticleInorganic Chemistry03 medical and health sciencesmedicineHumansPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMolecular Biologymesenchymal stem cellsPolyphosphateOrganic ChemistryMesenchymal stem cellβ-glycerolphosphateCa-polyphosphate nanoparticlesPhosphateAlkaline Phosphatase030104 developmental biologychemistrylcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999Gene Expression RegulationNanoparticlesCalciumInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Morpho-functional study of vascular fluorochrome delivery to lung and liver metastases of Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL).

1991

The growth of 3LL liver and lung metastases related to Its vascular organization was studied by morphological and functional methods, using the Hoechst 33342 fluorescent DNA staining technique. Experimental liver and lung metastases were produced in syngeneic C57BL/6 mice by injection of 3LL tumor cells into a lateral tail vein or into the spleen, respectively. The resulting neoplasms were composed of large cells arranged in sheets with a thin irregularly distributed stroma. Scattered blood vessels with an open or closed lumen were observed within the tumor. Functional study of H33342 diffusion showed a single and reticular fluorescent pattern in liver metastases. In contrast, in lung meta…

0301 basic medicineCancer ResearchPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyLung NeoplasmsLumen (anatomy)SpleenMetastasisMice03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineStromaParenchymamedicineAnimalsFluorescent DyesLung030102 biochemistry & molecular biologybusiness.industryCarcinomaLiver NeoplasmsLewis lung carcinomaGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseMice Inbred C57BLPerfusionMicroscopy Electronmedicine.anatomical_structureOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisReticular connective tissueBenzimidazolesbusiness
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Urinary Metabolic Signatures Detect Recurrences in Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

2019

Patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) undergo lifelong monitoring based on repeated cystoscopy and urinary cytology due to the high recurrence rate of this tumor. Nevertheless, these techniques have some drawbacks, namely, low accuracy in detection of low-grade tumors, omission of pre-neoplastic lesions and carcinomas in situ (CIS), invasiveness, and high costs. This work aims to identify a urinary metabolomic signature of recurrence by proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy for the follow-up of NMIBC patients. To do this, changes in the urinary metabolome before and after transurethral resection (TUR) of tumors are analyzed and a Partial Least Square Dis…

0301 basic medicineCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyUrinary systemmetaboliteUrologylcsh:RC254-282Article03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMetabolomicsCytologyMetabolomeMedicineUrologiametabolic pathwaysCàncerBladder cancermedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryrecurrence predictionCystoscopymedicine.diseaselcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensmetabolomicsnuclear magnetic resonance030104 developmental biologyOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisBiomarker (medicine)bladder cancerbiomarkerbusinessNon muscle invasivebiomarker bladder cancer metabolic pathways metabolite metabolomics nuclear magnetic resonance recurrence predictionCancers
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Localization of the cannabinoid type-1 receptor in subcellular astrocyte compartments of mutant mouse hippocampus

2018

Astroglial type‐1 cannabinoid (CB1) receptors are involved in synaptic transmission, plasticity and behavior by interfering with the so‐called tripartite synapse formed by pre‐ and post‐synaptic neuronal elements and surrounding astrocyte processes. However, little is known concerning the subcellular distribution of astroglial CB1 receptors. In particular, brain CB1 receptors are mostly localized at cells' plasmalemma, but recent evidence indicates their functional presence in mitochondrial membranes. Whether CB1 receptors are present in astroglial mitochondria has remained unknown. To investigate this issue, we included conditional knock‐out mice lacking astroglial CB1 receptor expression …

0301 basic medicineCannabinoid receptormedicine.medical_treatmentImmunoelectron microscopyNeurotransmissionBiologyHippocampusImmunoenzyme Techniques03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular Neuroscience0302 clinical medicineReceptor Cannabinoid CB1Glial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinTripartite synapsemedicineAnimalsMicroscopy ImmunoelectronReceptorMice KnockoutGlial fibrillary acidic proteinmusculoskeletal neural and ocular physiologyfood and beveragesMitochondriaCell biology030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structurenervous systemNeurologyAstrocytesbiology.proteinlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Cannabinoidpsychological phenomena and processes030217 neurology & neurosurgeryAstrocyte
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Anatomical characterization of the cannabinoid CB1receptor in cell-type-specific mutant mouse rescue models

2016

Type 1 cannabinoid (CB1 ) receptors are widely distributed in the brain. Their physiological roles depend on their distribution pattern, which differs remarkably among cell types. Hence, subcellular compartments with little but functionally relevant CB1 receptors can be overlooked, fostering an incomplete mapping. To overcome this, knockin mice with cell-type-specific rescue of CB1 receptors have emerged as excellent tools for investigating CB1 receptors' cell-type-specific localization and sufficient functional role with no bias. However, to know whether these rescue mice maintain endogenous CB1 receptor expression level, detailed anatomical studies are necessary. The subcellular distribut…

0301 basic medicineCannabinoid receptormusculoskeletal neural and ocular physiologyGeneral Neurosciencemedicine.medical_treatmentImmunoelectron microscopyfood and beveragesBiologyHippocampal formationEndocannabinoid system03 medical and health sciencesGlutamatergic030104 developmental biology0302 clinical medicinenervous systemmedicineGABAergiclipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)CannabinoidReceptorNeurosciencepsychological phenomena and processes030217 neurology & neurosurgeryJournal of Comparative Neurology
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Determination of meropenem in endotracheal tubes by in-tube solid phase microextraction coupled to capillary liquid chromatography with diode array d…

2017

Meropenem is a widely used antimicrobial for the treatment of infections associated with the use of invasive medical devices in intensive care unit patients. These treatments are not always effective, in fact, in-vitro studies have demonstrated the difficulty of antimicrobials to penetrate into the biofilm, however in-vivo studies of the effect of these compounds is a trend, mostly because of the complexity of pulmonary samples extracted from ETTs. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate in-tube solid phase microextraction (in-tube SPME) coupled to capillary liquid chromatography (CapLC) with DAD to determine meropenem in Errs in order to estimate the penetration capability i…

0301 basic medicineCapillary action030106 microbiologyClinical BiochemistryPharmaceutical ScienceEndotracheal tubesengineering.materialSolid-phase microextraction01 natural sciencesMeropenemAnalytical Chemistry03 medical and health sciencesCapillary columnCoatingCapillary ElectrochromatographyLimit of DetectionCapillary-LC-DADDrug DiscoverymedicineIntubation IntratrachealHumansSpectroscopySolid Phase MicroextractionChromatographyChemistryBiofilm010401 analytical chemistryIn-tube SPMEPenetration (firestop)MeropenemDiode array0104 chemical sciencesAnti-Bacterial AgentsCapillary lengthengineeringThienamycinsmedicine.drugChromatography LiquidJournal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis
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Inflammatory Response Mechanisms of the Dentine–Pulp Complex and the Periapical Tissues

2021

The macroscopic and microscopic anatomy of the oral cavity is complex and unique in the human body. Soft-tissue structures are in close interaction with mineralized bone, but also dentine, cementum and enamel of our teeth. These are exposed to intense mechanical and chemical stress as well as to dense microbiologic colonization. Teeth are susceptible to damage, most commonly to caries, where microorganisms from the oral cavity degrade the mineralized tissues of enamel and dentine and invade the soft connective tissue at the core, the dental pulp. However, the pulp is well-equipped to sense and fend off bacteria and their products and mounts various and intricate defense mechanisms. The fron…

0301 basic medicineCarcinogenesisRoot canalReviewimmune responselcsh:Chemistryodontoblast0302 clinical medicinePulpitislcsh:QH301-705.5SpectroscopyTissue homeostasisOdontoblastsPeriapical TissueIntracellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsGeneral MedicineComputer Science ApplicationsCell biologyPeriradicularmedicine.anatomical_structureCarcinoma Squamous CellMouth NeoplasmsChemokinescarious lesionPeriapical GranulomaConnective tissueDental CariesBiologyNitric OxideCatalysisInorganic Chemistry03 medical and health sciencestertiary dentinestomatognathic systemAntigens NeoplasmmedicineAnimalsHumansddc:610Physical and Theoretical ChemistryApical foramenMolecular BiologyDental PulpRadicular CystNeuropeptidesOrganic ChemistryPulpitisMesenchymal Stem CellsComplement System Proteins030206 dentistryFibroblastsmedicine.diseasestomatognathic diseases030104 developmental biologyOdontoblastlcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999DentinPulp (tooth)Nerve NetPeriapical PeriodontitisInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Pathophysiology of Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD): A Review on Oxidative Disorders

2020

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is an atherosclerotic disease that affects a wide range of the world’s population, reaching up to 200 million individuals worldwide. PAD particularly affects elderly individuals (>65 years old). PAD is often underdiagnosed or underestimated, although specificity in diagnosis is shown by an ankle/brachial approach, and the high cardiovascular event risk that affected the PAD patients. A number of pathophysiologic pathways operate in chronic arterial ischemia of lower limbs, giving the possibility to improve therapeutic strategies and the outcome of patients. This review aims to provide a well detailed description of such fundamental issues as physical exe…

0301 basic medicineCardiovascular eventmedicine.medical_specialtyArterial diseasePopulationPhysical exerciseReview030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyCatalysisInorganic Chemistrylcsh:Chemistry03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineperipheral arterial diseasephysical exerciseInternal medicineHumansMedicineoxidative stressPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMuscle SkeletaleducationExerciseMolecular Biologylcsh:QH301-705.5Spectroscopypathophysiologyeducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryOrganic ChemistryAtherosclerotic diseaseGeneral Medicineheme oxygenaseArterial Ischemic StrokePathophysiologyComputer Science ApplicationsPeripheralbody regionsperipheral arterial disease; physical exercise; oxidative stress; heme oxygenase; antioxidants; pathophysiologyEarly Diagnosis030104 developmental biologyantioxidantslcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999CardiologybusinessBiomarkersHeme Oxygenase-1
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