Search results for "Crew"

showing 10 items of 93 documents

Simultaneous Airline Scheduling

2008

Currently, there are no solution approaches available to construct and optimize airline schedules within a single model. All existing approaches decompose the problem into smaller and less complex subproblems and solve those subproblems separately. This chapter presents a metaheuristic for simultaneous airline scheduling where several different subproblems are integrated into one single optimization model, except for crew scheduling. The problem-specific metaheuristic uses an adaptive procedure for operator selection to allow an efficient choice between a variety of different operators. Experiments are conducted as proof-of-concept and to calibrate free parameters. Comparing different searc…

Mathematical optimizationOperator (computer programming)Single modelJob shop schedulingComputer scienceScheduling (production processes)MetaheuristicCrew schedulingAdaptive procedureFree parameter
researchProduct

Movement evaluation of overerupted upper molars with absolute anchorage: an in-vitro study.

2010

Introduction: The overeruption of upper molars due to the premature loss of antagonist teeth can be treated with the help of miniscrews. The aim of this study was to evaluate the movement of a typodont molar according to the biomechanical approach used with miniscrews. Study design: The study was conducted with four plaster models filled with typodont wax. In each model we used one absolute anchorage on the palatal side and another on the buccal side in different positions, thus generating four different biomechanical systems. A force of 150 g was applied to each side of the resin tooth. Periapical radiographs were taken preintrusion and immediately after completion of the intrusion. Photog…

MolarDental prosthesisTooth Movement TechniquesRadiographic FilmsBone ScrewsDentistryIn Vitro Techniquesstomatognathic systemOcclusal planemedicineMaxillaOrthodontic Anchorage ProceduresIn vitro studyGeneral DentistryTypodontMovement (music)business.industryDent molar:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]Pròtesis dentalsMolarSagittal planemedicine.anatomical_structureOtorhinolaryngologyUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASSurgeryOvereruptionbusinessGeologyMedicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal
researchProduct

A Novel Technique Using Polytetrafluoroethylene Tape to Solve Screw Loosening Complication in Implant-Supported Single Crowns

2020

This study aimed to analyze a novel technique to make screws with greater untightening resistance and to solve screw loosening in implant-supported single crowns. Thirty grade IV titanium straight abutments were screwed onto 30 external hex implants using grade IV titanium screws (30 Ncm). They were exposed to cyclic loading (300,000 cycles, 200 N). Samples were divided into 4 groups (15 samples per group): new screws (SCREW group) (control), reused screws (rSCREW group), new screws wrapped with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tape (PTFE group), and reused screws wrapped with PTFE tape (rPTFE group). Reverse torque values (RTVs) were recorded with a digitally calibrated implant motor. Mean R…

Novel techniqueMaterials sciencemechanical complicationsHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisBone Screws0206 medical engineeringDentistrylcsh:Medicine02 engineering and technologyArticle03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineCyclic loadingDental Restoration Failurescrew looseningPolytetrafluoroethyleneTitaniumPolytetrafluoroethyleneCrownsbusiness.industrylcsh:RPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Health030206 dentistrypolytetrafluorethylene020601 biomedical engineeringimplant single crownsfixed dental prosthesisTorquechemistryScrew looseningDental Prosthesis Implant-SupportedImplantbusinessImplant supportedInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
researchProduct

Cohort study of occupational cosmic radiation dose and cancer mortality in German aircrew, 1960-2014.

2020

ObjectivesTo determine cancer mortality compared with the general population and to examine dose-response relationships between cumulative occupational radiation dose and specific cancer outcomes in the German aircrew cohort.MethodsFor a cohort of 26 846 aircrew personnel, standardised mortality ratios (SMR) were calculated. Dose-response analyses were carried out using Poisson regression to assess dose-related cancer risks for the period 1960–2014. Exposure assessment comprises recently available dose register data for all cohort members and newly estimated retrospective cabin crew doses for 1960–2003.ResultsSMR for all-cause, specific cancer groups and most individual cancers were reduced…

OncologyMalemedicine.medical_specialtyNeoplasms Radiation-InducedPopulationRadiation DosageEffective dose (radiation)Cohort Studies03 medical and health sciencessymbols.namesake0302 clinical medicineInternal medicineGermanyOccupational ExposuremedicineHumansPoisson regressioneducationMelanomaAgededucation.field_of_studyCumulative dosebusiness.industryBrain NeoplasmsPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthDose-Response Relationship RadiationMiddle Aged030210 environmental & occupational healthOccupational Diseases030220 oncology & carcinogenesisRelative riskCohortsymbolsAircrewFemalebusinessCosmic RadiationCohort studyOccupational and environmental medicine
researchProduct

Miniscrew-supported distal jet versus conventional distal jet appliance: A pilot study

2019

Background Maxillary molar distalization is the most frequently used nonextraction treatment in the correction of Class II malocclusion. The use of traditional intra-oral devices shows unreliable results. Nowadays the use of miniscrew-supported appliances helps prevent anchorage loss. The aim of this pilot study is to compare the amount of upper first molar distalization and the dentoalveolar side effects using traditional distal jet appliance and miniscrew-supported distal jet appliance. Material and methods 20 patients were randomly assigned to receive a treatment with miniscrew-supported distal jet appliance (Group A) or with traditional distal jet appliance (Group B). To ensure a safe a…

Orthodontics3d printedJet (fluid)3D printed surgical guide; distal jet appliance; miniscrew; molar distalization; skeletal anchoragebusiness.industryResearchLateral cephalogramsOrthodontics030206 dentistry:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]medicine.diseaseMandibular first molar03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinestomatognathic systemUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASMaxillary first molarmedicineMaxillary molarMaxillary central incisor030212 general & internal medicineMalocclusionbusinessGeneral DentistryJournal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry
researchProduct

Preload loss of abutment screws after dynamic fatigue in single implant-supported restorations. A systematic review

2017

Background To carry out a systematic literature review of the causes of preload loss of the abutment screws, of internal and external connection implants, tightened to different torque values and subjected to cyclic loading. Material and methods A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases with reference to in vitro studies in which internal and external connection implants were subjected to cyclic loads to determine the degree of loosening of the abutment screws after loading. Results The reviewed studies tested distinct implant connections (mostly externally hexed, and morse taper) subjected to diverse cycles (from 16667 to 1 million), with loads ran…

OrthodonticsProsthetic DentistryMaterials scienceSingle implant030206 dentistryReview:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]03 medical and health sciencesPreload0302 clinical medicineScrew looseningUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASCyclic loading030212 general & internal medicineImplantGeneral DentistryMorse taperAbutment (dentistry)Systematic search
researchProduct

Retrograde nailing versus locking plate osteosynthesis of proximal humeral fractures: a biomechanical study

2011

Background In locking plate osteosynthesis of proximal humeral fractures, secondary varus malalignment is a specific complication. Retron nails (Tantum AG, Neumunster, Germany), among others, have been designed to improve medial support of the calcar humeri. The aim of our biomechanical study was to examine whether Retron nails provide increased stiffness for axial loads and adequate stiffness for torsional loads when compared with Philos plates (Synthes AG, Umkirch, Germany). Materials and methods Twenty-two fresh-frozen paired humeri were collected. After potting the specimens, intact bones were exposed to sinusoidal axial (10-120 N) and torsional (±2.5 Nm) loading for 8 cycles to calcula…

Orthodonticsanimal structuresOsteosynthesisCalcarbusiness.industryBone ScrewsVarus malalignmentStiffnessGeneral MedicineAnatomyBone NailsProsthesis DesignBiomechanical PhenomenaLocking plateRadiographyFracture Fixation InternalHumeral fractureShoulder FracturesHumansMedicineOrthopedics and Sports MedicineSurgerymedicine.symptombusinessBone PlatesJournal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery
researchProduct

A rare case of peri-implant distal radius fracture☆

2021

A peri-implant fracture near the volar plate of distal radius represent a very rare injury. The main factor of this lesion is high energy trauma on the wrist. We report a case of a 61-year-old woman with a peri-implant fracture located just proximally to the plate and a fracture of the ulnar head that occurred after a simple fall. The patient was surgically treated by plate and screws removal. The fracture was fixed using a longer volar plate for the radial fracture and a plate for the head ulnar fracture. Different factors such as osteoporosis, BMI and screw position could influence the fracture pattern. However, considering growing use of plates for distal radius fracture fixation, the fr…

Osteoporosislcsh:SurgeryUlnar headCase ReportWristCritical Care and Intensive Care MedicinePeri-implant radius fracture03 medical and health sciencesFixation (surgical)0302 clinical medicineRare caseSettore MED/33 - Malattie Apparato LocomotoreMedicineOrthopedics and Sports MedicineWrist fractureOrthodontics030222 orthopedicsScrew positionbusiness.industry030208 emergency & critical care medicinelcsh:RD1-811medicine.diseaseRadius and ulna fracturebody regionsmedicine.anatomical_structureRadius hardware substitutionEmergency MedicineDistal radius fractureImplantbusinessTrauma Case Reports
researchProduct

FT-Raman determination of Mepiquat chloride in agrochemical products

2004

Abstract A fast and environmentally friendly procedure has been developed for Fourier transform Raman (FT-Raman) determination of a quaternary ammonium compound, Mepiquat chloride, in pesticide emulsifiable concentrate formulations. The method is based on the measurement of peak area values between 711 and 701 cm −1 corrected using a baseline defined at 620 cm −1 and interpolated in an external calibration of Mepiquat chloride standards dissolved in water. FT-Raman spectra were collected over 1.5 min from samples confined in screw cap standard chromatographic glass vials, at a nominal resolution of 4 cm −1 accumulating 25 scans per spectra and using a laser power of 1000 mW. Five commercial…

Peak areachemistry.chemical_compoundChromatographyFt ramanResolution (mass spectrometry)ChemistryCalibrationAnalytical chemistryMepiquat chlorideAmmoniumScrew capFourier transform ramanSpectroscopyVibrational Spectroscopy
researchProduct

European vestibular experiments on the Spacelab-1 mission: 4. Thresholds of perception of whole-body linear oscillation.

1986

Thresholds for the detection of linear oscillatory motion at 0.3 Hz in the X, Y and Z body axes were determined during the flight of Spacelab-1 and on the ground pre- and post-flight, using the method of limits with a single staircase procedure. Pre-flight, Z axis thresholds (mean 0.077 ms-2) were significantly higher than X and Y thresholds (mean 0.029 ms-2). Measures obtained on three crew members in-flight exhibited thresholds greater, by a factor of 1.5-4.3, than those obtained pre-flight. Post-flight, two crew members had significantly elevated X and Y axis thresholds whereas the other two crew members had lowered thresholds in X, Y and Z axes. In general, thresholds had returned to pr…

PhysicsVestibular systemOscillationWeightlessnessbusiness.industryMotion SicknessWeightlessnessGeneral NeuroscienceMathematical analysisAccelerationCrewAdaptation (eye)Space FlightAdaptation PhysiologicalOtolithic MembraneOpticsSensory thresholdSensory ThresholdsPsychophysicsPsychophysicsHumansVestibule LabyrinthWhole bodybusinessKinesthesisExperimental brain research
researchProduct