Search results for "Criminal Justice"
showing 10 items of 43 documents
A brief history of the formation of DNA databases in forensic science within Europe.
2001
The introduction of DNA analysis to forensic science brought with it a number of choices for analysis, not all of which were compatible. As laboratories throughout Europe were eager to use the new technology different systems became routine in different laboratories and consequently, there was no basis for the exchange of results. A period of co-operation then started in which a nucleus of forensic scientists agreed on an uniform system. This collaboration spread to incorporate most of the established forensic science laboratories in Europe and continued through two major changes in the technology. At each step agreement was reached on which systems to use. From the beginning it was realise…
PELIGROSIDAD, ALGORITMOS Y DUE PROCESS: EL CASO STATE vs. LOOMIS
2020
El movimiento contemporáneo tendente a la sustitución de la noción de peligrosidad por el enfoque de la valoración del riesgo (risk assessment), que se inició en el ámbito del derecho penitenciario y de ejecución de las penas, está llegando a otras fases del proceso penal, como la de sentencia. Presentándose como una práctica «basada en la evidencia» (evidence-based sentencing), propugna tomar en consideración las valoraciones estructuradas del riesgo de reincidencia a la hora de determinar la clase y cuantía de la pena a imponer, para adecuarla mejor a las necesidades de prevención especial. El presente trabajo analiza críticamente una de las primeras sentencias de un tribunal supremo esta…
MIRADA RESTAURATIVA DE LA JUSTICIA PENAL EN ESPAÑA, UNA BOCANADA DE AIRE EN LA SOCIEDAD GLOBAL LÍQUIDA DEL MIEDO Y DE LA SECURITIZACIÓN (A Restorativ…
2019
English Abstract: La evolucion historica de la Justicia Penal, fruto de la integracion de elementos poliedricos, heterogeneos y fusionados, que incidiendo en ambitos como la sociedad, la cultura, la economia, la demografia, la politica y un largo etcetera, tambien han alcanzado al mundo del derecho y por supuesto a los fundamentos y a la construccion de la idea de Justicia y a los postulados de la Justicia Penal en particular, permite la comprension del papel que en la actualidad, en el mundo globalizado que vivimos, asume la Justicia Penal. E igualmente facilita el entendimiento de las coordenadas que le son propias; unas coordenadas que se asientan en la vision economicista palmaria, en l…
Giustizia penale e tratta di esseri umani: i risvolti processuali della "vulnerabilità"
2017
Il contrasto dei fenomeni di tratta e di traffico di esseri umani mostra un processo di “contaminazione” fra normativa di tipo universale e regionale, caratterizzato dal rispetto dello standard di Duty of Due Diligence. Domina lo scenario italiano il concetto polifunzionale di “vulnerabilità”, direttamente trasfuso nella fattispecie sostanziale, recepito nel sistema processuale ed evidenziato da alcuni esiti giurisprudenziali. Esso, oltre a influenzare la determinazione del locus commissi delicti, gioca un ruolo di sicuro rilievo nel giustificare forme di anticipazione del contraddittorio e nel tratteggiare i contorni della prova dichiarativa “debole”. Ulteriori effetti la “vulnerabilità” e…
Quan la justícia és venjança, contra un jueu
2013
In Valencia, in the year 1380, the death of a child aged six unleashes hatred and fear. A Jewish man is accused of throwing a stone at him from his window. The Criminal Justice immediately opens a suit against him and, with amazing speed, pronounces sentence in less than three months. The prosecution, the defence and the witnesses provide a short but splendid picture of the lives of subordinate people in the lower classes, a picture that speaks of values, sociability and solidarity, unsteady roots and the always delicate relationship between Jews and Christians.[ca] La mort d’un nen de sis anys, a la València de 1380, desferma odis i temors. Un jueu és acusat d’haver-li llançat una pedrada …
Combining Resources: A Participatory Intervention Promoting Organisational Learning, Social Innovation and Interorganisational Collaborations In Crim…
2020
This chapter presents a participatory model for promoting organisational learning and innovation with potential application in criminal justice related organisations. We share the sensemaking process engaged in by the COLAB consortium tasked with comparing and contrasting a range of participatory interventions and developing a potentially hybrid model that combined the strengths of each. We describe this model on 11 key dimensions, that in themselves offer a useful tool through which different participatory methods might be compared. An expanded participatory model based on the Change Laboratory model and expansive learning cycle is presented, one augmented with the beneficial components of…
El camino hacia el reconocimiento legal de la violencia sexual contra la mujer en tiempos de guerra
2020
El objetivo de este trabajo es explorar el proceso de configuración de un Derecho Internacional que atienda al fenómeno de la violencia sexual contra las mujeres en contextos de conflictos armados, analizando el alcance del cambio de paradigma logrado en los años noventa con la tipificación y enjuiciamiento de la violencia sexual contra las mujeres en conflictos armados en el ámbito de la justicia penal internacional y, en última instancia, identificando posibles elementos sobre los que seguir avanzando hacia un Derecho Internacional que reconozca un estatus jurídico de las mujeres y huya de la imagen única de la mujer como víctima. © 2020 University of Valencia, Human Rights Institute. All…
Workplace burnout and health issues among Colombian correctional officers.
2018
IntroductionCorrectional employees typically work under adverse conditions that may enhance the occurrence of different negative psychological states. Burnout constitutes a high-risk phenomenon that may affect people's physical/mental health and welfare, especially in vulnerable occupational groups.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to characterize the burnout profile of correctional officers, and to associate their burnout profile with health issues and lifestyle factors.MethodsThe full sample was composed of 219 Colombian correctional officers with a mean age of 30.18 years. A questionnaire composed of three sections was employed: demographic data, burnout, and health information.Results…
The Phenomenology of Specialization of Criminal Suspects
2012
A criminal career can be either general, with the criminal committing different types of crimes, or specialized, with the criminal committing a specific type of crime. A central problem in the study of crime specialization is to determine, from the perspective of the criminal, which crimes should be considered similar and which crimes should be considered distinct. We study a large set of Swedish suspects to empirically investigate generalist and specialist behavior in crime. We show that there is a large group of suspects who can be described as generalists. At the same time, we observe a non-trivial pattern of specialization across age and gender of suspects. Women are less prone to commi…
Prevalence of intestinal parasites among inmates in Midwest Brazil.
2017
Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T17:40:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-09-21 Fundacao de Desenvolvimento, Ensino, Ciencia e Tecnologia do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul (FUNDECT) Background Intestinal parasitic infections constitute a public health issue in developing countries, with prevalence rates as high as 90%, a figure set to escalate as the socioeconomic status of affected populations deteriorates. Investigating the occurrence of these infections among inmates is critical, since this group is more vulnerable to the spread of a number of infectious illnesses. Methods This cross-sectional, analytical, quantitative study was conducted in July 2015 at prison…