Search results for "Cross-link"

showing 9 items of 99 documents

Chemical gels of scleroglucan obtained by cross-linking with 1,w-dicarboxylic acids: Synthesis and characterization

2005

Chemical gels obtained by cross-linking reaction between scleroglucan and I, omega-dicarboxylic acids having a number of carbon atoms from 4 to 8 in the chain, have been prepared and characterised. The networks show properties correlated with the number of carbon atoms of the acid and with the molar ratio carboxylic acid/glucose unit of the polymer (r) employed in the cross-linking reaction. The diffusion of theophylline, chosen as model drug, through the swelled cross-linked polymers has been also investigated and it has enabled the diffusion coefficients of the drug to be calculated under different environmental conditions. The release profiles of theophylline from tablets prepared with t…

chemistry.chemical_classificationDiffusionCarboxylic acidPharmaceutical Sciencechemistry.chemical_element1-omega-dicarboxylic acidPolymerSustained release dosage formsControlled releasechemistrycross-linking reactionPolymer chemistrySelf-healing hydrogelsmedicineTheophyllinehydrogelcontrolled releaseCarbonscleroglucanmedicine.drug
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pH-sensitive hydrogel based on a novel photocross-linkable copolymer.

2004

A pH sensitive hydrogel has been prepared by a UV irradiation technique. Starting polymer was the PHM (poly hydroxyethylaspartamide methacrylated) obtained from polyaspartamide (PHEA) partially derivatized with methacrylic anhydride (MA). This new copolymer has been further derivatized with succinic anhydride (SA) to obtain PHM-SA that has been cross-linked by UV irradiation to form a pH sensitive hydrogel. The network, recovered after washing as a powder, has been been characterized by FT-IR spectrophotometry and particle size distribution analysis. Moreover, to have information about water affinity of the prepared sample, swelling measurements have been carried out in aqueous media mimick…

chemistry.chemical_classificationPolymers and PlasticspH sensitive hydrogels polyaspartamide drug releasePolymersSuccinic anhydrideMethacrylic anhydrideChemical modificationBioengineeringHydrogelsPolymerHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationBiomaterialschemistry.chemical_compoundCross-Linking ReagentschemistryDrug deliveryPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryCopolymerMicroparticleDrug carrierNuclear chemistryBiomacromolecules
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d-Glucose as a multivalent chiral scaffold for combinatorial chemistry

2002

Due to their high density of functional groups and their availability in a variety of diastereomeric forms, monosaccharides are considered attractive scaffolds for combinatorial chemistry that allow the attachment and defined spatial alignment of up to five different pharmacophoric groups. For their application in combinatorial syntheses on solid phase, a set of selectively removable hydroxy protecting groups in combination with a cleavable anchor is required. Herein, we report on the construction and use of a versatile multivalent glucose building block for parallel synthesis on the solid phase.

chemistry.chemical_classificationSpectrometry Mass Electrospray IonizationScaffoldAlkylationMolecular StructureStereochemistryOrganic ChemistryDiastereomerHigh densityGeneral MedicineCrystallography X-RayBiochemistryCombinatorial chemistryAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCross-Linking ReagentsGlucosechemistryThioglycosidesD-GlucoseCombinatorial Chemistry TechniquesMonosaccharideChromatography High Pressure LiquidCarbohydrate Research
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Enhancement of structural, functional and antioxidant properties of fish gelatin films using Maillard reactions

2018

International audience; This study investigates the effect of Maillard reactions (MR) on the physico-chemical and biological properties of fish gelatin based edible films. Glucose was incorporated in gelatin film forming solutions at different glucose/lysine molar ratios: 0.5/1.0, 1.0/1.0 and 5.0/1.0. The MR was then induced by heating films at 90 °C for 24 h in dry conditions. Color changes and browning index measurements were used to pursue the MR kinetic. Results showed that the development of MR products was dependent on the glucose content and on the reaction time. Mechanical and thermal properties of treated films displayed an increase in tensile strength, elongation at break and glas…

food.ingredientAntioxidantDPPHGeneral Chemical Engineeringmedicine.medical_treatment[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]02 engineering and technologyGelatinContact anglesymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compound0404 agricultural biotechnologyfoodPhysicochemical propertyAntioxidant activitymedicineBrowning[SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular BiologyAqueous solutionChemistry04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology040401 food scienceMaillard reactionMaillard reactionGlucose/lysine ratiosymbolsFish gelatin0210 nano-technologyGlass transitionFood ScienceNuclear chemistryCross-linking
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Recent advances in the application of microbial transglutaminase crosslinking in cheese and ice cream products: A review

2018

Microbial transglutaminase (MTGase) has been currently utilized to form new food structures and matrices with high physicochemical stability. Incorporation of this multi-functional enzyme into structural composition of milk protein-based products, such as cheese and ice cream, can not only be a successful strategy to improve their nutritional and technological characteristics through intramolecular cross-linking, but also to reduce the production cost by decreasing fat and stabilizer contents. The recent research developments and promising results of MTGase application in producing functional formulations of cheese and ice cream with higher quality characteristics are reviewed. New interest…

food.ingredientFood HandlingOrganolepticBiochemistry0404 agricultural biotechnologyfoodCheeseStructural BiologyEnzyme StabilityAnimalsHumans[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process EngineeringFood scienceMolecular Biology2. Zero hungerTransglutaminasesMoisture[SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental EngineeringChemistryIce CreamFood additivefood and beveragesFood composition data04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesGeneral MedicineMilk Proteins040401 food scienceCross-Linking ReagentsWhey ProteinsIce creamFood TechnologyFood qualityMicrobial transglutaminaseStabilizer (chemistry)International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
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Impact of electron beam irradiation on fish gelatin film properties

2016

International audience; The objective of this work was to display the effect of electron beam accelerator doses on properties of plasticized fish gelatin film. Electron spin resonance indicates free radical formation during irradiation, which might induce intermolecular cross-linking. Tensile strength for gelatin film significantly increases after irradiation (improved by 30% for 60 kGy). The vapour permeability is weakly affected by irradiation. Surface tension and its polar component increase significantly and are in accordance with the increase of wettability. So, irradiation may change the orientation of polar groups of gelatin at the film surface and crosslink the hydrophobic amino aci…

food.ingredientMaterials scienceMechanical and water barrier propertiesCross linkingFree RadicalsSurface Properties[ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionMechanical-propertiesGamma-irradiationElectrons02 engineering and technologyGelatinAnalytical ChemistryCrystallinity0404 agricultural biotechnologyfoodUltimate tensile strength[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringAnimalsThermal stabilityIrradiationEnvironmental scanning electron microscopeWater-vapor permeabilityRadiationCalorimetry Differential ScanningSkin gelatinProtein filmsFishes[ SDV.IDA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringWater04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesGeneral Medicine021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology040401 food scienceEdible filmsChemical engineeringElectron beam irradiationGluten filmsBiodegradationGelatinWettingGelatin network0210 nano-technologyGlass transition[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionSurface hydrophobicityFood ScienceCross-linking
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Coupling tyrosol, quercetin or ferulic acid and electron beam irradiation to cross-link chitosan–gelatin films: A structure–function approach

2015

International audience; Marine industry by-products, chitosan and fish gelatin, entrapping natural antioxidants (ferulic acid, quercetin and tyrosol) were used to prepare edible active films by casting. The films were composed of chitosan and fish gelatin (1:1 w:w) and incorporating antioxidants (∼50 mg/g). After solvent evaporation (drying), the films were irradiated at 60 kGy by electron beam. This treatment aims at investigating the coupled effect of irradiation with the presence of active compound on the structure and functional properties of the films. Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) unravelled free radical formation during irradiation in films containing ferulic acid or tyrosol which fa…

food.ingredientMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsGeneral Physics and AstronomyNatural antioxidantsGelatinFerulic acidChitosanchemistry.chemical_compoundfoodChitosan–fish gelatin interactionsMaterials ChemistryOrganic chemistryThermal stability[SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular BiologyIrradiationchemistry.chemical_classificationOrganic ChemistryCross-linkPolymerTyrosolchemistryElectron beam irradiationEdible filmStructural and transport properties[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionNuclear chemistry
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Modulation of central corneal thickness by various riboflavin eyedrop compositions in porcine corneas

2012

Purpose To evaluate the modulatory effect of various riboflavin 0.1% and 0.2% compositions on the central corneal thickness (CCT) in fresh porcine corneas. Setting Department of Ophthalmology, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany. Design Experimental study. Methods The CCT in freshly enucleated porcine globes was measured by ultrasound pachymetry before and after (if applicable) deepithelialization and every 10 minutes thereafter during 120 minutes of eyedrop application. In Groups 1 and 2 (controls), no eyedrops were applied. In Groups 3 and 4, isotonic riboflavin eyedrops were used. In Groups 5 to 9, hypotonic riboflavin eyedrops were given. In Groups 10 and 11, preparat…

medicine.medical_specialtySwineRiboflavinRiboflavinCorneaCorneal edemaCorneaOphthalmologyIsotonicAnimalsMedicineBody Weights and MeasuresUltrasonographyPhotosensitizing Agentsbusiness.industryCorneal EdemaOsmolar ConcentrationUltrasound pachymetryHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationSensory SystemsSurgeryOphthalmologyCross-Linking ReagentsOphthalmic solutionsmedicine.anatomical_structurePhotochemotherapySurgeryOphthalmic SolutionsbusinessJournal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery
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Micromechanical Properties and Collagen Composition of Ruptured Human Achilles Tendon

2012

Background:The Achilles tendon is one of the strongest tendons in the human body, and yet it frequently ruptures, which is a substantial clinical problem. However, the cause of ruptures remains elusive.Hypothesis:Ruptured human Achilles tendon displays inferior biomechanical properties and altered collagen composition compared with noninjured tendon.Study Design:Controlled laboratory study.Methods:Biopsy specimens were obtained at the rupture site and the noninjured part of the tendon (internal controls) in 17 patients with acute Achilles tendon rupture. Age- and weight-matched human cadaveric Achilles tendons (external controls) were also obtained. Tendon samples were tested micromechanica…

musculoskeletal diseasesAdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and Rehabilitationmechanical propertiesta3111Achilles Tendontendon ruptureTendon Injuriescollagen contentBiopsyCadavermedicineHumansOrthopedics and Sports Medicineta315RuptureAchilles tendonmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryta3141AnatomyMiddle AgedTendon rupturemusculoskeletal systemBiomechanical PhenomenaTendonSurgerymedicine.anatomical_structurecollagen cross-linksFemaleCollagenAchilles tendon rupturemedicine.symptomCadaveric spasmbusinessThe American Journal of Sports Medicine
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