Search results for "Crystalline"

Asphalt mixtures modified with basalt fibres for surface courses

2018

Abstract This paper shows the results of an experimental study concerning the effect of introduction of basalt fibres in asphalt mixtures for surface course, mainly with regard to those to be used in urban areas, for dedicated bus lanes. Surface layers, where tire-pavement interactions occur, have to provide different properties such as high friction (very important for users’ safety), stability, resistance to meteorological agents, and contribution to the overall pavement performances. Considering that basalt fibres provide considerable physical and mechanical properties and above all high abrasion resistance, scope of the study is to evaluate the effects of these fibres on mixtures proper…

Surface plasmon propagation in metal nanowires

2012

Plasmonic circuitry is considered as a promising solution-effectivetechnology for miniaturizing and integrating the next generation ofoptical nano-devices. The realization of a practical plasmonic circuitry strongly depends on the complete understanding of the propagation properties of two key elements: surface plasmons and electrons. The critical part constituting the plasmonic circuitry is a waveguide which can sustain the two information-carriers simultaneously. Therefore, we present in this thesis the investigations on the propagation of surface plasmons and the co-propagation of surface plasmons and electrons in single crystalline metal nanowires. This thesis is therefore divided into …

Microfluidic Synthesis of Liquid Crystalline Elastomer Particle Transport Systems which Can Be Remote‐Controlled Magnetically

2019

1978

Ferroelectric polysiloxane liquid crystals with ‘de Vries’-type smectic A*–smectic C* transitions

2004

We report preliminary results of optical and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) experiments on the smectic A*−smectic C* transition in two ferroelectric liquid crystalline polysiloxanes. Although the optical tilt angle in the SmC* phases reaches values up to 30°, temperature-dependent SAXS measurements clearly reveal that the smectic layer spacing is basically conserved during the A*–C* transition as well as in the subsequent C* phase. Connected with the A*–C* transition we further observed a significant increase in birefringence, hence reflecting an increase of orientational order. The practical absence of layer shrinkage and the enhanced orientational ordering are consistent with the de …

Crystalline microstructure of boehmites studied by multi-peak analysis of powder X-ray diffraction patterns

2017

Nanocrystalline boehmite (gamma-aluminium-oxyhydroxide) is a material of industrial importance, the functionality of which follows from its crystalline microstructure. A procedure for preparing boehmite nanoparticles, comprising the formation of a precipitate by the alkalization of an aqueous solution of aluminium nitrate and subsequent hydrothermal aging, was previously elaborated. The application of an additive (maltitol or tartaric acid) to control the sizes and shapes of crystallites in the produced polycrystalline powder of boehmite was developed. The aim of this work is a study of the effect of the hydrothermal treatment time on nanocrystalline characteristics of boehmite, both in abs…

Many-body Green's function theory of electrons and nuclei beyond the Born-Oppenheimer approximation

2020

The method of many-body Green's functions is developed for arbitrary systems of electrons and nuclei starting from the full (beyond Born-Oppenheimer) Hamiltonian of Coulomb interactions and kinetic energies. The theory presented here resolves the problems arising from the translational and rotational invariance of this Hamiltonian that afflict the existing many-body Green's function theories. We derive a coupled set of exact equations for the electronic and nuclear Green's functions and provide a systematic way to approximately compute the properties of arbitrary many-body systems of electrons and nuclei beyond the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. The case of crystalline solids is discussed …

A Grain Boundary Formulation for the Analysis of Three-Dimensional Polycrystalline Microstructures

2013

A 3D grain boundary formulation is presented for the analysis of polycrystalline microstructures. The formulation is expressed in terms of intergranular displacements and tractions, that play an important role in polycrystalline micromechanics, micro-damage and micro-cracking. The artificial morphology is generated by Hardcore Voronoi tessellation, which embodies the main statistical features of polycrystalline microstructures. Each crystal is modeled as an anisotropic elastic region and the integrity of the aggregate is restored by enforcing interface continuity and equilibrium between contiguous grains. The developed technique has been applied to the numerical homogenization of cubic poly…

Scanning electron microscopy characterization of ZnSe single crystals grown by solid-phase recrystallization

2000

ZnSe single crystals were grown from n-type microcrystalline boules by a Solid Phase Recrystallization (SPR) method. The recrystallizations were performed under different atmospheres, Ar or Se, and pressures to investigate the influence of growth conditions on the structural features of the resulting crystals. The samples were mechanically and mechano-chemically polished in a bromine methanol solution and, then, etched in HCl for a short time, before characterization. The homogeneity and the nature of defects in the crystals were studied by Cathodoluminescence (CL) in the scanning electron microscope (SEM). CL measurements show the existence of slip bands in the recrystallized samples, like…

Microstructure, mechanical characteristics and cell compatibility of β-tricalcium phosphate reinforced with biodegradable Fe–Mg metal phase

2015

The use of beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) ceramic as a bioresorbable bone substitute is limited to non-load-bearing sites by the material׳s brittleness and low bending strength. In the present work, new biocompatible β-TCP-based composites with improved mechanical properties were developed via reinforcing the ceramic matrix with 30 vol% of a biodegradable iron-magnesium metallic phase. β-TCP-15Fe15Mg and β-TCP-24Fe6Mg (vol%) composites were fabricated using a combination of high energy attrition milling, cold sintering/high pressure consolidation of powders at room temperature and annealing at 400 °C. The materials synthesized had a hierarchical nanocomposite structure with a nanocrystal…