Search results for "D2 receptor"

showing 10 items of 23 documents

Sex differences in escape-avoidance response in mice after acute administration of raclopride, clozapine, and SCH 23390.

1998

Sex differences in the effects of haloperidol in the escape-avoidance response in mice have previously been found in various studies carried out in our laboratory. Males were more affected than females by the disruptive effects of this neuroleptic. The work described herein extended the study of these sex differences to raclopride, clozapine, and SCH 23390, using several doses of each drug in acute administration. The results showed dose-dependent sex differences in the deteriorating effects of these dopamine antagonists in the escape-avoidance response. Male mice were more affected by the inhibitory effects of these drugs, showing fewer escape responses and more nonresponses than females. …

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyClinical BiochemistryEscape responsePharmacologyToxicologyBiochemistryBehavioral NeuroscienceMiceDopamineEscape ReactionInternal medicineSalicylamidesmedicineHaloperidolAvoidance LearningAnimalsClozapineBiological PsychiatryPharmacologyRacloprideSex CharacteristicsDose-Response Relationship DrugReceptors Dopamine D1DopaminergicDopamine antagonistBenzazepinesDopamine D2 Receptor AntagonistsEndocrinologyDopamine receptorRacloprideDopamine AntagonistsFemalePsychologymedicine.drugSex characteristicsPharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
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Effects of sulpiride on the orienting movement evoked By acoustic stimulation in the Rat.

2000

Abstract Drugs that selectively block D 2 receptors are known to provoke a rapid cell firing increase followed by A9 and A10 dopaminergic (DA) neuron inactivation (depolarization block). In this study, possible relationships between cell firing rapid increase and specific behavioral effects, linked to sensorimotor integration, were investigated in the rat. To this purpose, with the aid of a video camera apparatus and a frame-by-frame analysis, effects of sulpiride-induced blockade of DA D 2 receptors were analyzed on the orienting movement of the head induced by acoustic stimulation. In a control group of rats, during trials lasting 20 min, latency and duration of head turning (HT) were 186…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyHead turningClinical BiochemistryStimulationSensorimotor integrationToxicologyBiochemistrySettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaBehavioral NeuroscienceInternal medicineOrientationmedicineAnimalsAttentionLatency (engineering)Rats WistarReceptorBiological PsychiatryPharmacologyNeuronsDose-Response Relationship DrugChemistryDopaminergicAntagonistDepolarizationD2 receptorRatsDopamine D2 Receptor Antagonistsmedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyAcoustic StimulationHead MovementsA9 and A10 neuronRatDopamine AntagonistsNeuronSulpirideSulpirideNeuroscienceCell firing increaseInjections Intraperitonealmedicine.drugPharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
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Hippocampal dopamine receptors modulate the motor activation and the increase in dopamine levels in the rat nucleus accumbens evoked by chemical stim…

2005

A number of studies have shown that chemical stimulation (using N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) infusions) or electrical stimulation of the ventral hippocampus (VH) elicits locomotor activation and sustained increases in nucleus accumbens (NAc) dopamine (DA) levels in rodents. How DA neurotransmission in NAc is involved in these effects has also been well established. However, the modulatory role of the DA receptors located in VH is not yet fully understood. The purpose of this study was to characterize the role played by VH D1 and D2 subtype receptors in both the locomotor activation and NAc DA increases induced by NMDA stimulation of the VH. This was assessed by studying how retrodialysis app…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyN-MethylaspartateDopamineMicrodialysisStimulationNucleus accumbensMotor ActivityHippocampusNucleus AccumbensReceptors Dopaminechemistry.chemical_compoundDopamineInternal medicineDopamine receptor D2medicineExcitatory Amino Acid AgonistsAnimalsRats WistarNeurotransmitterPharmacologyRacloprideBrain ChemistrySCH-23390Behavior AnimalChemistryReceptors Dopamine D1BenzazepinesStimulation ChemicalRatsPsychiatry and Mental healthDopamine D2 Receptor AntagonistsEndocrinologyDopamine receptorRacloprideDopamine AntagonistsNeurosciencemedicine.drugNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology
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Insulin and raclopride combine to decrease short-term intake of sucrose solutions.

2000

We have previously reported that the hormone insulin can modulate synaptic function of dopamine neurons. To evaluate whether insulin can alter performance of a task which is dependent on intact dopaminergic signaling, we tested rats in a five minute lick rate task, with a range of concentrations of sucrose or oil solutions. Rats received either ip (t -15 min) saline or the D2 receptor antagonist raclopride (50 microg/kg), and intraventricular (t -4 h) saline or insulin (5 mU). Although ineffective on its own, insulin combined with raclopride treatment resulted in significant suppression of sucrose lick rates compared to the saline/saline group. The overall results are consistent with our hy…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtySucrosePhysiologymedicine.medical_treatmentDopamineBiochemistryCellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundEndocrinologyDopamineInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsInsulinDrug InteractionsSalineRacloprideBehavior AnimalChemistryInsulinDopaminergicRatsSynaptic functionDopamine D2 Receptor AntagonistsEndocrinologyRacloprideDopamine AntagonistsHormonemedicine.drugPeptides
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3-Chlorotyramine Acting as Ligand of the D2 Dopamine Receptor. Molecular Modeling, Synthesis and D2 Receptor Affinity.

2014

We synthesized and tested 3-chlorotyramine as a ligand of the D2 dopamine receptor. This compound displayed a similar affinity by this receptor to that previously reported for dopamine. In order to understand further the experimental results we performed a molecular modeling study of 3-chlorotyramine and structurally related compounds. By combining molecular dynamics simulations with semiempirical (PM6), ab initio and density functional theory calculations, a simple and generally applicable procedure to evaluate the binding energies of these ligands interacting with the D2 dopamine receptors is reported here. These results provided a clear picture of the binding interactions of these compou…

Models MolecularMolecular modelChemistryReceptors Dopamine D2Organic ChemistryBinding energyAtoms in moleculesAb initioTyramineComputer Science ApplicationsMolecular dynamicsDopamine D2 Receptor AntagonistsStructural BiologyDopamine receptorComputational chemistryDopamine receptor D2Drug DiscoveryHydrocarbons ChlorinatedMolecular MedicineHumansDensity functional theoryMolecular informatics
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D2R striatopallidal neurons inhibit both locomotor and drug reward processes.

2009

The specific functions of dopamine D(2) receptor-positive (D(2)R) striatopallidal neurons remain poorly understood. Using a genetic mouse model, we found that ablation of D(2)R neurons in the entire striatum induced hyperlocomotion, whereas ablation in the ventral striatum increased amphetamine conditioned place preference. Thus D(2)R striatopallidal neurons limit both locomotion and, unexpectedly, drug reinforcement.

Time FactorsstriatumParkinson's diseaseStriatumNeurons -- drug effectsEnkephalins -- metabolism10263 Institute of Experimental ImmunologyMiceDopamine Uptake InhibitorsTyrosine 3-Monooxygenase -- geneticsCorpus Striatum -- cytologyDiphtheria ToxinGlutamate Decarboxylase -- metabolismstriatum; indirect opathway; A2A receptors; D2 receptors; locomotion; amphetamine addiction; Parkinson's diseaseNeuronsamphetamine addictionGlutamate DecarboxylaseGeneral NeuroscienceAmphetamine -- pharmacologyNeurodegeneration2800 General NeuroscienceEnkephalinsSciences bio-médicales et agricoleslocomotionmedicine.anatomical_structureA2A receptorsIntercellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsReceptors Dopamine D2 -- metabolismPsychologyLocomotionmedicine.drugHeparin-binding EGF-like Growth FactorProtein BindingGlobus Pallidus -- cytologyReceptors Dopamine D2 -- deficiencyReinforcement ScheduleTyrosine 3-MonooxygenaseGlutamate Decarboxylase -- geneticsLocomotion -- geneticsIntercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins -- genetics610 Medicine & healthMice TransgenicNerve Tissue ProteinsDiphtheria Toxin -- pharmacologyGlobus PallidusNeurons -- physiologyLocomotion -- drug effectsRewardDopamineDopamine receptor D2medicineNerve Tissue Proteins -- metabolismAnimalsGene Expression Regulation -- geneticsAmphetamineD2 receptorsReceptors Adenosine A2Receptors Dopamine D2indirect opathwayVentral striatumReceptors Adenosine A2 -- geneticsDopamine Uptake Inhibitors -- pharmacologymedicine.diseaseConditioned place preferenceCorpus StriatumMice Inbred C57BLGene Expression Regulation -- drug effectsAmphetaminenervous systemGene Expression RegulationProtein Binding -- drug effectsTyrosine 3-Monooxygenase -- metabolism570 Life sciences; biologyAutoradiographyConditioning OperantNeuronConditioning Operant -- physiologyNeuroscienceEnkephalins -- geneticsNature neuroscience
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Analysis of DRD2 Gene Polymorphism in the Context of Personality Traits in a Group of Athletes

2021

The presented study showed the relationship between dopamine receptor gene polymorphism and personality traits in athletes training in martial arts. Behavioral modulation resulting from a balance of the neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine to inactivation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and dysregulation of various pathways involved in attention and impulse control processes; Methods: The study was conducted among martial arts athletes. The study group included 258 volunteers and 284 controls. The genetic test was performed using the real-time PCR method; psychological tests were performed using standardized TCI questionnaires. All analyses were performed using STATISTICA 13.…

athletesSettore BIO/10 - Biochimicapersonality traitsgeneticsdopamineD2 receptor
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Prediction of properties of chiral compounds by molecular topology

1998

Abstract A common assumption in chemistry is that chiral behavior is associated with 3-D geometry. However, chiral information is related to symmetry, which allows the topological handling of chiral atoms by weighted graphs and the calculation of new descriptors that give a weight to the corresponding entry in the main diagonal of the topological matrix. In this study, it is demonstrated that, operating in this way, chiral topological indices are obtained that can differentiate the pharmacological activity between pairs of enantiomers. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of the D2 dopamine receptor and the σ receptor for a group of 3-hydroxy phenyl piperidines are specifically pr…

inorganic chemicalsStereochemistryIn Vitro TechniquesMain diagonalStructure-Activity RelationshipMatrix (mathematics)PiperidinesComputational chemistryMaterials ChemistryAnimalsHypnotics and SedativesReceptors sigmaheterocyclic compoundsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySpectroscopyGroup (mathematics)Chemistryorganic chemicalsStereoisomerismComputer Graphics and Computer-Aided DesignDopamine D2 Receptor AntagonistsCharacter (mathematics)Models ChemicalDrug DesignCentral Nervous System StimulantsMolecular topologyEnantiomerSymmetry (geometry)Chirality (chemistry)Journal of Molecular Graphics and Modelling
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Analysis of DRD2 Gene Polymorphism in the Context of Personality Traits in a Group of Athletes

2021

The presented study showed the relationship between dopamine receptor gene polymorphism and personality traits in athletes training in martial arts. Behavioral modulation resulting from a balance of the neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine to inactivation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and dysregulation of various pathways involved in attention and impulse control processes

media_common.quotation_subjectQH426-470ArticleReward systemDorsolateral Prefrontal CortexmedicineHumansPsychological testinggeneticsGenetics (clinical)media_commonPsychological TestsMartial artsPolymorphism GeneticbiologyAthletesReceptors Dopamine D2AddictionDopaminergicmedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationD2 receptorathletesReward dependencepersonality traitsHarm avoidancedopaminePsychologyClinical psychologyPersonalityGenes
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D1 receptors play a major role in the dopamine modulation of mouse ileum contractility

2010

Since the role of dopamine in the bowel motility is far from being clear, our aim was to analyse pharmacologically the effects of dopamine on mouse ileum contractility. Contractile activity of mouse ileum was examined in vitro as changes in isometric tension. Dopamine caused a concentration-dependent reduction of the spontaneous contraction amplitude of ileal muscle up to their complete disappearance. SCH-23390, D1 receptor antagonist, which per se increased basal tone and amplitude of spontaneous contractions, antagonized the responses to dopamine, whilst sulpiride or domperidone, D2 receptor antagonists, were without effects. The application of both D1 and D2 antagonists had additive effe…

medicine.medical_specialtyDopamineMouse ileumD1 receptorIn Vitro TechniquesSettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaEnteric Nervous SystemPotassium channelsContractilityMicechemistry.chemical_compoundDopamine receptor D1IleumDopamineInternal medicineDopamine receptor D2medicineAnimalsPharmacologySCH-23390Dose-Response Relationship DrugReceptors Dopamine D1BenzazepinesAdenosine receptorContractile activityD2 receptorDopamine D2 Receptor AntagonistsEndocrinologychemistryDopamine receptorDopamine AntagonistsEndogenous agonistAdenylyl CyclasesMuscle Contractionmedicine.drugPharmacological Research
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