Search results for "DASE"
showing 10 items of 1891 documents
Myeloperoxidase mediates neutrophil activation by association with CD11b/CD18 integrins.
2004
Recruitment and activation of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) reflects a primary immunological response to invading pathogens and has also emerged as a hallmark of vascular inflammation. One of the principal enzymes released upon PMN activation is myeloperoxidase (MPO), a heme protein that not only generates cytotoxic oxidants but also impacts deleteriously on nitric oxide-dependent signaling cascades within the vasculature. Because MPO also associates with the membrane of PMN, we evaluated whether MPO could also function as an autocrine modulator of PMN activation. The extent of PMN membrane-associated MPO was elevated in patients with acute inflammatory vascular disease compared with…
Kinetic properties of catecholoxidase activity of tarantula hemocyanin
2008
Phenoloxidases occur in almost all organisms, being essentially involved in various processes such as the immune response, wound healing, pigmentation and sclerotization in arthropods. Many hemocyanins are also capable of phenoloxidase activity after activation. Notably, in chelicerates, a phenoloxidase has not been identified in the hemolymph, and thus hemocyanin is assumed to be the physiological phenoloxidase in these animals. Although phenoloxidase activity has been shown for hemocyanin from several chelicerate species, a characterization of the enzymatic properties is still lacking. In this article, the enzymatic properties of activated hemocyanin from the tarantula Eurypelma californi…
The E3 Ubiquitin Ligase MID1 Catalyzes Ubiquitination and Cleavage of Fu
2014
Sonic Hedgehog (SHH)-GLI signalling plays an important role during embryogenesis and in tumorigenesis. The survival and growth of several types of cancer depend on autonomously activated SHH-GLI signalling. A protein complex containing the ubiquitin-ligase MID1 and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) regulates the nuclear localization and transcriptional activity of GLI3, a transcriptional effector molecule of SHH, in cancer cell lines with autonomously activated SHH signalling. However, the exact molecular mechanisms that mediate the interaction between MID1 and GLI3 remained unknown. Here, we show that MID1 catalyses the ubiquitination and proteasomal cleavage of the GLI3-regulator Fu. Our data…
Amplicon-based high-throughput pooled sequencing identifies mutations in CYP7B1 and SPG7 in sporadic spastic paraplegia patients
2011
Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is a neurodegenerative disorder defined clinically by progressive lower limb spasticity and weakness. HSP is a genetically highly heterogeneous condition with at least 46 gene loci identified so far, involving X-linked, autosomal recessive (AR) and autosomal dominant inheritance. For correct diagnosis, molecular testing is essential because clinical parameters by themselves are not reliable to differentiate HSP forms. The purpose of this study was to establish amplicon-based high-throughput genotyping for AR-HSP. A sample of 187 index cases with apparently sporadic or recessive spastic paraplegia were analyzed by applying an array-based amplification stra…
Chemical heterogeneity of amyloid in the carpal tunnel syndrome
1987
140 biopsies from 108 patients afflicted with the carpal tunnel syndrome were studied, 27 of whom showed deposition of amyloid, in 6 of them to such an extent that the amyloid was considered significant in the pathogenesis of the carpal tunnel syndrome. Morphologically, vessels and ligaments were affected and especially the peritendinous structures. As it was always part of generalized amyloidosis, the amyloid in the carpal tunnel consisted immunohistologically of amyloid A in three cases (including one case with simultaneous amyloid deposition of the AA- and the AB-type), of amyloid A kappa in one case, of amyloid of prealbumin origin in seventeen cases and of AB-amyloid in eight cases. We…
Parathyroid hormone-related peptide and 8701-BC breast cancer cell growth and invasion in vitro: evidence for growth-inhibiting and invasion-promotin…
1995
It has been previously reported that 8701-BC cells, derived from a primary carcinoma of the breast, constitutively express parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) gene and that N-terminal PTHrP immunoreactivity can be found in cell medium. Here we have firstly measured immunoreactive PTHrP in 8701-BC cell medium using antibodies raised against midregion and C-terminal fragments, and also demonstrated the expression of PTH/PTHrP receptor by 8701-BC cells. Secondly, we have examined the role, if any, elicited by diverse PTHrP domains on 8701-BC cell proliferation, and invasive behaviour in vitro related to production of extracellular proteolytic enzymes. Our data show that PTHrP [1-34], a…
Inhibition of xanthine oxidase to prevent statin-induced myalgia and rhabdomiolysis
2015
Although statins remain the cornerstone of lipid-lowering therapy for reducing the burden of atherosclerotic vascular disease, their administration has been associated with muscle-related adverse effects, including myalgia and rhabdomyolysis. Such adverse events are probably due to reduced antioxidant defenses associated with fewer intermediate metabolites in the cholesterol synthesis pathway. We hypothesize that the concomitant inhibition of xanthine oxidase via coadministration of allopurinol with statins could diminish reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related muscle damage, which would have in turn have positive effects on both the incidence of muscle-related adverse events and cardiovascul…
NEO1 and NEO-EXT studies: Long-term safety of repeat avalglucosidase alfa dosing for 4.5 years in late-onset Pompe disease patients
2019
Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and exploratory efficacy of repeat avalglucosidase alfa dosing (5, 10, or 20 mg/kg qow) for 6 months were evaluated in NEO1 (NCT01898364) in late-onset Pompe disease patients either treatment-naive (Naive) or having received alglucosidase alfa for ≥9 months (Switch). In NEO-EXT (NCT02032524), an ongoing NEO1 extension, long-term safety and pharmacokinetics of repeat avalglucosidase alfa dosing will be monitored over 6 years. Interim safety results after 4.5 years of NEO-EXT are reported here. Mean ages at NEO1 enrollment were: Naive: 44.8 (SD:20.3, range:20-78) years and Switch: 46.7 (SD:14.1, range:21-68) years. Of the 24 NEO1 parti…
Betanin inhibits myeloperoxidase/nitrite-mediated peroxidation of human low-density lipoprotein
2004
BETANIN INHIBITS MYELOPEROXIDASE/NITRITE-MEDIATED PEROXIDATION OF HUMAN LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN M. Allegra, L. Tesoriere, D. Butera, A.M. Pintaudi, M.A. Livrea Dipartimento Farmacochimico Tossicologico e Biologico - Facoltà di Farmacia - Università di Palermo - Via C. Forlanini 1 - 90134 Palermo INTRODUCTION: Betanin, the betalain red pigment occurring in the Cariophillalae order plants, including cactus pear, has recently been reported to posses reducing properties and to behave as lipoperoxyl radical-scavenger in vitro (1). In addition, this phytochemical is bioavailable, accumulates in human LDL after ingestion of cactus pear fruits, and is able to protect LDL against copper-induced oxid…
Plasma markers of platelet and polymorphonuclear leukocyte activation in young adults with acute myocardial infarction
2005
Our goal was to evaluate some plasma markers of platelet and polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) activation in a group of young adults with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) at the initial stage and after three months. We enrolled 49 AMI subjects aged<45 years and examined plasmatic levels of platelet factor 4 (PF4), β-thromboglobulin (β-TG), elastase and myeloperoxidase (MPO) using ELISA methods. PF4 and β-TG were increased, compared to control subjects, both at the initial stage and after 3 months. In control subjects and in AMI patients, at both times of observation, there was a significant and positive correlation between the two platelet parameters, while no correlation was present betwe…