Search results for "DECLINE"

BORRELIA BURGDORFERI SENSU LATO DETECTED IN SKIN OF NORWEGIAN MOUNTAIN HARES (LEPUS TIMIDUS) WITHOUT SIGNS OF DISSEMINATION

2011

The mountain hare (Lepus timidus) population in southern Norway appears to be in decline. Necropsy and laboratory examinations of 36 hares found dead or diseased during 2007-2009 in Vest- and Aust-Agder counties showed that disease and deaths were attributed to multiple causes, with no specific etiology emerging as a cause for population decline. To investigate whether Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) infection is associated with mortality in mountain hares, tissues and ticks collected from hares were investigated for infection with the spirochete. Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. DNA was not detected in samples from internal organs, whereas Borrelia afzelii, B. burgdorferi sensu stricto (s.…

Biomarkers clinici, biologici, cognitivi e comportamentali per la malattia di Alzheimer ed il Mild Cognitive Impairment: dati di popolazione dello Za…

Nel 2015, quasi 47 milioni di persone in tutto il mondo sono state colpite da demenza, e si prevede che i valori raggiungeranno 75 milioni entro il 2030 e 131 milioni entro il 2050, con il maggiore aumento previsto nei paesi a basso e medio reddito. Nonostante gli enormi costi dell'assistenza medica e sociale per i pazienti affetti da AD dipendano dalla gravità della malattia, i dati sulla prevalenza della demenza sulla base della gravità o dello stadio sono carenti soprattutto nei contesti rurali e con basso livello di istruzione. L'obiettivo principale di questo studio è di valutare l'interazione tra fattori di rischio legati alla fragilità, le performance cognitive e i sintomi comportame…

Cognitive Frailty: An Update

2021

This review article provides an update of the empirical research on cognitive fragility conducted in the last four years. The studies retrieved were classified in four different categories. The first category includes articles relating cognitive frailty to cognitive reserve and which continue to highlight the importance of educational level. The second category includes recent research on cognitive fragility biomarkers, involving neuroimaging, metabolism and, in a novel way, microbiota. The third category includes research on how cognitive frailty is related to motor development and physical functioning, exploring e.g. the use of technology to study motor markers of cognitive frailty. Final…

Successful turnarounds in bankrupt firms? Assessing retrenchment in the most severe form of crisis

2019

During economic downturns, firms file for bankruptcy in an effort to attempt a “turnaround.” The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of retrenchment strategies in the context of bankruptcy, as the most severe form of crisis. We conducted a longitudinal analysis of a sample of 868 bankrupt Spanish firms during the period 2004–2017. The empirical results show that stakeholder support and deep cost retrenchment increase the likelihood of survival and performance recovery, while aggressive layoffs are detrimental for turning bankrupt firms around. Surprisingly, intense asset retrenchment had no significant effects on firm survival and also pushed performance downward. The fi…

Microscopical and Mycological Investigations on Wood of Pendunculate Oak (Quercus robur L) Relative to the Occurrence of Oak Decline

1996

Summary Microscopical studies exhibited great differences between healthy and damaged pendunculate oak trees (Quercus robur L.) relative to the state of sapwood vessels and the degree of fungal infection. In the sapwood of damaged trees deposits, discolorations and early tylosis formations were found which frequently occurred in combination with fungal infections. These results lead to the assumption that the defence reaction of the trees probably induced by fungal infection changes the structure of the tree vessels to such an extent that their water transfer function is disturbed. Some fungal genera playing an important role in the discussion of the causes of oak decline could be isolated.…

Potential Benefits and Limitations of Enriched Environments and Cognitive Activity on Age-Related Behavioural Decline

2011

The main aim of this chapter is to review preclinical studies that have evaluated interventions which may aid in preventing or delaying age-related behavioural decline. Animal models of Environmental Enrichment (EE) are useful for evaluating the influence of cognitive, physical and social stimulation in mitigating cognitive decline at different ages. The EE paradigm has been proposed as a non-invasive treatment for alleviating age-related memory impairment and neurodegenerative diseases. While in this complex environment, rodents can be stimulated at different levels (physical, social, cognitive and sensorial), although a synergism between all these components is likely to play an important…

Differences on autobiographical memory in healthy aging and Alzheimer’s disease

2020

P2–206: Functional decline in mild cognitive impairment. Results from the regal project

2006

Fluência verbal fonêmica e semntica: dados normativos de idosos Brasileiros

2015

This study aims to investigate the influence of sociodemographic characteristics on the performance of older people on two tasks of verbal fluency and provide normative data for a Brazilian population of healthy elderly individuals with different educational levels. The initial sample included 521 individuals aged from 60 years, participating in the Program Family Health Strategy. Participants who had scores suggestive of cognitive decline on the Mini-Mental State Examination, depressive symptoms in Geriatric Depression Scale and self-reported neurological or psychiatric disorders were excluded. The final sample consisted of 218 participants in phonemic verbal fluency task (letters F, A and…

Nutritional screening of patients at a memory clinic--association between patients' and their relatives' self-reports.

2015

Aims and objectives To compare individual reports by patients and relatives (proxy) of the Nutritional Form For the Elderly and relate the Nutritional Form For the Elderly scores to Mini Mental Status Examination scores, weight loss, Body Mass Index, five-point Clock Drawing Test and background variables. Background Undernutrition or risk of undernutrition is a significant problem among people with dementia. A poor nutritional state increases the risk of infections, delayed convalescence after acute illness and reduced quality of life. Design A cross-sectional study. Method Application of the Nutritional Form For the Elderly in addition to clinical nutrition parameters and cognitive tests i…