Search results for "DEFICIT"

Prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder among children and adolescents in Spain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiologi…

2012

Abstract Background Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a commonly diagnosed neuropsychiatric disorder in childhood, but the frequency of the condition is not well established in many countries. The aim of the present study was to quantify the overall prevalence of ADHD among children and adolescents in Spain by means of a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods PubMed/MEDLINE, IME, IBECS and TESEO were comprehensively searched. Original reports were selected if they provided data on prevalence estimates of ADHD among people under 18 years old in Spain and were cross-sectional, observational epidemiological studies. Information from included studies was systematically ex…

Interventions in School Settings for Students With ADHD

2006

This article consists of a review of 16 research studies on treatments in school settings for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) carried out in the last decade. It includes both simple interventions and multicomponent interventions where different techniques are combined. Based on this revision, the conclusion is drawn that, based on the evidence, school-based treatments for ADHD are effective in the short run for reducing disruptive behaviors and improving on-task behavior and academic performance of children with ADHD. Issues regarding the limitations to generalizing the improvements over time and across content areas are discussed. Furthermore, results from the…

2017

Abstract Background Neurofeedback (NF) in children with ADHD has been investigated in a series of studies over the last years. Previous studies did not unanimously support NF as a treatment in ADHD. Most studies did not control for unspecific treatment effects and did not demonstrate that self-regulation took place. The present study examined the efficacy of NF in comparison to electromyographic feedback (EMG) to control for unspecific effects of the treatment, and assessed self-regulation of slow cortical potentials (SCP). Methods A total of 150 children aged 7 - 9 years diagnosed with ADHD (82% male; 43% medicated) were randomized to 25 sessions of feedback of slow cortical potentials (NF…

Can neurophysiological markers of anticipation and attention predict ADHD severity and neurofeedback outcomes?

2021

Abstract Neurophysiological measures of preparation and attention are often atypical in ADHD. Still, replicated findings that these measures predict which patients improve after Neurofeedback (NF), reveal neurophysiological specificity, and reflect ADHD-severity are limited. Methods We analyzed children’s preparatory (CNV) and attentional (Cue-P3) brain activity and behavioral performance during a cued Continuous Performance Task (CPT) before and after slow cortical potential (SCP)-NF or semi-active control treatment (electromyogram biofeedback). Mixed-effects models were performed with 103 participants at baseline and 77 were assessed for pre-post comparisons focusing on clinical outcome p…

Clinical risk factors for bipolar disorders: A systematic review of prospective studies

2014

Background: Early phases and suspected precursor states of bipolar disorder are not well characterized. We evaluate the prevalence, duration, clinical features and predictive value of non-affective psychopathology as clinical risk factors for bipolar disorder in prospective studies. Methods: We screened PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Embase, SCOPUS, and ISI-Web of Science databases from inception up to January 31, 2014, following PRISMA guidelines (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) and searched: bipolar disorder AND [antecedentn OR predictn OR prodromn OR prospectn OR riskn] AND [diagnosis OR development]. We included only English language reports on prospective…

Who says this is a modern disorder? The early history of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

2015

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a complex, heterogeneous and multifactorial neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. Although the first clinical description of a constellation of symptoms highly resembling to what currently could be diagnosed as ADHD is generally attributed to George F Still in 1902, there are scattered but significant published historical medical, scientific and non-scientific reports, much prior to Still's lectures, of what is currently conceptualized as ADHD. The present report aimed at exploring the early history of ADHD, prior to the 20(th) century in the medical literature and in…

Anterior Cervical Subaxial Treatment (Fusion)

2019

Cervical radiculopathy caused by a soft disc herniation or a foraminal stenosis is a common problem. While symptoms from soft disc herniations have high chances to recover after conservative therapy persisting radicular pain or a neurological deficit are accepted as an indication for surgical treatment. The surgical technique regarded as gold standard for cervical radiculopathy due to a disc herniation or foraminal stenosis is an anterior cervical discectomy followed by fusion. The chapter will outline the indications for anterior cervical discectomy, the clinical and radiographic results as well as the potential complications and secondary problems.

Health outcomes and costs in patients with osteoarthritis and chronic pain treated with opioids in Spain: the OPIOIDS real-world study.

2020

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze health outcomes, resource utilization, and costs in osteoarthritis patients with chronic nociceptive pain who began treatment with an opioid in real-world practice in Spain. Methods: We designed a non-interventional, retrospective, longitudinal study with 36 months of follow-up using electronic medical records (EMRs) from primary care centers, of patients aged 18+ years who began a new treatment with an opioid drug in usual practice for chronic pain due to osteoarthritis. Health/non-health resource utilization and costs, treatment adherence, pain change, cognitive functioning, and dependence for basic activities of daily living (BADL) we…

Visual Attention, Orthographic Word Recognition, and Executive Functioning in Children With ADHD, Dyslexia, or ADHD + Dyslexia

2019

Objective: The current study examined the differences in visual selective attention, orthographic word recognition, and executive functioning. Method: One hundred and forty Ecuadorian children in third and fifth grades of elementary school (8-10 years old) participated in the study—35 with only dyslexia (DD), 35 with the combined type of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD-C), 35 with disorders (DD + ADHD-C), and 35 typical development children (TD). Results: The Ecuadorian children with DD and/or ADHD-C in this age range usually have difficulties in visual selective attention, and also in orthographic word recognition. The executive functioning results showed that such func…

Prevalence and comorbidity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in Spain: study protocol for extending a systematic review with updated meta-a…

2019

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