Search results for "DENSITY"

Osteoporosi e diabete mellito. [Osteoporosis and diabetes]

2004

Diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis are chronic diseases with an elevated and growing incidence in the elderly. Recent epidemiological studies have demonstrated an elevated risk of hip, humerus and foot fractures in elder diabetic subjects. While type 1 diabetes is generally associated with a mild reduction in bone mineral density (BMD), type 2 diabetes, more prevalent in old subjects, is frequently linked to a normal or high BMD. Studies on experimental models of diabetes have suggested an altered bone structure that may help to explain the elevated risk of fractures observed in these animals and may as well help to explain the paradox of an incremented risk of fractures in type 2 diabetic …

LRP1 mediates bidirectional transcytosis of amyloid-β across the blood-brain barrier.

2011

According to the "amyloid hypothesis", the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide is the toxic intermediate driving Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Recent evidence suggests that the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) transcytoses Aβ out of the brain across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). To provide genetic evidence for LRP1-mediated transcytosis of Aβ across the BBB we analyzed Aβ transcytosis across primary mouse brain capillary endothelial cells (pMBCECs) derived from wild-type and LRP1 knock-in mice. Here, we show that pMBCECs in vitro express functionally active LRP1. Moreover, we demonstrate that LRP1 mediates transcytosis of [(125)I]-Aβ(1-40) across pMBCECs in both direct…

Determination of the modulus of elasticity of bone material by an acoustical approach at the forearm distinguishes women with and without vertebral f…

2002

The modulus of elasticity is a parameter characterizing fracture stability of bone independent of bone mineral density. Measurement of acoustical properties of the forearm by determination of the resonant frequency of the ulna in longitudinal direction as a function of sound transmission velocity after adjustment of the measuring result by ulna length yields information about the modulus of elasticity. It was the aim of this study to investigate whether this parameter may distinguish between subjects with and without vertebral fractures independent of bone mineral density. Fifty females (61.1 +/- 9.1 years) were enrolled into the study, 25 with, and 25 age-matched without prevalent osteopor…

Can the effects of gender, menopause and ageing on lipid levels be differentiated?

2016

The menopause, as well as ageing in both genders, can influence cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk1. An atherogenic lipoprotein profile, including small dense low density lipoprotein (sdLDL) particles, can be present even in normolipidaemic healthy young individuals (about 6%)2. If confirmed by larger studies, it will be necessary to consider different risk stratifications for those with atherogenic normolipidaemia and those with non-atherogenic hypercholesterolaemia. Furthermore, other changes associated with the menopause (increase in lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] levels, central obesity, endothelial dysfunction and systemic inflammation) may contribute to pro-atherogenic changes, while ethnicit…

Intermittent intramuscular clodronate therapy: a valuable option for older osteoporotic women

2005

Endogenous Hormones, Muscle Strength, and Risk of Fall-Related Fractures in Older Women

2006

Background. Among older people, fracture-causing fall often leads to health deterioration. The role of endogenous hormone status and muscle strength on fall-related fracture risk is unclear. This study investigates if, after adjustment for bone density, endogenous hormones and muscle strength would predict fall-related limb fracture incidence in older community-dwelling women followed-up over 10 years. Methods. As a part of a prospective population-based study, 187 75-year-old women were investigated. Serum estradiol, testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate concentrations were analyzed, and isometric muscle strength and bone mineral density were assess…

Associations Between Lipoprotein Subfractions and Area and Density of Abdominal Muscle and Intermuscular Adipose Tissue: The Multi-Ethnic Study of At…

2021

Skeletal muscle quantity and quality decrease with older age, which is partly attributed to ectopic fat infiltration and has negative metabolic consequences. To inform efforts to preserve skeletal muscle with aging, a better understanding of biologic correlates of quantity and quality of muscle and intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) is needed. We used targeted lipidomics of lipoprotein subfractions among 947 Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis participants to provide a detailed metabolic characterization of area and density of abdominal muscle and IMAT. Serum lipoprotein subfractions were measured at the first visit using 1H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy. Muscle and IMAT area (…

Effects of Nrf2 deficiency on bone microarchitecture in an experimental model of osteoporosis

2014

Objective. Redox imbalance contributes to bone fragility. We have evaluated the in vivo role of nuclear factor erythroid derived 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2), an important regulator of cellular responses to oxidative stress, in bone metabolism using a model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Methods. Ovariectomy was performed in both wild-type and mice deficient in Nrf2 (Nrf2-/-). Bone microarchitecture was analyzed by CT. Serum markers of bone metabolism were also measured. Reactive oxygen species production was determined using dihydrorhodamine 123. Results. Sham-operated or ovariectomized Nrf2 -/- mice exhibit a loss in trabecular bone mineral density in femur, accompanied by a reduction in co…

Genetic and Environmental Influence on Structural Strength of Weight-Bearing and Non-Weight-Bearing Bone: A Twin Study

2007

A bivariate genetic analysis among 217 older female twin pairs showed that, although the structural strength of tibia and radius are mainly regulated by same genetic and environmental factors, the tibia is more affected by environment. Introduction: The habitual loading environment of the bone may modulate the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors to bone structure. The purpose of this study was to estimate the contribution of the common and site-specific genetic and environmental factors to interindividual variation in compressive structural strength of the weight-bearing tibia and non–weight-bearing radius. Materials and Methods: pQCT scans were obtained from both mem…

Researches Regarding the Species Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera Le Conte in Sibiu County

2010

From the very beginning of the recording of its appearance in Europe as well as in
 our country the published material emphasized the harmful potential of the pest Diabrotica virgifera
 virgifera also drawing the attention to the scientific world and to the farmers as well upon this factor
 of reduction of the production of corn.
 In Sibiu County this species was first recorded in 2001, coming from West, at the border with
 Alba County. The first gatherings were done in Miercurea Sibiului. The investigation was done during
 2001–2009 concerning in: monitoring the adults and the larvae, the identification of the attacked
 plants, the way of harming both for…