Search results for "DETECT"

showing 10 items of 5902 documents

Effect of Kernels Used for the Reconstruction of MDCT Datasets on the Semi-Automated Segmentation and Volumetry of Liver Lesions

2014

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of different reconstruction kernels on the semi-automated segmentation of liver lesions in MDCT. Materials and Methods: A total 62 liver lesions were measured by three independent radiologists with the semi-automated segmentation software Oncology-Prototype (Fraunhofer MEVIS, Siemens Healthcare, Germany) using MDCT datasets (3-mm slice thickness, 2-mm increment) reconstructed with standard, soft and detailed kernels (Philips B, A and D). To ensure objective measurements, only lesions with satisfactory initial segmentation were included, and manual correction was not used. The effective diameter and volume were recorded for each lesion. Segmentation in the sof…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyLung NeoplasmsInitial SeedAutomated segmentationBreast NeoplasmsTumor responseSensitivity and SpecificityMultidetector Computed TomographyImage Processing Computer-AssistedmedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingSegmentationTumor growthAgedMathematicsAged 80 and overbusiness.industryLiver NeoplasmsPattern recognitionSpiral Cone-Beam Computed TomographyGold standard (test)Middle AgedTumor BurdenEffective diameterLiverKernel (statistics)FemaleArtificial intelligenceRadiologyColorectal NeoplasmsbusinessSoftwareRöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren
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MRI in lung transplant recipients using hyperpolarized 3He: comparison with CT.

2002

PURPOSE To elucidate the ability of 3He-MRI to detect ventilation defects in lung transplant recipients, 3He-MRI was compared to CT for concordance. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined 14 lung recipients using 3He-MRI on a 1.5 T MR scanner. CT served as a reference method. Up to four representative ventilation defects were defined for each lung on 3He-MRI and compared to corresponding areas on CT. RESULTS Altogether, 59 representative ventilation defects were defined on 3He-MRI. Plausible CT correlates were found for 29 ventilation defects; less plausible CT correlates were found for eight defects. In 22 defects (37%) no corresponding CT changes were detected. CT demonstrated correlates for v…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyLungbusiness.industryConcordanceEarly detectionBronchiolitis obliteransMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseHeliumMagnetic Resonance ImagingSensitivity and Specificitymedicine.anatomical_structuremedicineBreathingHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingFemaleRadiologybusinessPulmonary VentilationTomography X-Ray ComputedLungLung TransplantationJournal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI
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Evaluation of the diagnostic value of a Modified Liquid-Based Cytology using OralCDx Brush in early detection of oral potentially malignant lesions a…

2009

Objectives: To determine diagnostic value of modified Liquid Based Brush Biopsy technique. Study design: 26 oral premalignant and malignant lesions in 25 patients (12 females; 54.23±19.77 years and 13 males; 53.77±15.43 years) underwent Modified (Liquid Based) Brush Biopsy and scalpel biopsy simultaneously from the same area. Results: There were 16 positive and 10 negative brush biopsy results, with no inadequate readings. Histological findings were compatible with oral leukoplakia(n=5)with dysplasia, Oral lichen planus and lichenoid reaction(n=7) (with or without dysplasia)oral squamous cell carcinoma(n=11),verrucous carcinoma(n=1) and granular cell tumors( n=2). Sensitivity, specificity, …

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPathologyBiopsyEarly detectionGastroenterologylaw.inventionYoung AdultlawInternal medicineBiopsymedicineHumansGeneral DentistryEarly Detection of CancerAgedmedicine.diagnostic_testVerrucous carcinomabusiness.industryBrushCancerMiddle Agedmedicine.disease:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]stomatognathic diseasesOtorhinolaryngologyDysplasiaLiquid-based cytologyUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASSurgeryOral lichen planusFemaleMouth Neoplasmsbusiness
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Morphometric assessment of testicular changes in drug-related fatalities.

2000

Testicular sections of 50 deceased drug addicts were examined by light microscopy using morphometric methods and determining the extent of spermatogenesis by application of the Johnsen score count. Twenty cases of violent death served as reference sample. The study was aimed at obtaining data about the degree of germinal gland damage following the duration of the individual drug career, which was correlated to the histologic findings. Progressively reduced maturation of germinal cells, decrease of tubular diameter and height of sperm-producing epithelium were found the longer the individual case history has been. The results clearly indicated a substantial impairment of male fertility in th…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPathologyTime FactorsSubstance-Related DisordersBiopsyPhysiologyAutopsySeverity of Illness IndexTesticular DiseasesPathology and Forensic MedicineMale infertilityRisk FactorsSeverity of illnessBiopsymedicineHumansSpermatogenesisInfertility Malemedicine.diagnostic_testSperm Countbusiness.industryMedical jurisprudenceCase-control studyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseSubstance Abuse DetectionCase-Control StudiesEtiologyDisease ProgressionAutopsybusinessLawSpermatogenesisForensic science international
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Desmopresssin and hemodilution: implications in doping.

2009

Blood doping improves physical performance in sport. This is the reason why the antidop- ing authorities subject athletes to blood tests. Plasma volume expanders are prohibited agents used to reduce an artifi cial increase in hemato- logical values using diff erent illegal practices. The aim of our study was to test whether desmo- pressin (DDAVP)-induced hemodilution would alter the concentration of hematological param- eters used to detect blood doping in sports. This was an intra-subject crossover study. Venous blood samples were obtained from eight physi- cally active males on two occasions. On the fi rst o ccasion the subjects ingested 1.5 L of mineral water and 4.3 μ g / kg of DDAVP. O…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationHematocritchemistry.chemical_compoundHemoglobinsYoung AdultBlood dopingInternal medicinemedicineHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineDeamino Arginine VasopressinDesmopressinDoping in SportsCreatinineHemodilutionCross-Over Studiesmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryAntidiuretic AgentsAlbuminVenous bloodCrossover studySubstance Abuse DetectionEndocrinologychemistryHematocritHemoglobinbusinessmedicine.drugSportsInternational journal of sports medicine
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Screening for gastric cancer using exhaled breath samples.

2019

Abstract Background The aim was to derive a breath-based classifier for gastric cancer using a nanomaterial-based sensor array, and to validate it in a large screening population. Methods A new training algorithm for the diagnosis of gastric cancer was derived from previous breath samples from patients with gastric cancer and healthy controls in a clinical setting, and validated in a blinded manner in a screening population. Results The training algorithm was derived using breath samples from 99 patients with gastric cancer and 342 healthy controls, and validated in a population of 726 people. The calculated training set algorithm had 82 per cent sensitivity, 78 per cent specificity and 79 …

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPopulationEarly detectionCancer detectionGastroenterologySensitivity and Specificity03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineStomach NeoplasmsInternal medicineMedicineHumansMass Screeningeducation030304 developmental biology0303 health scienceseducation.field_of_studyTraining setbusiness.industryConfoundingCase-control studyReproducibility of ResultsMiddle AgedBreath Tests030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCase-Control StudiesSurgerybusinessAlgorithmsThe British journal of surgery
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Panoramic and skull imaging may aid in the identification of multiple myeloma lesions

2018

Background The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of punched-out lesions in craniofacial bones using three different radiographic protocols in a large cohort of patients. Material and Methods One hundred fifty-five MM patients were evaluated using panoramic and skull (frontal and lateral) radiographs, which were performed in all patients at the time of MM diagnosis. The diagnostic potential for detecting punched-out lesions was compared among the radiographic techniques. Results MM punched-out lesions were identified in 135 (87%) panoramic radiographs, 141 (91%) frontal and 144 (93%) lateral skull radiographs. Punched out-lesions were synchronously present in skull and ja…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyRadiographyBone NeoplasmsFacial Bones03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRadiography PanoramicmedicineHumansNEOPLASIAS DE CABEÇA E PESCOÇOCraniofacialGeneral DentistryMultiple myelomaAgedRetrospective StudiesAged 80 and overOral Medicine and Pathologyintegumentary systembusiness.industryResearchSkull030206 dentistryMiddle Aged:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]medicine.diseaseLarge cohortSkullCross-Sectional Studiesmedicine.anatomical_structureOtorhinolaryngologyBone lesion030220 oncology & carcinogenesisUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASFemaleSurgeryRadiologyDetection rateMultiple MyelomabusinessMedicina Oral Patología Oral y Cirugia Bucal
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Analysis of thiamine transporter genes in sporadic beriberi

2014

Abstract Objective Thiamine or vitamin B 1 deficiency diminishes thiamine-dependent enzymatic activity, alters mitochondrial function, impairs oxidative metabolism, and causes selective neuronal death. We analyzed for the first time, the role of all known mutations within three specific thiamine carrier genes, SLC19 A2, SLC19 A3 , and SLC25 A19 , in a patient with atrophic beriberi, a multiorgan nutritional disease caused by thiamine deficiency. Methods A 44-year-old male alcoholic patient from Morocco developed massive bilateral leg edema, a subacute sensorimotor neuropathy, and incontinence. Despite normal vitamin B 1 serum levels, his clinical picture was rapidly reverted by high-dose in…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtySLC19 A- SLC25 A19SLC19 AEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismGene mutationBeriberimedicine.disease_causeMitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteinslaw.inventionBeriberilawInternal medicineGenotypemedicineThiamine transporterObjective: Thiamine or vitamin B1 deficiency diminishes thiamine-dependent enzymatic activity alters mitochondrial function impairs oxidative metabolism and causes selective neuronal death. We analyzed for the first time the role of all known mutations within three specific thiamine carrier genes SLC19 A2 SLC19 A3 and SLC25 A19 in a patient with atrophic beriberi a multiorgan nutritional disease caused by thiamine deficiency. Methods: A 44-year-old male alcoholic patient from Morocco developed massive bilateral leg edema a subacute sensorimotor neuropathy and incontinence. Despite normal vitamin B1 serum levels his clinical picture was rapidly reverted by high-dose intramuscular thiamine treatment suggesting a possible genetic resistance. We used polymerase chain reaction followed by amplicon sequencing to study all the known thiamine-related gene mutations identified within the Human Gene Mutation Database. Results: Thirty-seven mutations were tested: 29 in SLC19 A2 6 in SLC19 A3 and 2 in SLC25 A19. Mutational analyses showed a wild-type genotype for all sequences investigated. Conclusion: This is the first genetic study in beriberi disease. We did not detect any known mutation in any of the three genes in a sporadic dry beriberi patient. We cannot exclude a role for other known or unknown mutations in the same genes or in other thiamine-associated genes in the occurrence of this nutritional neuropathy.HumansThiamineGenePolymerase chain reactionGeneticsMutationNutrition and DieteticsbiologyMembrane Transport ProteinsThiamine Deficiencymedicine.diseaseAlcoholismEndocrinologyMutationbiology.proteinThiamineMutations
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Clinical performance of the Nevisense system in cutaneous melanoma detection: an international, multicentre, prospective and blinded clinical trial o…

2014

Summary Background Even though progress has been made, the detection of melanoma still poses a challenge. In light of this situation, the Nevisense electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) system (SciBase AB, Stockholm, Sweden) was designed and shown to have the potential to be used as an adjunct diagnostic tool for melanoma detection. Objectives To assess the effectiveness and safety of the Nevisense system in the distinction of benign lesions of the skin from melanoma with electrical impedance spectroscopy. Methods This multicentre, prospective, and blinded clinical study was conducted at five American and 17 European investigational sites. All eligible skin lesions in the study were exami…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtySkin NeoplasmsAdolescentMedizinDermoscopyDermatologySensitivity and SpecificityBreslow ThicknessYoung AdultPositive predicative valueBiopsymedicineElectric ImpedancePhotographyHumansddc:610Prospective StudiesProspective cohort studyMelanomaEarly Detection of CancerAgedAged 80 and overmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryMelanomaOriginal ArticlesMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseDermatologySurgeryClinical trialCarcinoma Basal CellDielectric SpectroscopyCutaneous melanomaCarcinoma Squamous CellFemalePatient SafetySkin cancerbusinessThe British journal of dermatology
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Total body skin examination for skin cancer screening in patients with focused complaints

2012

Background. The value of total body skin examination (TBSE) for skin cancer screening is controversial. Objective: We sought to determine whether TBSE could be helpful in patients with focused skin symptoms who would not otherwise have undergone TBSE. Methods: In a prospective, multicenter, cross-sectional study consecutive adult patients were recruited during a period of 18 months. Physicians first inspected, problem areas and uncovered areas and then performed TBSE. Equivocal lesions detected in both steps were excised or biopsied. Primary outcomes were the absolute and relative risks of missing skin cancer and the number of patients needed to examine to detect melanoma or another maligna…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtySkin NeoplasmsBiopsyprevalenceDermoscopyPhysical examinationDermatologydermatoscopyMalignancySkin Diseasesskin cancer; dermoscopy; prevention; prevalencetotal body skin examinationpreventionAdult; Aged; Biopsy; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dermoscopy; Early Detection of Cancer; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Physical Examination; Prospective Studies; Skin Diseases; Skin NeoplasmsBiopsymedicinemelanomaHumansProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyPhysical ExaminationEarly Detection of CancerAgedCross-Sectional StudieDermatoscopyintegumentary systemmedicine.diagnostic_testskin cancerbusiness.industrySkin DiseaseMelanomascreeningpigmented skin lesionsMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseDermatologyProspective StudieCross-Sectional Studiestotal body skin examination; melanoma; skin cancer; preventionRelative riskFemalenonmelanoma skin cancerdermoscopySkin cancerbusinessHuman
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