Search results for "DETECT"
showing 10 items of 5902 documents
Screening for colorectal cancer with immunochemical faecal occult blood tests.
2012
Population-based studies have shown that guaiac faecal occult blood testing followed by colonoscopy in case of positivity can reduce colorectal cancer mortality. However these tests have been criticised for their fairly low sensitivity. For this reason attention has been given to alternative tests. The aim of this paper is to review the evidence for screening for colorectal cancer using qualitative immunochemical faecal occult blood tests. For the complete range of tested cut-off values, immunochemical faecal occult blood tests lead to higher diagnostic yield, improved sensitivity and greater participation. The optimal number of samples and the optimal cut-off value has to suit local resour…
A Monte Carlo-aided design of a modular 241Am-Be neutron irradiator
2013
Monte Carlo studies aimed at designing a modular 241Am-Be neutron irradiator for testing neutron detectors and personal dosimeters and processing large volume samples are reported in this study. The evaluation of the shapes and thicknesses of the moderator and shielding materials was carried out by a MCNP5 Monte Carlo simulation code. The reliability of the simulation was experimentally verified by the activation of gold foils and TLD dosimeter measurements in an irradiation cell placed at the center of the test configuration.
A survey on sleep questionnaires and diaries.
2017
[EN] Sleep assessment is a fundamental part of health evaluation. In fact, many diseases (such as obesity, diabetes, or hypertension, as well as psychiatric, neurological, and cardiovascular diseases) produce sleep disorders that are often used as indicators, diagnosis (symptoms), or even as predictors (eg, for depression) of health. For this reason, many efforts have been devoted to designing methods to control and report on sleep quality. Two of the most used sleep assessment tools are sleep questionnaires and sleep diaries. Both methods have a very low cost are easy to administer do not require a sleep centre (unlike, eg, polysomnography), and can be self-administered. Most important, as…
Screening of colorectal cancer: present and future
2017
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in males and second in females, and the fourth most common cause of cancer death worldwide. Currently, about 60-70% of diagnosed cases in symptomatic patients are detected at an advanced stage of disease. Earlier stage detection through the use of screening strategies would allow for better outcomes in terms of reducing the disease burden. Areas covered: The aim of this paper is to review the current published evidence from literature which assesses the performance and effectiveness of different screening tests for the early detection of CRC. Expert commentary: Adequate screening strategies can reduce CRC incidence and mortality. In th…
Imaging of inner ear malformations: a primer for radiologists
2021
AbstractIn the multidisciplinary management of patients with inner ear malformations (IEMs), the correct diagnosis makes the differences in terms of clinical and surgical treatment. The complex anatomical landscape of the inner ear, comprising several small structures, makes imaging of this region particularly challenging for general radiologists. Imaging techniques are important for identifying the presence and defining the type of IEM and the cochlear nerve condition. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) are the mainstay imaging techniques in this area. Dedicated MRI and HRCT protocols play an important role in the diagn…
Electrochemical detection and screening of bladder cancer recurrence using direct electrochemical analysis of urine: A non-invasive tool for diagnosis
2018
Although detection of urothelial cell carcinoma (or bladder cancer, BC) can be performed via cytological, molecular and genetic marker tests on urine, cystoscopy, an invasive technique, still remains as the gold methodology in clinical practice. It is presented a non-invasive method for detecting BC recurrence consisting of a direct electrochemical test in urine combining voltammetric data at gold and glassy carbon electrodes. The diagnosis is based on the ratio between characteristic voltammetric features recorded for tryptophan, serotonin and melatonin and other related metabolites. The method was tested by means of a clinical trial with 30 patients diagnosed of bladder cancer and a two c…
ICUD-EAU International Consultation on Bladder Cancer 2012: Non–Muscle-Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder
2012
Item does not contain fulltext CONTEXT: Our aim was to present a summary of the Second International Consultation on Bladder Cancer recommendations on the diagnosis and treatment options for non-muscle-invasive urothelial cancer of the bladder (NMIBC) using an evidence-based approach. OBJECTIVE: To critically review the recent data on the management of NMIBC to arrive at a general consensus. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A detailed Medline analysis was performed for original articles addressing the treatment of NMIBC with regard to diagnosis, surgery, intravesical chemotherapy, and follow-up. Proceedings from the last 5 yr of major conferences were also searched. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: The major findi…
Visual processing in patients with age-related macular degeneration performing a face detection test
2017
Purpose: People with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) have difficulties in familiar face recognition and facial expression discrimination. Our aim was to evaluate the visual processing of faces in AMD patients and whether this would be improved by anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy. This was a prospective interventional cohort study. Patients: Twelve patients with monocular wet AMD and 6 control subjects were recruited. Face detection processes were studied using cortical event-related potentials (ERPs). Patients received 3 bevacizumab intravitreal injections to the single affected eye. At baseline and 4–6 weeks after the last injection, clinical presentation and ERPs of …
Aerobiology: an ecological indicator for early detection and control of fungal outbreaks in caves
2011
5 pages, 1 table, 13 references.
Auditory cortical and hippocampal local-field potentials to frequency deviant tones in urethane-anesthetized rats: An unexpected role of the sound fr…
2015
Abstract The human brain can automatically detect auditory changes, as indexed by the mismatch negativity of event-related potentials. The mechanisms that underlie this response are poorly understood. We recorded primary auditory cortical and hippocampal (dentate gyrus, CA1) local-field potentials to serial tones in urethane-anesthetized rats. In an oddball condition, a rare (deviant) tone ( p = 0.11) randomly replaced a repeated (standard) tone. The deviant tone was either lower (2200, 2700, 3200, 3700 Hz) or higher (4300, 4800, 5300, 5800 Hz) in frequency than the standard tone (4000 Hz). In an equiprobability control condition, all nine tones were presented at random ( p = 0.11). Diffe…