Search results for "DEXA"
showing 10 items of 264 documents
Coexpression of inducible NO synthase and soluble guanylyl cyclase in colonic enterocytes: a pathophysiologic signaling pathway for the initiation of…
1998
Infectious diarrhea is often caused by the exotoxins of gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli. However, these organisms also contain lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxin. LPS induces nitric oxide synthase II (NOS II, inducible NOS) in various types of cells. We now demonstrate by RNase protection analysis, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry that the expression of NOS II mRNA and protein is markedly induced in colonic enterocytes of mice that ingest LPS with their drinking water. Using the same techniques, significant levels of soluble guanylyl cyclase (GC-S), the effector enzyme of NO, were found constitutively expressed in the mucosa. This creates a pathophysiologic autocrine p…
The Effect of Dexamethasone and Diuretics on Peritumor Brain Edema: Comparative Study of Tissue Water Content and CT
1976
Eighteen brain tumor patients were pre-operatively treated with dexamethasone, 4 × 4 mg i.m. for 4–6 days, and furosemide, 3 × 40 mg p.o. for 2–4 days. Water and electrolyte content were determined in biopsies removed from peritumoral cortex and white matter during operation and compared with the results from 31 patients not pre-treated and 28 patients treated with dexamethasone alone (16–24 mg i.m./day for 4–6 days). While the water content in cortex did not change significantly it fell in white matter from 79.90 ± 0.81 in untreated to 77.29 ± 0.76 in dexamethasone-treated and to 75.53 ± 1.03 in patients treated with a combination of dexamethasone and furosemide. With the diminution of wat…
Double-Blind Study on the Effects of Steroids on Severe Closed Head Injury
1976
The results of a double-blind study on the effects of a low dose and a high dose of dexamethasone on severe closed head injury are presented. The steroid, particularly in high dose, reduced mortality, improved the neurologic course and the final outcome. Timing of steroid administration is of great importance.
Intraoperative dexamethasone intravitreal implant in diabetic macular edema patients undergoing phacoemulsification: The CataDex study
2021
Purpose To assess the impact of preoperative intravitreal dexamethasone implant (DexI) on functional and anatomic outcomes in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) who underwent phacoemulsification cataract surgery. Methods Prospective and non-comparative study conducted on consecutive DME patients undergoing cataract surgery. DexI was administered 15 days before surgery and in a pro re nata regime after surgery. Main outcome measures were mean change in central retinal thickness (CRT), central subfield thickness (CST), total macular volume (TMV), and central subfield volume (CSV) from baseline to month-12. Secondary outcome was mean change in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA). Resul…
Induction of Drug Transporters Alters Disposition of Risperidone - A Study in Mice
2010
Pharmacokinetic interactions, e.g. modulation of drug transporters like P-glycoprotein at the blood-brain barrier, can be a reason for treatment non-response. This study focuses on the influence of induction of drug transporters on the disposition of the antipsychotic drugs risperidone and 9-hydroxyrisperidone. Brain and serum concentrations of risperidone and its active metabolite 9-hydroxyrisperidone, which are known P-glycoprotein substrates, were measured after drug transporter induction with rifampicin, dexamethasone or 5-pregnene-3beta-ol-20-on-16alpha-carbonitrile using high performance liquid chromatography. Disposition of risperidone and 9-hydroxyrisperidone was dramatically decrea…
The effects of recent Spanish pension reforms on sustainability and pension adequacy
2017
ABSTRACTThe Spanish pension system has been recently reformed as a response to the demographic challenge and with the objective of ensuring the sustainability of the pension system in the long-term. The overall reforms include changes in the majority of the system parameters, a new indexation rule and a sustainability factor that links life expectancy and the first pension amount. The aim of this work is to analyse how these reforms affect two important features of a pension system: fiscal sustainability and adequacy. For this purpose, the real internal rate of return (IRR) of the lifetime contributions and benefits and the prospective gross theoretical replacement rate (TRR), both before a…
IL-6 stimulates annexin 1 expression and translocation and suggests a new biological role as class II acute phase protein.
1998
Annexin 1 (Ax 1), a protein whose synthesis and secretion are induced during the inflammatory response, has been proposed as a mediator of the anti-inflammatory action of glucocorticoids. To gain insight into a broader role of Ax 1 during the inflammatory response, the authors have investigated how pro-inflammatory cytokines [interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)] affect Ax 1 expression and regulation at transcriptional and translational levels. The authors show that induction of the Ax 1 protein and its translocation to the cell membrane are stimulated by interleukin 6. However neither IL-1 nor TNF-alpha display these effects. Analysis of 5'-deletion mutan…
On the activity of trifluoperazine and palmitoylcarnitine in mice: Delayed hypersensitivity models
2001
Abstract The effect of pre- and post-challenge treatments with trifluoperazine and palmitoylcarnitine, two protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors characterised by their interaction with the phospholipid enzyme cofactor, on the inflammation caused by delayed hypersensitivity (DTH) to dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) and sheep red blood cells (SRBC) in mice is reported. The activity of dexamethasone and two immunosupressors, azathioprine and methotrexate, is also evaluated. The effectiveness of pre-treatment with each of the test drugs diminished when the DNFB challenge dose increased, whereas trifluoperazine and azathioprine were more active when administered after the challenge at the high DNFB dose.…
Large Dose D-vitamin Treatment in COVID-19 Disease
2022
Autors: Sampsa Ilmari Kaukua, BA, RN-BSN Darba vadītājs: Valdis Pīrāgs MD, PhD, LUMF Pamatojums: D vitamīns ir nepieciešams dažādiem mērķiem, ne tikai kalcija un fosfora vielmaiņas regulēšanai un kaulu veselības uzturēšanai. Sirds un asinsvadu slimības, vēzis, elpceļu infekcijas un astma ir saistītas ar D vitamīna deficītu. D vitamīna deficīts skar visu vecumu cilvēkus. Saskaņā ar nesen publicētajiem pētījumiem pacientiem ar Covid-19 bija ievērojami zemāks 25(OH)D līmenis nekā pacientiem bez vīrusa. Mērķi: Veikt visaptverošu literatūras apskatu par esošajiem datiem par Covid-19, D vitamīna terapiju, CRP un feritīnu. Analizēt Latvijā veiktā Covid-19 lielo devu D vitamīna ārstēšanas pētījuma …
Rat hepatocytes in primary culture synthesize and secrete cellular fibronectin
1992
Fibronectins, involved in cell-matrix interactions and cell attachment, are glycoproteins which show a remarkable heterogeneity, due to alternative splicing. The type III-related domains, ED-A and ED-B, are present in cellular fibronectin in a variety of ratios whereas they are absent in circulating plasma fibronectin. Fibronectin synthesis by hepatocytes which are accepted as suppliers of plasma fibronectin was studied in primary cultures during a 6-day culture period. Using site-specific antibodies we demonstrate that rat hepatocytes are also able to synthesize and secrete fibronectin bearing the ED-A domain from Day 3 on after inoculation. By immunocytological characterization of the hep…