Search results for "DFI"

Species differences, influence of dose and application on biotransformation of phenol in fish.

1983

1. The metabolism of phenol in goldfish (Carassius auratus), rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) and goldenorfe ide (Leuciscus ideus melanotus) was compared. All three species produced phenyl sulphate, quinol sulphate and phenyl glucuronide. 2. The dose dependence of metabolism of phenol in goldfish was investigated. When the concn. of phenol was increased from 0.2 to 2 mg/l medium, that glucuronylated increased from 7 to 16% and that sulphated decreased from 63 to 47%. 3. The influence of mode of exposure on metabolism of phenol in goldfish was examined. Dietary exposure and uptake from medium was compared with i.p. injection. There was less metabolism in the order: dietary exposure greater th…

Field-portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry as rapid measurement tool for landfill mining operations: comparison of field data vs. laboratory anal…

2015

Landfill mining applied in reclamation at the territories of old dump sites and landfills is a known approach tended to global economic and environmental benefits as recovery of metals and energy i...

Intensity and persistence of water repellency at different soil moisture contents and depths after a forest wildfire

2022

Abstract The Mediterranean mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest of Moarda (Palermo) was affected by a large wildfire in summer 2020. In spring 2021, burned and unburned loam soil sites were sampled and the water drop penetration time (WDPT) and ethanol percentage (EP) tests applied to assess the influence of wetting-drying processes and soil water content on post-fire soil water repellency (SWR) as well as its vertical distribution. According to the WDPT test, the surface layer of the natural unburned soils was severely hydrophobic at intermediate soil water contents roughly corresponding to wilting point and SWR reduced either for very dry conditions (air- or oven-dried conditions) or …

Mercury and selenium in fish and shellfish: Occurrence, bioaccessibility and uptake by Caco-2 cells

2012

This study evaluates Hg and Se concentrations and bioaccessibility (element solubilised after simulated gastrointestinal digestion) in 16 raw seafood species consumed in Spain. The concentrations varied greatly (Hg, 3.8-1621 ng/g wet weight, ww; Se, 84-1817 ng/g ww). Only one sample of swordfish exceeded the Hg limit permitted in Spain (1mg/kg), and for this sample the Hg/Se molar ratio and Se Health Benefit Value food safety criteria also indicated the presence of a risk. Bioaccessibility of Hg (35-106%) and Se (17-125%) was very variable and the Hg/Se molar ratio in the bioaccessible fraction was less than one for all samples. Transport by Caco-2 cells, an intestinal epithelium model, was…

Conservation of Ptilostemon greuteri (Asteraceae), an endemic climate relict from Sicily (Italy): state of knowledge after the discovery of a second …

2022

Ptilostemon greuteri is one of the most endangered and poorly studied woody vascular plant species of the Mediterranean Basin, endemic to Sicily (Italy). Several peculiar traits confer to P. greuteri a character of uniqueness and an enigmatic attractiveness. In fact, at first glimpse the largest individuals of this species remind the most remarkable and peculiar cases of herbaceous genera (e.g., Echium, Senecio) turned woody on insular or insular-like mountain ecosystems. Following the discovery of a second population of this rare species, a project aiming at the study and conservation of P. greuteri was set up. We present here updated information on the distribution, conservation status, b…

Bayesian chronological analyses consistent with synchronous age of 12,835-12,735 Cal BP for Younger Dryas boundary on four continents

2015

The Younger Dryas impact hypothesis posits that a cosmic impact across much of the Northern Hemisphere deposited the Younger Dryas boundary (YDB) layer, containing peak abundances in a variable assemblage of proxies, including magnetic and glassy impact-related spherules, high-temperature minerals and melt glass, nanodiamonds, carbon spherules, aciniform carbon, platinum, and osmium. Bayesian chronological modeling was applied to 354 dates from 23 stratigraphic sections in 12 countries on four continents to establish a modeled YDB age range for this event of 12,835-12,735 Cal B.P. at 95% probability. This range overlaps that of a peak in extraterrestrial platinum in the Greenland Ice Sheet …

Dynamics of copper and zinc sedimentation in a lagooning system receiving landfill leachate.

2013

9 pages; International audience; This study characterises the sediment dredged from a lagooning system composed of a settling pond and three lagoons that receive leachates from a municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill in France. Organic carbon, carbonate, iron oxyhydroxides, copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) concentrations were measured in the sediment collected from upstream to downstream in the lagooning system. In order to complete our investigation of sedimentation mechanisms, leachates were sampled in both dry (spring) and wet (winter) seasonal conditions. Precipitation of calcite and amorphous Fe-oxyhydroxides and sedimentation of organic matter occurred in the settling pond. Since different di…

Measurement report: Emission factors of NH3 and NHx for wildfires and agricultural fires in the United States

2023

During the 2019 Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality (FIREX-AQ) study, the NASA DC-8 carried out in situ chemical measurements in smoke plumes emitted from wildfires and agricultural fires in the contiguous United States. The DC-8 payload included a modified proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (PTR-ToF-MS) for the fast measurement of gaseous ammonia (NH3) and a high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) for the fast measurement of submicron particulate ammonium (NH4+). We herein report data collected in smoke plumes emitted from 6 wildfires in the Western United States, 2 prescribed grassland fires in the Central United …

Elimination and distribution of different substituted phenols by frog (Rana temporaria) and crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus)

1981

Simultaneous Color Contrast in Goldfish— a Quantitative Study

1997

AbstractA set of 9–15 colored test fields was presented to goldfish. In Experiment 1, test field hues ranged from green through yellow to red; in Experiment 2, the hues varied from blue through gray to yellow. In the training conditions, the test fields were presented with a gray or black surround. The fish learned to choose one intermediate test field hue by rewarding them with food. In the test conditions, the color of the surround was changed from gray to green, or red (Experiment 1), and from black to blue, or yellow (Experiment 2). The choice behavior of the goldfish changed substantially: one of the test fields other than the training test field was preferred. Direction and strength o…