Search results for "DIALYSIS"
showing 10 items of 528 documents
Accumulation of hydroxyethyl starch (HES) in the liver of patients with renal failure and portal hypertension
1986
Summary Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) has gained wide clinical acceptance as a colloidal plasma substitute. We were able to study the liver biopsies of two patients with renal failure who developed ascites after repeated infusions of HES. All types of liver cells displayed massive accumulation of HES with the morphologic resemblance to a storage disease. These changes could be distinguished clearly from the lesions of a hereditary disorder by light and electron microscopy. Although it is difficult to establish a causative role for HES in the development of ascites on the bases of morphological changes alone, one should be cautious about giving HES to patients with renal failure until exact data…
Xerostomia, thirst, sodium gradient and inter-dialytic weight gain in hemodialysis diabetic vs. non-diabetic patients
2017
Background In hemodialysis (HD) patients, xerostomia and hyposalivation may intensify sensations of thirst, and contribute to the intake of fluids and excessive inter-dialytic weight gain (IWG). Since IWG is regarded to be higher in diabetic patients than in non-diabetics HD enhancing their mortality, it is crucial to define plausible underlying causes. Therefore, the study investigates factors contributing to the increased IWG in diabetic HD patients. Material and Methods The study included 97 HD patients (38 diabetics) receiving hemodialysis. All participants completed surveys comprising the Dialysis Thirst Inventory (DTI) and Xerostomia Inventory. Unstimulated whole saliva flow rate (USW…
Effects of statins on lipid profile in chronic kidney disease patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
2013
The available data on statin effects in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are still conflicting. We investigated the impact of short- and long-term statin therapy on lipid profiles in CKD patients requiring or not requiring dialysis.Data from Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from 1966 to May 2012 were searched for studies that investigated this effect. We included all randomized controlled clinical trials that investigated the impact of statin therapy on lipids and lipoproteins.The final analysis included 16 trials with 3594 subjects. In CKD patients, statin therapy significantly reduced total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and low-density lipoprotein chole…
Epistaxis and systemic disease
2008
Abstract We report the case of a 77-year-old man who presented nasal obstruction sensation and epistaxis. Otorhinolaryngologic examination revealed occupation of the left nasal passage and the left maxillary sinus by an inflammatory tumour, the biopsy results of which were inconclusive. While diagnostic tests were being carried out, the patient presented a severe systemic condition consisting mainly of anemia, acute renal failure, and cavitated diffuse bilateral lung infiltrates. In the light of the results of anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies and renal biopsy, Wegener's granulomatosis was diagnosed and treatment for the disease was instituted, with a favourable response. Finally, cl…
Comparison between local and regional anesthesia in arteriovenous fistula creation.
2011
Purpose Assessment of the effectiveness of Brachial Plexus Block (BPB) via axillary approach compared to regional anesthesia for arteriovenous fistula surgery in patients affected by end-stage renal disease. Methods We compared forty patients randomly divided into two groups. Group A underwent BPB procedure with 15 mL ropivacaine 1% and 10 mL of saline (0.9% NaCl) via axillary approach. Group B received local anesthesia with lidocaine 2%. The forearm blood vessels were assessed by Doppler ultrasonography before and after the intervention. Results BPB performed on Group A was associated with a considerable venous dilation and a significant decrease (48.7%, P<.05) in pulsatility index (PI)…
Sexual dysfunction in dialytic patients. A prospective cross-sectional observational study in two hemodialysis centers
2020
Objectives: Incidence and prevalence of patients in dialytic therapy increased considerably in recent years. The onset of new issues, once overshadowed, linked to a lower quality of life like sexual dysfunction became increasingly common. The first study in this area, dating back to the 1970s, shows the high prevalence of sexual dysfunction among patients in dialytic therapy of both sexes. Later studies proved an association of sexual dysfunction with psyche disorders, anxiety, depression and lack of self-confidence. The aim of this study is to describe the incidence of male and female sexual main dysfunctions, the latter not least in literature, in patients in hemodialytic therapy. With th…
Prevalence of erectile dysfunction in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
2020
Growing evidence reports that chronic kidney diseases (CKD) might play a role in erectile dysfunction (ED), but limited knowledge is available. Therefore, we performed a systematic review up to 21/08/2019 to investigate the associations between CKD and ED. The main analysis reported the prevalence of ED as absolute estimates (in %) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and across CKD stages (when specified), hemodialysis and transplant, calculating the p for interaction across strata. Among 291 studies, we included 34 articles with 5986 men. We found an overall prevalence of 76% (95%CI: 72–79) with a high degree of heterogeneity (I2 = 84.2%; p < 0.0001). Analyzing the data by CKD sta…
Risk factors associated with xerostomia in haemodialysis patients
2017
Background To determine the prevalence of xerostomia and hyposalivation in Haemodialysis (HD) patients, to clarify risk factors, assess patient´s quality of life, and to establish a possible correlation among interdialytic weight gain (IDWG) and xerostomia. Material and Methods This study was performed on a group of 50 HD patients. Data were collected using a questionnaire containing demographic and clinical variables, a visual analogue scale (VAS) for xerostomia, IDWG, and an oral health impact profile questionnaire (OHIP-14). Unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) and stimulated whole saliva (SWS) were collected. Results A total of 28 HD patients (56%) suffered xerostomia. Dry mouth was associat…
Episodic Social Stress-Escalated Cocaine Self-Administration: Role of Phasic and Tonic Corticotropin Releasing Factor in the Anterior and Posterior V…
2016
Intermittent social defeat stress escalates later cocaine self-administration. Reward and stress both activate ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine neurons, increasing downstream extracellular dopamine concentration in the medial prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens. The stress neuropeptide corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) and its receptors (CRF-R1, CRF-R2) are located in the VTA and influence dopaminergic activity. These experiments explore how CRF release and the activation of its receptors within the VTA both during and after stress influence later cocaine self-administration in rats.In vivomicrodialysis of CRF in the VTA demonstrated that CRF is phasically released in the poster…
Acute dialysis: PMN-elastase as a new parameter for controlling individual anticoagulation with low molecular weight heparin (Fragmin).
1991
Despite the improvements in the development of dialyzer membranes with greater hemocompatibility, an activation of the coagulation system occurs when blood comes into contact with exogenous surfaces. The large number of heparin dosage regimens demonstrate the difficulty to adapt general therapeutic guidelines. Low molecular weight heparin (Fragmin®) was administered as a single bolus dose for anticoagulation during 58 acute dialyses. Anti-Xa-activity, the plasma levels of the lysosomal elastase of the polymorphnuclear granulocytes (“PMN-elastase”) and of the thrombin-antithrombin III-complex (TAT) were measured at hourly intervals. Therapeutic anti-Xa-levels did not show evidence of suffici…