Search results for "DIET"
showing 10 items of 4602 documents
Contact dermatitis due to nickel allergy in patients suffering from non-celiac wheat sensitivity
2017
Background: Non‐celiac wheat sensitivity (NCWS) is a new clinical entity in the world of gluten‐related diseases. Nickel, the most frequent cause of contact allergy, can be found in wheat and results in systemic nickel allergy syndrome and mimics irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Objective: To evaluate the frequency of contact dermatitis due to nickel allergy in NCWS patients diagnosed by a double‐blind placebo‐controlled(DBPC)challenge,and to identify the characteristics of NCWS patients with nickel allergy. Methods: We performed a prospective study of 60 patients (54 females, 6 males; mean age 34.1 ± 8.1 years) diagnosed with NCWS from December 2014 to November 2016; 80 age‐ and sex‐matched…
Chewing bread: impact on alpha-amylase secretion and oral digestion
2017
During chewing, saliva helps in preparing food bolus by agglomerating formed particles and initiates food enzymatic breakdown. However, limited information is actually available on the adaptation of saliva composition during oral processing of complex foods, especially for foods that are sensitive to salivary enzymes. We addressed this question in the context of starch–based products and salivary alpha-amylase. The objectives were two-fold: 1) determining if salivary alpha-amylase secretion can be modulated by bread type and 2) evaluating the contribution of the oral phase in bread enzymatic breakdown.Mouthfuls of three different wheat breads (industrial, artisan and whole breads) were chew…
Evaluation of the effect of an intervention on the nutritional status of hospitalized patients
2017
Abstract Background and objectives To compare the nutritional status of a population of hospitalized patients, divided into 2 different groups, both at admission and hospital discharge, and to assess the influence of nutritional alteration during the hospital stay. Material and methods Quasi-experimental study comprising 2 groups of patients (N = 581): an intervention group (n = 303), in which nurses received specific training on managing care methodology, and a control group (n = 278), in which nurses continued their usual dynamics. Each group was made up of 2 care units with patients from both surgical and medical specialties. Inclusion criteria: patients admitted to the selected units wi…
Diagnosis of pre-sarcopenia from a single selectional crosscut at C3 region, using CT scans before radiotherapy
2019
espanolProposito: el proposito de este estudio fue diagnosticar la presarcopenia en pacientes con cancer que no disponen de imagenes por tomografia computarizada (TC) a nivel abdominal mediante un metodo novedoso basado en cortes a nivel cervical. Material y metodos: se analizaron y se compararon mediante unidades la masa muscular y la masa muscular esqueletica en 37 pacientes con cancer de pulmon y neoplasias del aparato digestivo superior que incluian cortes en la TC de planificacion a nivel de C3 y L3. La presarcopenia se identifico de acuerdo con los puntos de corte establecidos actualmente: ≤ 41 cm2/m2 para mujeres, ≤ 43 cm2/m2 en hombres con un IMC ≤ 25 kg/m2 y ≤ 53 cm2/m2 en hombres …
The role of body muscle mass as an indicator of activity in inflammatory bowel disease patients
2020
Malnutrition is an objective disease activity parameter for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), particularly Crohn's Disease (CD), and is an indicator of lesion expansion or inflammatory activity. Active disease is correlated with the systemic response of the body's immune system, activating a hypermetabolic state and protein degradation (Argiles JM, 2015). These conditions lead to malnutrition, which significantly increases the risk of impaired clinical outcomes, such as delayed recovery or increased mortality (Landi F, 2019). Our aim was to identify malnutrition parameters associated with more pronounced metabolic status changes in IBD patients (i.e., classified as by low and …
Tracking of fruit, vegetables and unhealthy snacks consumption from childhood to adulthood (15 year period): does exposure to a free school fruit pro…
2019
Background The rationale for promoting increased consumption of fruit and vegetables (FV) at an early age is based on results from previous tracking-studies, indicating that dietary habits learned in childhood sustain into adulthood. Previous tracking studies have several limitations (e.g. low study sample, few repeated measurements and/or short a follow-up period). In addition, to our knowledge, no study has shown that a dietary intervention initiated in childhood affects tracking of dietary behaviour. The main objectives in this study were therefore to assess tracking of FV and unhealthy snacks in a large sample with multiple follow-up surveys over 15-years, and whether exposure to free s…
Genetic variations of the bitter taste receptor TAS2R38 are associated with obesity and impact on single immune traits
2015
Scope: Changes in genetic variations affecting the taste receptor, type 2, member 38 (TAS2R38) may identify the interacting mechanism leading to obesity and potential associations with proteins partaking in innate immunity, such as surfactant protein D (SPD) and mannan-binding lectin (MBL). Methods and results: We evaluated haplotypes of the bitter-taste receptor TAS2R38 in an identification sample of 210 women in different weight conditions, including anorexia nervosa and obesity. The association with SPD and MBL was tested in an independent sample picturing general population (n = 534). The relationship with obesity was validated in an extended final sample of 1319 participants. In the sa…
Higher vitamin B12 levels in neurodevelopmental disorders than in healthy controls and schizophrenia
2020
Recent studies suggest that both high and low levels of vitamin B12 (vitB12) may have negative health impacts. We measured VitB12 in patients with the Neurodevelopmental disorders (ND) (n = 222), comprised of Autism Spectrum Disorders, specific Developmental disorders, and Intellectual Disability (aged 2-53 years), schizophrenia (n = 401), and healthy controls (HC) (n = 483). Age-and gender-adjusted vitB12 z-scores were calculated by comparisons with a reference population (n = 76 148). We found higher vitB12 in ND (median 420 pmol/L, mean z-score: 0.30) than in HC (316 pmol/L, z-score: 0.06, P < .01) and schizophrenia (306 pmol/L, z-score: -0.02, P < .001), which was significant after adju…
Dietary inflammatory index and cancer risk in the elderly: A pooled-analysis of Italian case-control studies
2019
Abstract Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the association between the inflammatory potential of one's diet and cancer risk varies across age groups in a population characterized by widespread use of the Mediterranean diet. Methods We analyzed data from a network of case-control studies conducted in Italy between 1991 and 2014. The studies included cancers of the oral cavity (n = 509), pharynx (n = 436), nasopharynx (n = 198), larynx (n = 459), esophagus (n = 304), stomach (n = 230), colon (n = 1225), rectum (n = 728), liver (n = 184), pancreas (n = 326), breast (n = 2569), endometrium (n = 454), ovary (n = 1031), prostate (n = 1294), kidney (n = 767), and bladder (n …
Pinitol alleviates systemic inflammatory cytokines in human obesity by a mechanism involving unfolded protein response and sirtuin 1
2017
Summary Background & aims It is known that pinitol acts as a mediator of the insulin-signaling pathway, though little is known about its anti-inflammatory effect in human obesity. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of pinitol on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissues (SAT), focusing on the involvement of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1). Methods In the intervention study, thirteen obese subjects consumed a pinitol-enriched beverage (PEB) for 12 weeks. In the ex vivo study, a biopsy of VAT and SAT was removed from thirty-four obese patients and incubated with D-pinitol for 48 h. Results The consump…