Search results for "DIVERSITE"

Yritysten ja kuluttajien osallistuminen biodiversiteetin suojeluun : tavoitteet, esteet ja ehdot

2022

Functional structure of European forest beetle communities is enhanced by rare species

2022

Biodiverse communities have been shown to sustain high levels of multifunctionality and thus a loss of species likely negatively impacts ecosystem functions. For most taxa, however, roles of individual species are poorly known. Rare species, often most likely to go extinct, may have unique traits and functional roles. Alternatively, rare species may be functionally redundant, such that their loss would not disrupt ecosystem functions. We quantified the functional role of rare species by using captures of wood-living (saproxylic) beetle species, combined with recent databases of morphological and ecological traits, from three regions in central and northern Europe. Using a rarity index based…

Vanhan metsän laikut ylläpitävät kääväkkäiden populaatioita

2021

Forest act habitats : Finnish woodland key habitats amid the intensive forestry

2014

Biocultural conflicts: understanding complex interconnections between a traditional ceremony and threatened carnivores in north Kenya

2022

Abstract Biological and cultural diversity are inextricably linked and rapidly eroding worldwide. As a response, many conservation efforts foster synergies between cultural and biological diversity agendas through biocultural approaches. However, such approaches do not always address biocultural conflicts, where certain cultural practices can lead to biodiversity loss and, in turn, threaten the continuance of such practices. In this study, we examined a biocultural conflict in the Dimi ceremony, the most important rite of passage of the Daasanach agro-pastoralists of north Kenya, in which skins from threatened carnivore species are used extensively as traditional ornaments. We quantified th…

Ground-dwelling true bugs (Heteroptera) in afforested fields

2017

Former agricultural lands may host peculiar biota, because agriculture activities have changed the physical, chemical and biological features of the soil; however, biodiversity in afforested fields is poorly known. The aim of this study was to investigate the diversity of ground-dwelling true bugs (Heteroptera) in early successional afforested fields in central Finland. We used a large-scale field experiment, in which agricultural land had been afforested 25 years ago by planting monocultures of birch, pine and spruce trees. Pitfall traps caught a total of 224 heteropteran individuals representing 20 species. The community was numerically dominated by Lygaeidae, Drymus brunneus being the mo…

Dead wood and fungi : detection, diversity and conservation in boreal forests

2018

Dead wood and associated fungal communities are a crucial part of boreal forest ecosystems, and severely affected and threatened by human actions like commercial timber harvesting. Despite their importance for forest functioning, most wood-inhabiting fungal species, especially those producing small fruit bodies, are still ecologically and taxonomically poorly known. In addition, studies on dead wood profiles have neglected fine woody debris. This thesis includes detailed investigations of fruiting phenology of different morphological groups and complete dead wood profile of one semi-natural boreal forest. In addition, the diversity patterns of wood-inhabiting fungal communities according fo…

Multitaxa species richness of a wood-pasture complex in the Finnish SW-archipelago

2019

Traditional rural biotopes such as semi-natural grasslands and wood-pastures are among the most threatened biotopes in Finland. Archipelago Sea area hosts an especially representative collection of these biotopes, considering both their combined area and average quality. We surveyed birds, vascular plants, bryophytes, polypores and ground-inhabiting stipitate macrofungi in one wood-pasture complex in Korppoo, Archipelago Sea area. Here we report and discuss the results of these surveys. We detected altogether 457 species, including 8 red-listed bird species and 6 red-listed vascular plant species. We didn´t detect any red-listed bryophytes or fungi, but also these groups included several ra…

Genetic diversity of a clonal earthworm : gene expression variation and impacts on decomposition in metal contaminated soil

2016

Biodiversity affects ecosystem functioning positively. Metal-contamination diminishes species diversity and ecosystem function depends on the remaining species, and the genotypes within them. I studied how the clonally reproducing earthworm Dendrobaena octaedra responds to soil metal contamination and how its genetic diversity affects decomposition. Expression of the gene for the metal tolerance protein metallothionein was compared between populations with or without metal exposure history: with exposure history expression was high and stable and without there was a slow response. Adaptation to metal contamination likely explains the differences. Clonality of D. octaedra was verified with m…

Automatic image‐based identification and biomass estimation of invertebrates

2020

Understanding how biological communities respond to environmental changes is a key challenge in ecology and ecosystem management. The apparent decline of insect populations necessitates more biomonitoring but the time-consuming sorting and expert-based identification of taxa pose strong limitations on how many insect samples can be processed. In turn, this affects the scale of efforts to map and monitor invertebrate diversity altogether. Given recent advances in computer vision, we propose to enhance the standard human expert-based identification approach involving manual sorting and identification with an automatic image-based technology. We describe a robot-enabled image-based identificat…