Search results for "DMA"
showing 10 items of 315 documents
Cocaine and MDMA Induce Cellular and Molecular Changes in Adult Neurogenic Systems: Functional Implications
2011
The capacity of the brain to generate new adult neurons is a recent discovery that challenges the old theory of an immutable adult brain. A new and fascinating field of research now focuses on this regenerative process. The two brain systems that constantly produce new adult neurons, known as the adult neurogenic systems, are the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus and the lateral ventricules/olfactory bulb system. Both systems are involved in memory and learning processes. Different drugs of abuse, such as cocaine and MDMA, have been shown to produce cellular and molecular changes that affect adult neurogenesis. This review summarizes the effects that these drugs have on the adult neurog…
Suspected Nonceliac Gluten Sensitivity Confirmed in Few Patients After Gluten Challenge in Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trials
2017
A double-blind, placebo-controlled, gluten challenge has been proposed to confirm a diagnosis of non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) in patients without celiac disease who respond to a gluten-free diet. To determine the accuracy of this approach, we analyzed data from 10 double-blind, placebo-controlled, gluten challenge trials, comprising 1312 adults. The studies varied in the duration of the challenge (ranging from 1 day to 6 weeks), daily doses for the gluten challenge (ranging from 2 g to 52 g; 3 studies administered less than 8 g/day), and composition of the placebo (gluten-free products, xylose, whey protein, rice, or corn starch containing fermentable carbohydrates). Most of the stu…
Differential effects of MDMA and cocaine on inhibitory avoidance and object recognition tests in rodents.
2017
Introduction Drug addiction continues being a major public problem faced by modern societies with different social, health and legal consequences for the consumers. Consumption of psychostimulants, like cocaine or MDMA (known as ecstasy) are highly prevalent and cognitive and memory impairments have been related with the abuse of these drugs. Aim The aim of this work was to review the most important data of the literature in the last 10 years about the effects of cocaine and MDMA on inhibitory avoidance and object recognition tests in rodents. Development: The object recognition and the inhibitory avoidance tests are popular procedures used to assess different types of memory. We compare th…
Nonceliac gluten sensitivity.
2014
During the past decade there has been an impressive increase in popularity of the gluten-free diet (GFD)—now the most trendy alimentary habit in the United States and other countries. According to recent surveys, as many as 100 million Americans will consume gluten-free products within a year. Operating under the concept that the GFD benefits only individuals with celiac disease, health care professionals have struggled to separate the wheat from the chaff; there are claims that eliminating gluten from the diet increases health and helps with weight loss, or even that gluten can be harmful to every human being. However, apart from unfounded trends, a disorder related to ingestion of gluten …
Effect of drugs of abuse on social behaviour: a review of animal models.
2015
Social behaviour is disturbed in many substance abuse and psychiatric disorders. Given the consensus that social behaviours of lower mammals may help to understand some human emotional reactions, the aim of the present work was to provide an up-to-date review of studies on the changes in social behaviour induced by drugs of abuse. Various animal models have been used to study the relationship between drugs of abuse and social behaviour. Herein, we describe the effects of different substances of abuse on the three most commonly used animal models of social behaviour: the social play test, the social interaction test and the resident-intruder paradigm. The first is the most widely used test t…
Enantioselective determination of plasma protein binding of common amphetamine-type stimulants.
2021
Amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) like amphetamine ('speed'), methamphetamine ('crystal meth') and 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA, 'ecstasy') represent some of the most frequently abused drugs worldwide. Another less frequently abused ATS is 4-fluoroamphetamine (4-FA). The enantiomers of these four compounds exhibit different pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. According to the free drug theory, the pharmacological properties of a substance are dependent on its plasma protein binding (PPB). However, data on PPB of stimulant enantiomers in humans are rare or non-existent. Human plasma samples were spiked with racemic mixtures of the stimulants and subjected to ultra…
Mikro- un mezoplastmasas piesārņojums Baltijas jūras un Rīgas līča Latvijas piekrastes pludmales zonā
2022
Maģistra darbā ir aprakstīta mikroplastmasa un tās ietekme uz apkārtējo vidi un dzīvajiem organismiem. Tiek iepazīti dažādie mikroplastmasas veidi, kā arī apskatīti līdzīgi pētījumu piemēri no citām valstīm. Darba eksperimentālā daļa realizēta laikā no 2021. gada maijam līdz 2021. gada augustam. Tika ievākti 68 mikro- un mezoplastmasas paraugi, 25 granulometrijas paraugi, 25 tukšie jeb kvalitātes kontroles paraugi Baltijas jūras un Rīgas līča Latvijas piekrastes pludmales zonās. Darba ietvaros mikroplastmasas paraugi tika grupēti, kartēti un analizēti, lai noskaidrotu sakarības starp piesārņojuma daudzumu un teritorijas izmantošanas rekreācijā intensitāti.
Enhancing the performance of HSDPA communication with multipoint transmission techniques
2015
The evolution of mobile phones, tablets and other mobile communication devices has led to a significant increase in the amount of data delivered over mobile networks. In order to satisfy the climbing data rate demands of customers, existing mobile broadband networks are being expanded with new features that allow ubiquitous and consistent networking experience. This research presents three multipoint transmission techniques for Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) based High-Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) communication protocol. Multiflow, High-Speed Single-Frequency Network (HS-SFN) and Multipoint-to-Point Single-Frequency Network (M2P-SFN) enable transmission of user-dedicat…
Ferdinanda Erdmaņa Štolla sēņu mulāža
2020
Latvijas Universitātes Muzeja Botānikas un mikoloģijas kolekcijās glabājas unikāls eksponāts – sēņu mulāža, kas piederējusi Baltijas dabaspētniekam F. E. Štollam (1874 – 1966) un tikusi izmantota izglītības procesā. Iespējams, ka tā ir vienīgā Latvijā saglabājusies vēsturiskā sēņu mulāža.
Ferdinanda Erdmaņa Štolla kāpu tintenes akvareļi
2020
1925. gada jūnijā Baltijas dabaspētnieks Ferdinads Erdmanis Štolls (1874 – 1966) Garciema smilšu kāpās atklāja jaunu sēņu sugu, kam tika dots nosaukums Coprinus dunarum F. E. Stoll, latviski – kāpu tintene. Zinātnieks sēnes fiksēja un detalizēti aprakstīja. Atraduma fotouzņēmumi un akvareļi ir iekļauti viņa vairāk kā 1000 vienību lielajā F. E. Štolla sēņu attēlu kolekcijā, kuru pamatā veido F. E. Štolla zīmētie akvareļi, kas glabājas Latvijas Universitātes muzeja Botānikas un mikoloģijas kolekcijās.