Search results for "DNA sequencing"

Amplified fragment length polymorphisms and sequence data in the phylogenetic analysis of polyploids: multiple origins of Veronica cymbalaria (Planta…

2007

Summary • The origin of polyploid Veronica cymbalaria (Plantaginaceae) was investigated using DNA sequence data and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprints to reveal the parentage of this taxon. The use of AFLP fingerprints in phylogenetic analysis is problematic and various methods have therefore been compared. • DNA sequence data (for the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the plastid trnL-F region (trnL intron, 3’exon, and trnL-F spacer)) and polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis of the ITS region suggested a reliable hypothesis for the evolution of the V. cymbalaria complex. This hypothesis allowed evaluation …

Subrepeats result from regional DNA sequence conservation in tandem repeats in Chironomus telomeres

1990

Repeat units, widespread in eukaryotic genomes, are often partially or entirely built up of subrepeats. Homogenization between whole repeat units arranged in tandem usually can best be understood as a result of unequal crossing over. Such a mechanism is less plausible for maintaining similarities between subrepeats within a repeat unit when present in a regular array. In Chironomus telomeres, large blocks of tandemly repeated approximately 350 base-pair units contain two or three pairs of subrepeats with high mutual identities, embedded in linker DNA, non-repetitive within the repeat unit. Measurements of evolutionary base changes in two closely related species, Chironomus tentans and Chiro…

The transcriptomes of columnar and standard type apple trees (Malus x domestica) - a comparative study.

2011

Columnar apple trees (Malus x domestica) provide several economic advantages due to their specific growth habit. The columnar phenotype is the result of the dominant allele of the gene Co and is characterized by thick stems with short internodes and reduced lateral branching. Co is located on chromosome 10 and often appears in a heterozygous state (Co/co). The molecular explanation of columnar growth is not well established. Therefore, we studied the transcriptomes of columnar and standard type apple trees using 454 and Illumina next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies. We analyzed the transcriptomes of shoot apical meristems (SAMs) because we expect that these organs are involved in f…

Balanced Gene Losses, Duplications and Intensive Rearrangements Led to an Unusual Regularly Sized Genome in Arbutus unedo Chloroplasts

2013

Completely sequenced plastomes provide a valuable source of information about the duplication, loss, and transfer events of chloroplast genes and phylogenetic data for resolving relationships among major groups of plants. Moreover, they can also be useful for exploiting chloroplast genetic engineering technology. Ericales account for approximately six per cent of eudicot diversity with 11,545 species from which only three complete plastome sequences are currently available. With the aim of increasing the number of ericalean complete plastome sequences, and to open new perspectives in understanding Mediterranean plant adaptations, a genomic study on the basis of the complete chloroplast geno…

Genes, genomes, and codes : revisiting some key terms with multiple meanings

2015

Is a genome the full complement of an organism?s genes or of its DNA? Is genetics the study of genes or of heredity? Is the genetic code the mechanism for translating nucleotide sequence to amino acid sequence or to phenotype? Does «genetic information» refer to the sequences coding for proteins or to all DNA sequences? Each of these questions stems from an elision between one, concrete, meaning, and another, open-ended and ambiguous. Such elision invites the illusion that the ambiguity of the open-ended term has been resolved, and by implication, that the gap between actual achievement and promise has been closed. Yet, despite the phenomenal progress molecular biology has made, we remain w…

Familial hypobetalipoproteinemia: Analysis by next generation sequencing and identification of a novel frameshift mutation in the apoB gene

2017

Automatic simulation of RNA editing in plants for the identification of novel putative Open Reading Frames

2017

In plant mitochondria an essential mechanism for gene expression is RNA editing, often influencing the synthesis of functional proteins. RNA editing alters the linearity of genetic information transfer, intro- ducing differences between RNAs and their coding DNA sequences that hind both experimental and computational research of genes. Thus common software tools for gene search, successfully exploited to find canonic genes, often can fail in discovering genes encrypted in the genome of plants. In this work we propose a novel strategy useful to intercept candidate coding sequences resulting from some possible editing substitutions on the start and stop codons of a given input organism DNA. O…

Molecular cloning ofTrichophyton mentagrophytes DNA sequences with promoter activity inEscherichia coli

1992

A promoter probe library from the dermatophyte fungusTrichophyton mentagrophytes has been constructed in the pVB32 plasmid vector. Using this library, a set ofT. mentagrophytes DNA sequences with promoter activity inEscherichia coli has been cloned. The size and the resistance phenotype conferred by these DNA fragments varied. Southern blot analysis confirmed that they were derived fromT. mentagrophytes genomic DNA.

Basic issues in forensic DNA typing

1997

DNA analysis has become the standard method in forensic stain typing (termed DNA profiling). In contrast to conventional serological methods, any human tissue or body fluid can be analysed by DNA profiling as long as it contains nucleated cells. The majority of genetic systems studied at the DNA level are derived from "non-coding" portions from the human genome, and are located either in the vicinity of expressed (coding) genes or in stretches of DNA sequences interspersing with the genes. The typing results are usually recorded as DNA fragment lengths or "alleles" indicating the number of core repeat elements for short tandem repeat systems. These typing results do not contain any useful i…

Identification of a novel LMF1 nonsense mutation responsible for severe hypertriglyceridemia by targeted next-generation sequencing

2017