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showing 10 items of 14105 documents
Obesity impairs leukocyte‐endothelium cell interactions and oxidative stress in humans
2018
Background:To evaluate the relationship between leukocyte‐endothelial cellinteractions and oxidative stress parameters in non‐diabetic patients with differentgrades of obesity.Material and methods:For this cross‐sectional study, 225 subjects wererecruited from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2016 and divided into groupsaccording to BMI (40 kg/m²). We determined clin-ical parameters, systemic inflammatory markers, soluble cellular adhesion mole-cules, leukocyte‐endothelium cell interactions—rolling flux, velocity and adhesion—, oxidative stress parameters—total ROS, total superoxide, glutathione—andmitochondrial membrane potential in leukocytes.Results:We verified that HOMA‐IR and hsCRP incr…
Effects of the flavonol quercetin and α-linolenic acid on n-3 PUFA status in metabolically healthy men and women: a randomised, double-blinded, place…
2017
AbstractIncreased dietary intake and tissue status of the long-chainn-3 PUFA, EPA and DHA, is associated with cardiovascular benefits. Epidemiological and animal studies suggest that concomitant nutritive intake of flavonoids may increase the conversion ofα-linolenic acid (ALA) to longer-chainn-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA. We investigated the effects of increased ALA intake on fatty acid composition of serum phospholipids and erythrocytes in metabolically healthy men and women and whether fatty acid profiles and ALA conversion were affected by regular quercetin intake or sex. Subjects (n74) were randomised to receive at least 3·3 g/d ALA with either 190 mg/d quercetin (ALA+quercetin) or place…
Analysis of cold activation of the contact system in hereditary angioedema with normal C1 inhibitor.
2021
Hereditary angioedema (HAE) attacks are caused by excessive activation of the contact system. Understanding how the contact system is activated in HAE, especially in patients with normal C1 inhibitor (HAEnCI), is essential to effectively treat this disease. Contact system activation involves the cleavage of several proteins including Factor XII (FXII), high molecular weight kininogen (HK), prekallikrein, sgp120 (ITIH4) and C1 inhibitor (C1-INH) before the subsequent generation of bradykinin that mediates HAE. In this study, we evaluated the fragmentation and enzymatic activity of contact system proteins in HAEnCI plasma samples before and after contact system activation induced by incubatio…
Elevated circulating levels of succinate in human obesity are linked to specific gut microbiota
2018
Gut microbiota-related metabolites are potential clinical biomarkers for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Circulating succinate, a metabolite produced by both microbiota and the host, is increased in hypertension, ischemic heart disease, and type 2 diabetes. We aimed to analyze systemic levels of succinate in obesity, a major risk factor for CVD, and its relationship with gut microbiome. We explored the association of circulating succinate with specific metagenomic signatures in cross-sectional and prospective cohorts of Caucasian Spanish subjects. Obesity was associated with elevated levels of circulating succinate concomitant with impaired glucose metabolism. This increase was associated wit…
Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and 25-hydroxyvitamin D in a group of Sicilian multiple sclerosis patients
2016
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an auto-immune disease whose etiology remains controversial. Both genetic and environmental factors are thought to be involved in the risk of developing the disease. The purpose of our study was to assess the association of Vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms with MS and to investigate the interaction of these polymorphisms with vitamin D levels. A total of 179 Sicilian subjects, including 104 MS patients and 75 healthy controls, were studied. The most common VDR polymorphisms (Fok-I, Bsm-I, Taq-I and Apa-I) were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses in both groups and serum 25-hydroxyv…
CYP27A1, CYP24A1, and RXR-α Polymorphisms, Vitamin D, and Multiple Sclerosis: a Pilot Study.
2018
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative autoimmune disease resulting from a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Hypovitaminosis D seems to contribute to MS susceptibility as both an environmental and a genetic risk factor. The aim of our study was to investigate the association of SNPs in CYP27A1, CYP24A1, and RXR- α genes, vitamin D status, and MS risk. We performed a nested case-control study on patients with multiple sclerosis and healthy controls. Serum 25(OH)D3 levels and genotyping of CYP27A1, CYP24A1, and RXR-α -SNPs were investigated both in MS patients and in healthy controls. Serum 25(OH)D3 levels were measured by a high-performance liquid chromatograp…
High-frequency blood flow-restricted resistance exercise results in acute and prolonged cellular stress more pronounced in type I than in type II fib…
2021
Myocellular stress with high-frequency blood flow-restricted resistance exercise (BFRRE) was investigated by measures of heat shock protein (HSP) responses, glycogen content, and inflammatory markers. Thirteen participants [age: 24 ± 2 yr (means ± SD), 9 males] completed two 5-day blocks of seven BFRRE sessions, separated by 10 days. Four sets of unilateral knee extensions to failure at 20% of one-repetition maximum (1RM) were performed. Muscle samples obtained before, 1 h after the first session in the first and second block (
Preliminary evidence of reductive stress in human cytotoxic T cells following exercise.
2018
This study investigated immunophenotypic differences in intracellular thiol redox state of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from trained [ n = 9, means ± SD: age 28 ± 5 yr; (body mass index) BMI 23.2 ± 2.6 kg/m2; V̇o2max (maximal oxygen intake)56.9 ± 6.1 ml·kg−1·min−1] and recreationally active (RA, n = 11, means ± SD: age 27 ± 6 yr; BMI 24.2 ± 3.7 kg/m2; V̇o2max 45.1 ± 6.4 ml·kg−1·min−1) participants before and after a maximal aerobic exercise tolerance test. Blood samples were taken before (Pre), during (sample acquired at 70% maximum heart rate), immediately after (Post + 0), and 15 min postexercise (Post + 15). PBMCs were isolated, and reduced thiol analysis [fluores…
Mediterranean diet and sars-cov-2 infection: Is there any association? a proof-of-concept study
2021
The aim of this observational study was investigating the possible correlation between adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MeD) and SARS-COV-2 infection rates and severity among healthcare professionals (HCPs). An online self-administrated questionnaire (evaluating both MeD adherence and dietary habits) was filled out by HCPs working in Piedmont (Northern Italy) from 15 January to 28 February 2021. Out of the 1206 questionnaires collected, 900 were considered reliable and analyzed. Individuals who reported the SARS-COV-2 infection (n = 148) showed a significantly lower MeD score, with a lower adherence in fruit, vegetables, cereals, and olive oil consumption. In a logistic regression model…
Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Trial of Selenium in Graves Hyperthyroidism.
2017
Abstract Context Supplemental selenium (Se) may affect the clinical course of Graves disease (GD). Objective Evaluate efficacy of add-on Se on medical treatment in GD. Design Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized supplementation trial. Setting Academic endocrine outpatient clinic. Patients Seventy untreated hyperthyroid patients with GD. Intervention Additionally to methimazole (MMI), patients received for 24 weeks either sodium selenite 300 µg/d po or placebo. MMI was discontinued at 24 weeks in euthyroid patients. Main Outcome Measures Response rate (week 24), recurrence rate (week 36), and safety. Results A response was registered in 25 of 31 patients (80%) and in 27 of 33 (82%) a…