Search results for "DORSAL"

Effects of Acute Stress on the Oscillatory Activity of the Hippocampus–Amygdala–Prefrontal Cortex Network

2021

Displaying a stress response to threatening stimuli is essential for survival. These reactions must be adjusted to be adaptive. Otherwise, even mental illnesses may develop. Describing the physiological stress response may contribute to distinguishing the abnormal responses that accompany the pathology, which may help to improve the development of both diagnoses and treatments. Recent advances have elucidated many of the processes and structures involved in stress response management; however, there is still much to unravel regarding this phenomenon. The main aim of the present research is to characterize the response of three brain areas deeply involved in the stress response (i.e., to an …

Role of cannabinoids in the treatment of tinnitus

2016

Tinnitus is a frequent symptom in audiological clinical practice characterized by an abnormal noise perceived in one or both ears or in the head, in which a patient has a conscious hearing percept in absence of external sound. Tinnitus might be caused by a homeostatic response of central dorsal cochlear nucleus auditory neurons that makes them hyperactive in compensation to auditory input loss. One hypothesis suggests that tinnitus is a sensory form of epilepsy that involves the cochlear nucleus and the inferior colliculus, which display impairment in the electrical activity in the auditory system. This alteration determines a synaptic plasticity in the dorsal cochlear nucleus that becomes …

Functional Relations Between the Caudate Nucleus and the Dorsal Hippocampus in the Cat

1972

Basics of anatomy

2017

Peripheral nerves contain motor, sensory, and vegetative fibers that are strictly separate, but in close proximity to each other (Figure 1).

Author response: Early asymmetric cues triggering the dorsal/ventral gene regulatory network of the sea urchin embryo

2014

La distribuzione dell'attività proteasica nella blastula e nella giovane gastrula diDiscoglossus pictus

1956

Summary Protease activity has been measured in the animal and vegetal half of the blastula and in the dorsal and ventral regions of the early gastrula of Discoglossus pictus. A higher protease activity was found in the dorsal region of the early gastrula, where presumptive chordamesoderm and presumptive neuroectoderm are localized.

Early asymmetric cues triggering the dorsal/ventral gene regulatory network of the sea urchin embryo

2014

Dorsal/ventral (DV) patterning of the sea urchin embryo relies on a ventrally-localized organizer expressing Nodal, a pivotal regulator of the DV gene regulatory network. However, the inceptive mechanisms imposing the symmetry-breaking are incompletely understood. In Paracentrotus lividus, the Hbox12 homeodomain-containing repressor is expressed by prospective dorsal cells, spatially facing and preceding the onset of nodal transcription. We report that Hbox12 misexpression provokes DV abnormalities, attenuating nodal and nodal-dependent transcription. Reciprocally, impairing hbox12 function disrupts DV polarity by allowing ectopic expression of nodal. Clonal loss-of-function, inflicted by b…

An Incremental Analysis of the Embryonic Development of the Tobacco Hornworm,Manduca sexta

1987

Summary A timetable of the embryonic development of Manduca sexta has been compiled to serve as a basis for physiological studies. Embryogenesis is complete within 117 hr at 24° C and was analyzed by examining specimens representing 20 stages, i.e. intervals of 5% of the total developmental time. Stage 0 denotes the newly deposited egg. Germ band formation, gastrulation, differentiation of tissues and organs, and blastokinesis are described in detail. By stage 1 (6 hr post-oviposition) the cellular blastoderm is evident and the presumptive serosal and embryonic cells are distinguishable. At stage 2 the germ band has separated from the blastoderm, and by stage 3 it has elongated enormously, …

Histone post-translational modifications as potential therapeutic targets for pain management

2021

Effective pharmacological management of pain associated with tissue pathology is an unmet medical need. Transcriptional modifications in nociceptive pathways are pivotal for the development and the maintenance of pain associated with tissue damage. Accumulating evidence has shown the importance of the epigenetic control of transcription in nociceptive pathways via histone post-translational modifications (PTMs). Hence, histone PTMs could be targets for novel effective analgesics. Here, we discuss the current understanding of histone PTMs in the modulation of gene expression affecting nociception and pain phenotypes following tissue injury. We also provide a critical view of the translationa…

Extremitätenerhalt durch pedalen In-situ-Bypass beim diabetischen Fußsyndrom

2003

INTRODUCTION: Treatment of the ischemic diabetic foot syndrome still represents a medical and economic challenge. Contrary to the aims of the Saint Vincent declaration a dramatic reduction of major amputations in Germany was not noted, although in the diabetic patients the predominant type of tibial artery occlusion allows construction of pedal bypasses for limb salvage. METHOD: In patients with ischemic diabetic foot syndrome following angiographic evaluation of the ischemic limb, the indication for surgical revascularisation of patent pedal arteries was established. The in-situ technique was preferred in the presence of a suitable ipsilateral greater saphenous vein whenever possible. Reva…