Search results for "DSC"
showing 10 items of 1747 documents
Automatic surrogate modelling technique selection based on features of optimization problems
2019
A typical scenario when solving industrial single or multiobjective optimization problems is that no explicit formulation of the problem is available. Instead, a dataset containing vectors of decision variables together with their objective function value(s) is given and a surrogate model (or metamodel) is build from the data and used for optimization and decision-making. This data-driven optimization process strongly depends on the ability of the surrogate model to predict the objective value of decision variables not present in the original dataset. Therefore, the choice of surrogate modelling technique is crucial. While many surrogate modelling techniques have been discussed in the liter…
Évolutions récentes de l'agriculture française. Analyse géographique des tendances régionales et de la mise en place d'un nouveau dispositif d'aménag…
2005
The recent transformations in French agriculture and the emergence of the concept of sustainable development in the last decade have pushed politicians to defining new measures, of which most concern agriculture. The analysis of agricultural systems leads nowadays to studies on interactions with the physical, economical or social environment. The subject of this thesis is related to this context. Firstly, we propose to analyze the recent evolutions in French agriculture, particularly in the last mandate during which the most radical transformations occurred. It is of particular interest to identify, besides the general situation of French agriculture, the differences in evolution between th…
Management diversification increases habitat availability for multiple biodiversity indicator species in production forests
2022
Context Forest biodiversity is closely linked to habitat heterogeneity, while forestry actions often cause habitat homogenization. Alternative approaches to even-aged management were developed to restore habitat heterogeneity at the stand level, but how their application could promote habitat diversity at landscape scale remains uncertain. Objectives We tested the potential benefit of diversifying management regimes to increase landscape-level heterogeneity. We hypothesize that different styles of forest management would create a diverse mosaic of forest habitats that would in turn benefit species with various habitat requirements. Methods Forest stands were simulated under business-as-usua…
CIRCULAR PROCESSES FOR A NEW URBAN METABOLYSM: THE ROLE OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE IN THE SUSTAINABLE REQUALIFICATION
2014
Through this paper we present the first results of a research combining the management problem of Municipal Solid Waste to the requalification of built environment. The goal of this research is to mitigate the vulnerability of territory and urban heritage and to transform a problem into opportunities. Above all, we have paid attention to several exemplifying cases of Italian territory: suburbs of large towns, historical centres, small centres (and, in particular, those with a strong historical connotation). Their features are, at the same time, restrictions and challenges for designing new compatible systems that can contribute to the requalification of urban landscape recovering spaces wit…
Solving Conflicts among Conservation, Economic, and Social Objectives in Boreal Production Forest Landscapes: Fennoscandian Perspectives
2018
This chapter discusses challenges and possibilities involved in preserving biological diversity and the diversity of ecosystem services in the boreal zone and yet at the same time maintaining intensive timber extraction in boreal forests. Our focus is on Fennoscandian forests at the landscapes level, and we consider economic, social and ecological in the sustainability of forest management. We provide an outlook to boreal forest ecosystems and their history, and an overview of the forestry practices and policies that aim to ensure multi-functionality of Fennoscandian forests, i.e. diversity of efforts on sustaining biodiversity, timber production and other ecosystem services from forest lan…
Super-fit and population size reduction in compact Differential Evolution
2011
Although Differential Evolution is an efficient and versatile optimizer, it has a wide margin of improvement. During the latest years much effort of computer scientists studying Differential Evolution has been oriented towards the improvement of the algorithmic paradigm by adding and modifying components. In particular, two modifications lead to important improvements to the original algorithmic performance. The first is the super-fit mechanism, that is the injection at the beginning of the optimization process of a solution previously improved by another algorithm. The second is the progressive reduction of the population size during the evolution of the population. Recently, the algorithm…
Comparing Conservation Value Maps and Mapping Methods in a Rural Landscape in Southern Finland
2015
We tested to what extent conservation value maps are different if the valuation and mapping method is changed. We compared 66 different conservation value and 4 different ecosystem service maps. Using remote sensing and other georeferenced data, we produced 2 different habitat type maps, which were 50 % similar. We valued each mapped habitat type based on rarity corrected potential number of vascular plant species and naturalness using 6 different valuation alternatives. We mapped habitat type connectivity and complementarity using 2 main approaches. The habitat type valuation alternatives were quite similar, but if the habitat type naturalness was taken into account, differences were large…
Committing, engaging and negotiating : Teachers’ stories about creating shared spaces for co-teaching
2019
The study examined teachers’ stories on developing co-teaching partnerships. The narratives of three two-teacher teams were used to illustrate joint professional landscapes. The teams narrated the development process as one in which commitment, engagement and negotiation were the key elements in shaping their professional landscapes. The findings indicate wide variation in the role of shared understanding and related engagement in co-constructing co-teaching practices. peerReviewed
Vegetation dynamics on abandoned terraces of Sicily: the course and driving forces of succession
2007
In Mediterranean Europe, terrace landscapes can be found where 1) the orography is characterized by hills or mountains, 2) there is a high amount of stone outcrops and 3) the human need for agricultural production was quite high till the recent past. During the last century, many of these landscapes have been abandoned, due to their unsuitability for mechanized, intensive agriculture and due to the general land abandonment trend which arised in large parts of Europe. Since with land abandonment start secondary succession processes, the plant and animal communities linked to agroecosystems are replaced by other species which find their habitat in the developing succession stages. This proces…
ModeLTER : modelling of landscapes and territories over the long term, the members of an European Associated Laboratory (EAL) in CAENTI.
2006
International audience; The aim of this new project is the modelisation of landscapes and territories over the long term. This has been a topic that engaged the proposed research team for several years, particularly in the frame of two European projects, Archeomedes I & II, during the 1990s (Van der Leeuw S., Favory F., Fiches J.- L. (eds.) 2003, Favory F., Girardot J.-J., van der Leeuw S. 2004). Both French and Slovenian teams were involved in the project by Professors S. Van der Leeuw and Z. Stančič. Since this period, the collaboration of French and Slovenian researchers increased in activity, and it finds now a new organization in an European Associated Laboratory, linking archaeologist…