Search results for "DT"

showing 10 items of 2454 documents

A theoretical and experimental study of the formation mechanism of 4-X-chalcones by the Claisen–Schmidt reaction

2000

Abstract A theoretical and experimental study on the formation of 4-X-chalcones (X=H, Cl, F, OCH3, N(CH3)2) was carried out by the Claisen–Schmidt reaction. The influence of pH and temperature was analyzed. Under the adopted experimental conditions 4-X-chalcones were the only reaction products. In the theoretical study, the thermodynamic magnitudes and the reactivity indexes calculated with the AM1 method were used. The mechanism of Nayak and Rout was analyzed critically and a new mechanism was proposed, characterized by: (1) rapid nucleophilic attack of the catalyst (OH−) on the carbon atom of the methyl group of acetophenone; (2) attacks of the acetophenonate ion on the carbon atom of the…

ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsBiochemistryReaction rateElimination reactionchemistry.chemical_compoundReaction rate constantNucleophileComputational chemistrySchmidt reactionReactivity (chemistry)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryEquilibrium constantMethyl groupJournal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM
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Mercury and chlorinated hydrocarbons in zoobenthos of Lake Päijänne, Finland

1979

The average amounts of mercury, PCBs, and sigma DDT (primarily DDE), found in macrozoobenthos, on the wet basis, in Lake Päijänne, Finland, for the time period 1972-1974, were 79 ng/g, 29 ng/g, and 8 ng/g, respectively. Lindane was found in negligible amounts in only 2% of the samples examined; aldrin was present in 10% of the samples; no dieldrin was detected. Mercury and PCB concentrations varied regionally in the lake. PCB and sigma DDT concentrations were greater in the predatory bottom animals than in the herbivores or detritus feeders, and the amounts of chlorinated hydrocarbons were greater in profundal animals than in littoral animals. No significant correlation was apparent between…

ChemistryHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisDetritivorechemistry.chemical_elementFresh WaterMercuryGeneral MedicineToxicologyInvertebratesPolychlorinated BiphenylsPollutionDDTMercury (element)chemistry.chemical_compoundDieldrinEnvironmental chemistryHydrocarbons ChlorinatedLittoral zoneAnimalsEcotoxicologyAldrinProfundal zoneLindaneFinlandArchives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
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Einfluß der quellung in aceton auf das kernresonanzspektrum von polyäthylenterephthalat

1971

Die Kernresonanzspektren isotherm kristallisierter Proben von Polyathylenterephthalat wurden vor und nach der Quellung in deuteriertem Aceton als Funktion der Temperatur gemessen. Anschliesend wurde jedes Spektrum in eine breite und eine schmale Komponente zerlegt. Es zeigt sich, das durch die Quellung der Einfrierbereich verbreitert und die Einfriertemperatur erniedrigt wird. Diese Erniedrigung ist von den Kristallisationsbedingungen unabhangig. Die Linienbreite der schmalen Komponente wird durch die Quellung leicht erhoht, was fur eine Zunahme der Kettenverspannung in den nichtkristallinen Bereichen spricht. Das zweite Moment der breiten Komponente wird durch die Quellung erniedrigt. Dara…

ChemistryPolymer chemistrymedicineSwellingmedicine.symptomLine widthDie Makromolekulare Chemie
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High-resolution photoacoustic Raman spectroscopy of gases

1992

A high-resolution photoacoustic Raman spectroscopy experiment is described. The resolution achieved by using two single-mode pulsed lasers is about 0.0054 cm −1 (full width at half maximum intensity). The experiment was tested first on the v 1 /2v 2 bands of CO 2 and gave an increase of at least about one order of magnitude in the signal-to-noise ratio with respect to stimulated Raman spectroscopy at low pressure (ca. 10 Torr ≃ 1.3 kPa). The sensitivity is also demonstrated by the study of the weak hot band v 1 +v 2 −v 2 of CO 2 . In both cases, the experimental line shape is well reproduced by taking into account Doppler and collisional effects. A comparison with CARS spectra was also made

ChemistryResolution (electron density)Analytical chemistryLaserHot bandSpectral linelaw.inventionsymbols.namesakeFull width at half maximumlawsymbolsGeneral Materials ScienceRaman spectroscopySpectroscopyDoppler effectSpectroscopyJournal of Raman Spectroscopy
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Single-crystal EPR study of the bimetallic ferrimagnetic chain MnCu(EDTA)·6H2O

1993

Abstract A single-crystal EPR study of the bimetallic chain compound MnCu(EDTA)·6H2O is reported. The angular dependence of the linewidth is discussed in relation to the magnetic dipole-dipole interaction, manganese zerofield splitting (ZFS) and copper hyperfine coupling. The calculation of the second moments indicates that ZFS is comparable to the dipolar contribution. The EPR data support the one-dimensional character of the compound.

Chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementManganeseCopperlaw.inventionInorganic ChemistryLaser linewidthCrystallographyDipoleNuclear magnetic resonancelawFerrimagnetismMaterials ChemistryPhysics::Atomic PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryElectron paramagnetic resonanceBimetallic stripSingle crystalInorganica Chimica Acta
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Minimization of childhood maltreatment is common and consequential: results from a large, multinational sample using the childhood trauma questionnai…

2016

Childhood maltreatment has diverse, lifelong impact on morbidity and mortality. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) is one of the most commonly used scales to assess and quantify these experiences and their impact. Curiously, despite very widespread use of the CTQ, scores on its Minimization-Denial (MD) subscale-originally designed to assess a positive response bias-are rarely reported. Hence, little is known about this measure. If response biases are either common or consequential, current practices of ignoring the MD scale deserve revision. Therewith, we designed a study to investigate 3 aspects of minimization, as defined by the CTQ's MD scale: 1) its prevalence; 2) its latent struc…

Child abuseMaleResearch ValidityPsychometrics150Social Scienceslcsh:MedicineDenial PsychologicalCriminology600 Technik Medizin angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und GesundheitInfographicsPediatricsNational comorbidity survey; Adult psychiatric-disorders; Form CTQ-SF; Psychometric properties; Household dysfunction; German Version; Life stress; Abuse; Reliability; ValiditySHORT FORM0302 clinical medicineSociologySurveys and QuestionnairesMedicine and Health SciencesPsychologyPublic and Occupational HealthDenial (Psychology)Child AbuseGERMAN VERSIONChildlcsh:Sciencemedia_commonViolence ResearchPediatricPsychiatryMultidisciplinaryIncidence (epidemiology)Child HealthResearch AssessmentHOUSEHOLD DYSFUNCTIONDisorders of movement Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 3]SuicideMental HealthDenialADULT PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERSScale (social sciences)RELIABILITYchild; childhood; Childhood Trauma Questionnaire; dependent variable; human; human tissue; major clinical study; mental patient; prevalence; scientist; validity; volunteerFemaleCrimeGraphsMedicine; PsychiatryResearch Articlemedicine.medical_specialtyComputer and Information SciencesPsychometricsGeneral Science & Technologymedia_common.quotation_subjectMEDLINEPsychological Stress610Sample (statistics)Research and Analysis MethodsPsykiatri03 medical and health sciencesDenialClinical ResearchMental Health and PsychiatryADVERSITYmedicineHumansVALIDITYPsychiatryABUSEPsychiatric Status Rating Scalesbusiness.industryData Visualizationlcsh:RCTQ treeBiology and Life Sciences030227 psychiatryHealth Care100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 PsychologiePSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIESCTQPsychologicallcsh:QHealth StatisticsMorbiditybusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryPLOS ONE
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HCHs and DDTs in sediment-dwelling animals from the Yangtze Estuary, China

2005

HCHs and DDTs in sediment-dwelling animals including mollusks and crabs from the Yangtze Estuary were deter- mined by GC-ECD. Levels of t-HCH were in the range of 1.2-5.5 ng g � 1 and averaged 3.5 ng g � 1 in mollusks, while t-DDT concentrations ranged from 26.0 to 68.8 ng g � 1 , with a mean of 34.5 ng g � 1 . In crabs t-HCH concentrations var- ied from 2.0 to 25.7 ng g � 1 and averaged 13.8 ng g � 1 , whereas the concentrations of t-DDT were in the range of 1.5- 24.8 ng g � 1 with a mean value of 5.9 ng g � 1 . The HCHs and DDTs levels depend on geographical position and sources, showing the high levels at fresh water area in the estuary, such as XP, CM and LHK sites, and lower at brackis…

ChinaGeologic SedimentsEnvironmental EngineeringBrachyuraHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisDDTChineAnimalsEnvironmental ChemistryPersistent organic pollutantgeographygeography.geographical_feature_categorybiologyBrackish waterDecapodaEcologyPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthSedimentBiotaEstuaryGeneral MedicineGeneral Chemistrybiology.organism_classificationPollutionCrustaceanMolluscaEnvironmental chemistryHexachlorocyclohexaneWater Pollutants ChemicalEnvironmental MonitoringChemosphere
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Form factors of the isovector scalar current and the ηπ scattering phase shifts

2015

33 pages.- 14 figures.- v2: Some clarifications and corrections of typos

Chiral perturbation theoryFinal state interactionPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Scalar (mathematics)01 natural sciencesMatrix (mathematics)Quantum mechanicsChiral perturbation theory0103 physical sciencesComputer Science::General LiteratureOrder (group theory)010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentEngineering (miscellaneous)ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSMathematical physicsPhysicsIsovectorUnitarity010308 nuclear & particles physicsComputer Science::Information RetrievalAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsForm factor (quantum field theory)Computer Science::Computation and Language (Computational Linguistics and Natural Language and Speech Processing)Scattering amplitudeTheoryofComputation_MATHEMATICALLOGICANDFORMALLANGUAGES[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGHigh Energy Physics::Experiment
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Consecutive binding of chlorophylls a and b during the assembly in vitro of light-harvesting chlorophyll-a/b protein (LHCIIb).

2006

The apoprotein of the major light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b complex (LHCIIb) is post-translationally imported into the chloroplast, where membrane insertion, protein folding, and pigment binding take place. The sequence and molecular mechanism of the latter steps is largely unknown. The complex spontaneously self-organises in vitro to form structurally authentic LHCIIb upon reconstituting the unfolded recombinant protein with the pigments chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoids in detergent micelles. Former measurements of LHCIIb assembly had revealed two apparent kinetic phases, a faster one (tau1) in the range of 10 s to 1 min, and a slower one (tau2) in the range of several min. To unravel th…

Chlorophyll bChlorophyllChlorophyll aTime FactorsPigment bindingLight-Harvesting Protein ComplexesModels BiologicalFluorescencechemistry.chemical_compoundStructural BiologyChlorophyll bindingAnimalsProtein Structure QuaternaryMolecular BiologyChlorophyll ACircular DichroismLight-harvesting complexes of green plantsChloroplastB vitaminsKineticsBiochemistrychemistryEnergy TransferChlorophyllBiophysicsChlamydomonas reinhardtiiProtein BindingJournal of molecular biology
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Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in the landscape of pigments.

2004

▪ Abstract  This review focuses on the biosynthesis of pigments in the unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and their physiological and regulatory functions in the context of information gathered from studies of other photosynthetic organisms. C. reinhardtii is serving as an important model organism for studies of photosynthesis and the pigments associated with the photosynthetic apparatus. Despite extensive information pertaining to the biosynthetic pathways critical for making chlorophylls and carotenoids, we are just beginning to understand the control of these pathways, the coordination between pigment and apoprotein synthesis, and the interactions between the activities of these…

ChlorophyllRhodopsinNuclear geneChloroplastsved/biology.organism_classification_rank.speciesLight-Harvesting Protein ComplexesProtozoan ProteinsChlamydomonas reinhardtiiPhotosynthesisModels Biologicalchemistry.chemical_compoundHemiterpenesLycopeneBiosynthesisIsomerismPentanesBotanyGeneticsButadienesAnimalsPhotosynthesisModel organismCarotenoidPlant Proteinschemistry.chemical_classificationCell Nucleusbiologyved/biologyPigments Biologicalbiology.organism_classificationCarotenoidsChloroplastOxygenCytochrome b6f ComplexchemistryBiochemistryXanthophyllPhotoreceptor Cells InvertebrateChlamydomonas reinhardtiiAnnual review of genetics
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