Search results for "DWI"

showing 10 items of 529 documents

Prognostic significance of the chemokine CXCL13 in node-negative breast cancer

2013

615 Background: The chemokine CXCL13 is chemotactic for B cells. We examined the prognostic significance of CXCL13 mRNA expression in node-negative breast cancer. Methods: Microarray based gene-expression data for CXCL13 (205242_at) were analysed in four previously published cohorts (Mainz, Rotterdam, Transbig, Yu) of node-negative breast cancer patients not treated with adjuvant therapy (n=824). A meta-analysis of previously published cohorts was performed using a random effects model. Prognostic significance of CXCL13 on metastasis-free survival (MFS) was examined in the whole cohort and in different molecular subtypes (ER+/HER2-, ER-/HER2-, HER2+). Independent prognostic relevance was a…

OncologyCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyChemokineMicroarraybiologybusiness.industryMrna expressionObstetrics and GynecologyChemotaxismedicine.diseaseNode negativeBreast cancerOncologyInternal medicineMaternity and MidwiferyImmunologyCancer researchbiology.proteinMedicineCXCL13businessGeburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde
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Die Hochdosischemotherapie in der Behandlung des Mammakarzinoms: Gegenwärtiger Stand und Grenzen der Therapiemethode

1996

Current Status and Limits: High-dose chemotherapy with autologous haematopoietic stem cell rescue has become in recent years a widely accepted therapeutic modality for advanced stage breast cancer in North America. The emergence of modern supportive measures like peripheral blood stem cell rescue has significantly decreased the toxicity and cost of high-dose chemotherapy. The rationale for use of escalated chemotherapy doses in breast cancer is the establishment of a dose-response relationship, with higher doses producing increased response rates in preclinical studies as well as in clinical trials. The dose limiting myelotoxicity of several active agents in breast cancer can only be overco…

Oncologymedicine.medical_specialtyChemotherapybusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentObstetrics and GynecologyPhases of clinical researchContext (language use)Hematopoietic stem cell transplantationmedicine.diseaseSurgeryClinical trialBreast cancerInternal medicineMaternity and MidwiferymedicineCarcinomaBreast carcinomabusinessGeburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde
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Towards CEP stable sub two cycle IR pulse compression with bulk material

2010

We demonstrate both experimentally and numerically that self-steepening during propagation in a hollow-fiber followed by linear propagation through glass in the anomalous dispersion enables pulse compression down to 1.9 cycles at 1.8 micron wavelength.

Optical amplifierFemtosecond pulse shapingMaterials sciencebusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsSecond-harmonic generationAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsWavelengthOpticsPulse compressionOptoelectronicsHigh harmonic generationHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentbusinessSelf-phase modulationBandwidth-limited pulseFrontiers in Optics 2010/Laser Science XXVI
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Amplifier similariton fibre laser with nonlinear spectral compression

2012

We propose and numerically demonstrate a new concept of fibre laser architecture supporting self-similar pulse evolution in the amplifier and nonlinear pulse spectral compression in the passive fibre. The latter process is beneficial for improving the power efficiency as it prevents strong spectral filtering from being highly dissipative.

Optical amplifierFemtosecond pulse shaping[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Materials science[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]business.industryAmplifierNonlinear optics01 natural sciences7. Clean energyPulse shaping010309 opticsOpticsFiber laser0103 physical sciencesOptoelectronics010306 general physicsbusinessUltrashort pulseBandwidth-limited pulse
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Fiber-based measurement of temporal intensity and phase profiles of an optical telecommunication pulse through self-phase modulation

2018

International audience; We propose and experimentally validate an all-fiber based approach to characterize the phase and intensity profiles of optical pulses. Based on three optical spectra affected by different levels of self-phase modulation, we were able to reconstruct the temporal details of pulses typical of optical telecommunications.

Optical fiberMaterials scienceOptical communicationPhysics::OpticsPolarization-maintaining optical fiber02 engineering and technologyOptical time-domain reflectometerOptical modulation amplitudepulse characterization01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 opticsOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesElectrical and Electronic EngineeringSelf-phase modulationfiber optics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]business.industrynonlinear optics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materials0210 nano-technologybusinessUltrashort pulseBandwidth-limited pulse
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Highly efficient few-mode spatial beam self-cleaning at 15µm

2020

We experimentally demonstrate that spatial beam self-cleaning can be highly efficient when obtained with a few-mode excitation in graded-index multimode optical fibers. By using 160 ps long, highly chirped (6 nm bandwidth at -3dB) optical pulses at 1562 nm, we demonstrate a one-decade reduction of the power threshold for spatial beam self-cleaning, with respect to previous experiments using pulses with laser wavelengths at 1030-1064 nm. Self-cleaned beams remain spatio-temporally stable for more than a decade of their peak power variation. The impact of input pulse temporal duration is also studied.

Optical fiberMaterials sciencePhysics::Optics02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesmultimode fiberslaw.invention010309 opticsOpticsKerr effectlawSelf cleaning0103 physical sciencesComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]nonlinear optics; multimode fibers; Kerr effectMulti-mode optical fiberbusiness.industrynonlinear opticsBandwidth (signal processing)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyLaserAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsWavelength0210 nano-technologybusinessExcitationBeam (structure)
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Parabolic pulse generation with dispersion decreasing optical fiber

2007

We experimentally demonstrate the possibility to generate parabolic pulses via a single dispersion decreasing optical fiber with normal dispersion. We numerically and experimentally outline the influence of the dispersion profile.

Optical fiberMaterials sciencebusiness.industry-Graded-index fiberlaw.inventionZero-dispersion wavelengthOpticsPolarization mode dispersionlawDispersion (optics)Dispersion-shifted fiberModal dispersionbusinessBandwidth-limited pulseNonlinear Photonics
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Phase-locked soliton pairs in a stretched-pulse fiber laser.

2002

We report the experimental observation of stable pulse pairs with a ±π/2 phase difference in a passively mode-locked stretched-pulse fiber ring laser. In our setup the stabilization of interacting subpicosecond pulses is obtained with a large range of pulse separations, namely, from 2.7 to 10 ps, without the need for external control. © 2002 Optical Society of America

Optical fiberMaterials sciencebusiness.industryPhase (waves)Soliton (optics)Polarization-maintaining optical fiberAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.inventionPulse (physics)OpticsMode-lockinglawFiber laserbusinessBandwidth-limited pulseOptics letters
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Coupling between counterpropagating cladding modes in fiber Bragg gratings

2011

We present an experimental demonstration of energy transfer between counterpropagating cladding modes in a fiber Bragg grating (FBG). A strong FBG written in a standard photosensitive optical fiber is illuminated with a single cladding mode, and the power transferred between the forward propagating cladding mode and different backward propagating cladding modes is measured by using two auxiliary long period gratings. Resonances between cladding modes having 30 pm bandwidth and 8 dB rejection have been observed.

Optical fiberMaterials sciencebusiness.industryPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsBandwidth (signal processing)Physics::OpticsLong-period fiber gratingCladding modeCladding (fiber optics)Atomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.inventionOpticsFiber Bragg gratinglawOptoelectronicsbusinessRefractive indexDiffraction grating
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Temporal and Spectral Nonlinear Pulse Shaping Methods in Optical Fibers

2015

The combination of the third-order optical nonlinearity with chromatic dispersion in optical fibers offers an extremely rich variety of possibilities for tailoring the temporal and spectral content of a light signal, depending on the regime of dispersion that is used. Here, we review recent progress on the use of third-order nonlinear processes in optical fibers for pulse shaping in the temporal and spectral domains. Various examples of practical significance will be discussed, spanning fields from the generation of specialized temporal waveforms to the generation of ultrashort pulses, and to stable continuum generation.

Optical fiberMaterials sciencebusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsLight signalPulse shapinglaw.inventionNonlinear systemOpticslawDispersion (optics)OptoelectronicsWaveformbusinessBandwidth-limited pulsePhotonic-crystal fiber
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